View
1.958
Download
0
Category
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Cardiovascular prevention. com is a website for prevention of cardiovascular disease. In this slide presentation you can find the burden of cardiovascular disease in same Countries
Citation preview
CardioVascularDisease1
C di l di (CVD) th i Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of death in the industrialized countries. But they
d l i i i th i are dangerously increasing in the emerging Countries.
The main forms of CVD are coronary heart disease (CHD): Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), Angina pectoris,
sudden cardiac death (SD)
Stroke: Ischemic and Haemorrhagic;
Peripheral artery disease, aortic aneurysm
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
Age-standardised death rates, per 100.000, from CHD, 1968-2002, selected countries, the world (1)1968 2002, selected countries, the world (1)
2
From: Steven Allender, Viv Peto, Peter Scarborough, Asha Kaur and Mike Rayner (2008) Coronary heart diseaseCoronary heart disease statistics. British Heart Foundation: London.
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
Age-standardised death rates, per 100.000, from CHD, 1968-2002, selected countries, the world (2)1968 2002, selected countries, the world (2)
3
From: Steven Allender, Viv Peto, Peter Scarborough, Asha Kaur and Mike Rayner (2008) Coronary heart diseaseCoronary heart disease statistics. British Heart Foundation: London.
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
Cardiovascular Disease in Europep4
Fi t f d th ti % f ll d th First cause of death counting 41% of all deaths (Eurostat 2003)
ili i d h i / 1.2 milioni deaths in Europe / year
1/3 of year of life expectancy lost by CVD’s premature death
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
5www.cardiovascularprevention.com
EUROPE 1995-2006
6www.cardiovascularprevention.com
CVD in ITALY(year 2003)(y 3)
7
A t C S d Acute Coronary Syndrome 280.000 Male
78.000 Female
50.000 Sudden Cardiac Death
AMI or SD as first onset of CHD Only 30% of persons having traditional risk factors show
signs and symptoms of CHD
In 68% of younger patients, without traditional risk f h b i i l (factors there are subcritical coronary artery stenoses( < 50%).
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
Mortality Year - ISTAT (Ital )Mortality Year - ISTAT (Italy)8
CardiovascularDisease 237.198
Cancer 163.070
Sudden Death 54 000Sudden Death 54.000
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH 9
DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHT Cardiovascular mortality
Diabetes m.
Heart Failure
Ictus (ischemic /haemorrhagic)( / g )
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
Cardiovascular Disease in United Kingdom -2006-2006
10
Diseases of the heart and circulatory system (cardiovascular disease or CVD) are the main cause of y y ( )death in the UK and account for almost 198,000 deaths each year. More than one in three deaths (35%) are from CVD each year. The main forms of CVD are coronary heart disease (CHD: Acute myocardial infarction, Angina pectoris, sudden cardiac death) and stroke. About half (48%) of all deaths from CVD are from CHD and more than a quarter (28%) are from stroke.
CHD by itself is the most common cause of death in the UK Around one in five men and one in seven CHD by itself is the most common cause of death in the UK. Around one in five men and one in seven women die from the disease. CHD causes around 94,000 deaths in the UK each year.
Other forms of heart disease cause over 31,000 deaths in the UK each year so in total there were just under 126,000 deaths from heart disease in the UK in 2006.
Premature mortality(death before the age of 75). CVD is one of the main causes of premature death in the UK 30% of premature deaths in men and
22% of premature deaths in women were from CVD in 2006. CVD caused just over 53,000premature deaths in the UK in 2006.
CHD, by itself, is the most common cause of premature death in the UK About one fifth (19%) of premature deaths in men and one in ten (10%) premature deaths in women were from CHD.premature deaths in men and one in ten (10%) premature deaths in women were from CHD.
CHD caused almost 31,000 premature deaths in the UK in 2006. Other forms of heart disease cause more than 7,500 premature deaths in the UK each year. In total
there were over 38,000 premature deaths from heart disease in the UK in 2006 - around one fifth of all premature deaths.
From: Steven Allender, Viv Peto, Peter Scarborough, Asha Kaur and Mike Rayner (2008) Coronary heart disease statistics. British Heart Foundation: London.
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
DEATHS BY SEX, AGE, UNITED KINGDOM 2006- 2006-
11
From: Steven Allender, Viv Peto, Peter Scarborough, Asha Kaur and Mike Rayner (2008) Coronary heart diseaseCoronary heart disease statistics. British Heart Foundation: London.
