Cells and Tissue

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Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

About this Chapter: Cell and Tissue

• Cell structure and types• Cell differentiation• Compartmentalization• Mechanical properties and cell functions• Cell junctions• Tissue types and characteristics

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Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Overview: Cells to Organ Systems

Figure 3-4a-c: Anatomy Summary: Levels of Organization—System to Cell For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Overview: Cells to Organ Systems

Figure 3-4d, e: Anatomy Summary: Levels of Organization—System to Cell For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Barrier from • Outside• ECF

• Cell gateway• Cell structure• Phospholipid bilayer

Cell Membrane

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Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Cell Membrane

Figure 3-5: The cell membraneFor more Visit www.dentaltutor.in

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Cytosol• Organelles• Inclusion

• Dissolved• Insoluble

Cell Cytoplasm

Figure 3-3: A map for the study of cell structureFor more Visit www.dentaltutor.in

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Ribosomes• Free• Fixed• Protein synthesis

• Vaults

Nonmenbranous Organelles

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Nonmenbranous Organelles

Figure 3-6: Ribosomes are nonmembranous organelles composed of RNA and protein

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Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Strength• Support• Shape• Transport• Cell to cell links• Protein fibers

• Microfilaments• Intermediate • Microtubules

Cytoskeleton

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Cytoskeleton

Figure 3-7: The cytoskeleton and cytoplasmic protein fibersFor more Visit www.dentaltutor.in

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Centrosomes organize microtubules• Centrioles: bundles of microtubules

• Pull chromosomes, form core in cilia

Centrosomes and Centrioles

Figure 3-8a,c: Centrioles, cilia, and flagella For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Motor proteins• 2:9 microtubule

pattern• Cilia move fluids• Flagella move sperm

cell

Cilia and Flagella

Figure 3-8c, d: Centrioles, cilia, and flagella For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Internal lumen and membranes for protected reactions

• Mitochondria: Generates cell energy (ATP) , have DNA

Membranous Organelles: Create cell compartments

Figure 3-9: Mitochondria For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Smooth ER: Lipid synthesis & conversion • Rough ER: Ribosomes, protein assembly &

transport vesicles

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) ad Ribosomes

Figure 3-10: The endoplasmic reticulum For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in

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