Body image & eating disorders

Body Image & Body Image & Eating DisordersEating Disorders

Pathways to Eating Pathways to Eating DisordersDisorders

Three Types of Eating Three Types of Eating DisordersDisorders

Anorexia nervosa characterized by a pursuit of thinness that leads to self-starvation

Bulimia nervosa characterized by a cycle of binging

followed by extreme behaviors to prevent weight gain, such as purging .

Binge-eating disorder also called “Night Eating Syndrome”- characterized by regular binging, but do not engage in purging behaviors usually leads to obesity although it can occur in normal weight individuals.

What is anorexia ?What is anorexia ?

Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric illness (illness of the mind) that describes an eating disorder (when human beings stop eating in a normal way), characterized by extreme low body weight and body image distortion, with an obsessive fear of gaining weight

Anorexia nervosa is a complex eating Anorexia nervosa is a complex eating disorder with three key featuresdisorder with three key features::

1 .refusal to maintain a healthy body weight.

2 .an intense fear of gaining weight.

3 .a distorted body image.

Anorexia Healthy Dieting

Anorexia is an attempt to control your life and emotions

Healthy dieting is an attempt to control weight

Your self-esteem is based entirely on how much you weigh and how thin you are

Your self-esteem is based on more than just weight and body image.

You view weight loss as a way to achieve happiness

You view weight loss as a way to improve your health and appearance.

Becoming thin is all that matters; health is not a concern

Your goal is to lose weight in a healthy way.

Anorexic food behavior signs Anorexic food behavior signs and symptomsand symptoms

. Dieting despite being thinObsession with calories, fat grams, and nutrition.Pretending to eat or lying about eating.Preoccupation with food.

. Strange or secretive food rituals

Anorexic appearance and body Anorexic appearance and body image signs and symptomsimage signs and symptoms

Dramatic weight loss Feeling fat, despite being underweight Fixation on body image Harshly critical of appearance Denial that you’re too thin Purging signs and symptoms:Using diet pills, laxatives, or diuretics. Throwing up after eating Compulsive exercising

 Psychological causes and risk factors for anorexiaFamily and social pressuresBiological causes of anorexia

Some of the physical effects Some of the physical effects of anorexia includeof anorexia include

1 -Severe mood swings; depression2-Lack of energy and weakness

3-Slowed thinking; poor memory4-Dry, yellowish skin and brittle nails

5-Constipation and bloating6-Tooth decay and gum damage

7-Dizziness, fainting, and headaches8-Growth of fine hair all over the body

and face

Getting help for anorexiaGetting help for anorexia

 Steps to anorexia recoveryAdmit you have a problem Talk to someoneStay away from people, places, and activities that trigger your obsession with being thin Seek professional help

Treating anorexia involves Treating anorexia involves three stepsthree steps

 Getting back to a healthy weight Starting to eat more food Changing how you think about yourself and food

What is bulimia?What is bulimia?

is a serious and sometimes life-threatening eating disorder affecting mainly young women.

The binge and purge cycleThe binge and purge cycle

Two subtypes of bulimiaTwo subtypes of bulimia

purging type self-induced vomiting and laxatives as

a way to get rid of the extra calories they have taken in

non-purging type use a period of fasting and excessive

exercise to make up for the binge

Signs and symptoms of bulimiaSigns and symptoms of bulimia

Binge eating signs and symptoms Purging signs and symptoms Physical signs and symptoms of bulimia

Bulimia causes and risk factorsBulimia causes and risk factors

Bulimia is a complex emotional issue. Major causes and risk factors for bulimia include:

Poor body imageLow self-esteemHistory of trauma or abuseMajor life changesAppearance-oriented professions

or activities

Effects of Effects of bulimiabulimia

Bulimia therapyBulimia therapy

Because poor body image and low self-esteem lie at the heart of bulimia, therapy is an important part of recovery. It’s common to feel isolated and shamed by your bingeing and purging, and therapists can help with these feelings.

Bulimia treatment Bulimia treatment 

The treatment of choice for bulimia is cognitive-behavioral therapy. Cognitive-behavioral therapy targets the unhealthy eating behaviors of bulimia and the unrealistic, negative thoughts that fuel them. Here’s what to expect in bulimia therapy:Breaking the binge-and-purge cycle Changing unhealthy thoughts and patterns Solving emotional issues 

Challenges to treatmentChallenges to treatment

Lack of motivation to change intrinsically reinforced by the weight

loss, because it feels good to themmay deny the existence of the

problem, or the severity of it

Lack of insight Not really about food.

The Thin-IdealThe Thin-Ideal

The avg. model weighs 23% less than the avg. American woman

Longitudinal study from 1979-1988 showed that 69% of playboy models and 60% of Miss America contestants met weight criteria for anorexia

Women’s bodies in the media have become increasingly thinner

The Impact on WomenThe Impact on Women

One study showed that 55% of college women thought that they were overweight though only 6% were

94% of one sample of women wanted to be smaller than they currently were

96% thought that they were larger than the current societal ideal

Half the women in a study said they would rather be hit by a truck than be fat

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