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
USA Death rate in 2003USA Death rate in 2003Th 2003 li i CVD d th t 364 2 f l• The 2003 preliminary CVD death rates were 364.2 for males and 262.5 for females.
• Cancer death rates were 232.3 for males and 160.2 for f lfemales.
• Breast cancer claimed the lives of 41 566 females in 2003.• Lung cancer claimed 67 894.g• Death rates for females were 25.2 for breast cancer and 41.1
for lung cancer. • One in 30 female deaths are from breast cancer while 1 in• One in 30 female deaths are from breast cancer, while 1 in
2.6 are from CVD. • Based on preliminary 2003 mortality, CVD caused about a
death a minute among females overdeath a minute among females over • 480 000 female lives every year.
12www.cardiovascularprevention.com
Other causes of death in 2003 in USA (preliminary data)
Cancer 554 643• Cancer 554 643• Accidents 105 695• Alzheimer’s disease 63 343
HIV (AIDS) 13 544• HIV (AIDS) 13 544.
13www.cardiovascularprevention.com
U.S.A. Data 1999-200299914
Of the 71 300 000 American adults with 1 or more types of Of the 71 300 000 American adults with 1 or more types of cardiovascular disease (CVD), 27 400 000are estimated to be age 65 or olderg 5
High blood pressure 65 000 000. Coronary heart disease 13 200 000.y
– Myocardial infarction (MI, or heart attack)7 200 000.
– Angina pectoris (AP, or chest pain) 6 500 000.• Heart failure 5 000 000. Stroke 5 500 000. Congenital cardiovascular defects 1 000 000.
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
U.S.A. Data 2003 & cost 2006
15www.cardiovascularprevention.com
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CANADA (1)Th t ti ti b d 2004 d t (f St ti ti C d )These statistics are based on 2004 data (from Statistics Canada)
Cardiovascular disease (heart disease, diseases of the blood vessels and stroke) acco nts for the death of more Canadians than an otherand stroke) accounts for the death of more Canadians than any other disease. Every 7 minutes in Canada, someone dies from heart disease or strokestroke.
Cardiovascular disease accounted for 72,338 deaths:32% of all deaths in Canada32% of all deaths in Canada 31% of all male deaths 33% of all female deaths In 2004, of all cardiovascular deaths:In 2004, of all cardiovascular deaths:54% were due to ischemic heart disease20% to stroke25% to heart attack
Cost of cardiovascular diseasesHeart disease and stroke costs the Canadian economy more than $18 billion every year in physician services, hospital costs, lost wages and
16
decreased productivity. www.cardiovascularprevention.com
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CANADA (2)These statistics are based on 2004 data (from Statistics Canada)These statistics are based on 2004 data (from Statistics Canada)
Cardiac arrest
Ab t 40 000 C di i di tAbout 40,000 Canadians experience cardiac arrest every year.Less than 5% of those who have a cardiac arrest outside of a hospital
survive.
Congestive heart failure
It is estimated that there are 400 000 Canadians living with congestiveIt is estimated that there are 400,000 Canadians living with congestive heart failure (CHF).
StrokeStroke
More than 50,000 strokes occur in Canada each year. That’s one stroke every 10 minutes.y
Stroke is the third leading cause of death in Canada. Each year, more than 14,000 Canadians die from stroke.
Each year, more women than men die from stroke.
17
y
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
ACUTE CORONARY SINDROME IN INDIA
18 India has the largest percentage of heart disease in the world
X i t l' i d th i id f STEMI d STEMI Xavier et al's, examined the incidence of STEMI and non-STEMI among almost 21 000 patients from 89 centers in 50 Indian cities. They found that more than 60% of these patients were diagnosed with STEMI, mean age was 57.5 years (although STEMI patients tended to be even younger), and the
j i f l iddl i f ili vast majority were from lower-middle-income or poor families.
The Indians were, on average, 57,5 years of age compared with 70.7 years for the European whitesthe European whites.
Reinfarction, and stroke rates and 30-day death, were higher for STEMI patients than non-STEMI, and mortality, notably, was significantly higher in poor patients than in rich patients.
They also had significantly increased prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, history of CAD compared with European whites.
And triple-vessel disease was more common in the Indian Asians than in the whiteswhites.
Almost all STEMI and non-STEMI patients were treated with antiplatelet drugs (primarily aspirin), but use of thrombolytics, ACE inhibitors or Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers, beta blockers, statins, omega 3 fatty-acids
d PCI/CABG ll f l th t i th W tand PCI/CABG were all far lower than rates seen in the West.
