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IS THE FOUNDATION
ANTIBIOTICS – NOT A SUBSTITUTE
Definition
Asepsis is the state of being free from disease-causing contaminants (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) or, preventing contact with microorganisms.
The term asepsis often refers to those practices used to promote or induce asepsis in an operative field in surgery or medicine to prevent infection.
ASEPSIS
Medical Surgicalany practice that helps reduce the number and spread of microorganisms.
the complete removal of microorganisms and their spores from the surface of an object
Source of infectious organism
sExogeno
us
Endogenous
Operating room(air)
Surgical instruments
Surgical team
• Patient’s resident flora
• MOST IMPORTANT SOURCE
CHAIN OF INFECTION
Surgical asepsis involves proper preparation of
Facilities & environment
Surgical site
Surgixcal equipment
Surgical team
Surgical asepsis
Interrupting at the level of casuative
organism & reservoir
Interrupting at the level of portal of exit & entry
Hand washing Patient skin
preparation Disinfectants on
objeects Sterilisation of
instruments & drapes
Proper attire Gloves, gown,
mask, surgical drapes
During the procedure The following precautions must be taken by the
scrub practitioner:
The sterile field should be constantly observed and not left unattended at any time
Conversation should be kept to a minimum in the surgical area
The number of personnel in the theatre and around the surgical field should be limited
Movement around the sterile field, including the opening and closing of doors should be kept to a minimum
Non-perforating devices should be used to secure equipment to the sterile field
Non-sterile equipment should be covered with sterile barriers before placing them in or over the sterile field
Scrub staff should remain should remain close to the sterile field
When changing positions scrub staff should pass back-to-back or face-to-face
Scrubbed staff should avoid changing levels, ie sitting and standing
A wide space should be observed between scrubbed staff and non-scrubbed staff
The level of the surgical field is established by the level of the surgical site
The following precautions must be taken by unsterile staff:
Unsterile staff should face the sterile field on approach Unsterile staff should not touch or lean over the sterile
field Unsterile staff should not walk between two
components of the sterile field
If extra items are required to be added to the sterile field the packaging must be inspected to ensure that:
It is the required item. The package integrity has been maintained. The sterilisation indicator is present. It has not exceeded its expiry date. The packaging is not wet
Removal of microorganisms and their spores must be complete, or the article is not sterile.
Disinfection To remove as many micoorganisms as possible from
a surface by physical or chemical means.
Articles or surfaces that cannot be sterilized in the OR or special procedure room must be disinfected.
Methods of Sterilization and Disinfection
Proper hand washing
Opening sterile pack
Passing sterile object to a sterile person
Putting an object in the sterile field
Transferring a sterile object
Draping for Sterile Procedure
Removing and Reapplying Dressings
• You must not remove or reapply dressing • All dressings must be treated as if they are
contaminated, because drainage from wounds may harbor pathogenic microorganisms
• By following such simple day to day practices in the operating room we can minimise the infection rates
• Hence surgeons may even not rely on antibiotics for the complete result of their surgical outcome without any infective complications
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