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
India: Mortality rates and i i t tsocioeconomic status
M t lit Ri h L P (%)
19
Mortality Rich (%)
Lower middle class
Poor (%) p
class (%)
Unadjusted mortality 5.5 6.5 8.2 <0.0001Mortality adjusted for i k f t l ti
7.2 6.4 6.6 0.97risk factors, location of infarct, and treatmentstreatmentsFrom: Xavier D. et al. Lancet 2008; 371:1435-1442.
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
Ten-year risk of CHD event (%) in 60-year-y ( ) yolds British minority Ethnic groups
Eth i M l M l F l F l
20
Ethnic group Male nonsmoker
Male smoker
Female nonsmoker
Female smoker
Indian 18.5 27.9 6.4 10.0Pakistani 21.3 31.8 9.8 15.3Bangladeshi 21.2 31.7 5.3 8.3All South Asians
19.5 29.3 7.1 11.1
Chinese 6 1 9 6 1 1 1 8Chinese 6.1 9.6 1.1 1.8Caribbean 5.4 8.5 8.6 13.4Black African 8.9 13.9 3.6 5.7Black African 8.9 13.9 3.6 5.7Irish 13.7 20.9 6.8 10.6Framingham 11.8 18.2 7.1 11.7score
From: P Brindle, M May, et Al: Heart 2006;92:1595–1602. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2006.092346
www.cardiovascularprevention.com
Ten-year risk of CVD event (%) in 60-year-y ( ) yolds British minority Ethnic groups21
Ethnic group Male nonsmoker
Male smoker
Female nonsmoker
Female smoker
Indian 22.4 36.7 8.7 15.122.4 36.7 8.7 15.1Pakistani 24.7 40.0 13.4 22.8Bangladeshi 24.9 40.4 7.4 13.0All South Asians
23.6 38.5 9.7 16.9
Chinese 11 1 19 1 2 5 4 4Chinese 11.1 19.1 2.5 4.4Caribbean 13.3 22.7 9.7 16.9Black African 20 1 33 3 10 8 18 7Black African 20.1 33.3 10.8 18.7Irish 16.0 27.0 9.1 15.8Framingham 14.1 22.3 8.7 14.7gscore
From: P Brindle, M May, et Al: Heart 2006;92:1595–1602. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2006.092346www.cardiovascularprevention.com
Health care costs of CVD, CHD and stroke f ,by EU country, 2006, Europe
CVD CHD Stroke
Cost per % of total Cost per % of total Cost per % of total
From: Steven Allender, Viv Peto, Peter Scarborough, Asha Kaur and Mike Rayner (2008)
capita health capita health capita health
Country (€) expenditure (€) expenditure (€) expenditure
Austria 198 6 43 1 35 1Belgium 193 6 46 1 27 1Bulgaria Ì5 14 6 2 7 3 Kaur and Mike Rayner (2008)
Coronary heart disease statistics. British Heart Foundation: London.
Cyprus 59 5 18 2 7 lCzech Republic 107 13 25 3 16 2
Denmark 182 5 44 1 37 lEstonia 77 15 22 4 14 3Finland 237 10 52 2 65 3France 207 7 32 ! 2; 1Germany 413 14 96 3 58 1Greece 173 10 46 3 44 2Hungary 75 111 15 2 10 1Ireland 183 6 46 1 26 1Italy 235 in 45 2 45 2L t i 47 9 13 3 8 2Latvia 47 9 13 3 8 2Lithuania 59 13 14 3 14 3Luxembourg 252 5 60 1 24 0Malta 72 6 IS 1 5 0Netherlands 271 9 73 2 78 3Poland 74 17 18 4 10 2Portugal 151 LO 33 2 27 2Portugal 151 LO 33 2 27 2Romania 14 15 6 3 6 2Slovakia 74 13 21 4 11 2Slovenia 91 7 19 1 12 1Spain 130 7 31 2 17 1
Sweden 308 10 62 2 52 2
222222 www.cardiovascularprevention.com
UK 313 12 71 3 69 3
Total EU 223 10 49 2 38 2
23
Circulation January 24, 2006Alter et al The Proliferation of Cardiac TechnologyIn Canada www.cardiovascularprevention.com
Lucas et al Temporal Trends in Cardiac Testing and Treatment- USA- Circulation January 24, 2006
24 www.cardiovascularprevention.com
www CardioVascularPrevention comwww.CardioVascularPrevention.com
25E-mail: info@cardiovascularprevention.com
Recommended