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Carers of working
age: experience in Great Britain
Professor Sue Yeandle CIRCLE Centre for International Research on Care, Labour & Equalities University of Leeds
International Federation on Ageing Conference 2012 Panel: Care and Support for Caregivers
Carers of
working age:
Great Britain
Women
Number
Men
number
Women
%
Men
%
All
%
All carers of
working age 2,419,957
100%
1,845,754
100%
57
43
100
Caring 1-19
hours pw 1,680,528
70%
1,359,269
74%
55
45
100
Caring 20-49
hours pw 285,523
12%
192,896
10%
60
40
100
Caring 50+
hours pw 453,906
19%
293,589
16%
61
39
100
Source: 2001 Census Standard Tables, Crown Copyright.
0
5
10
15
20
25
5-15 16-24 25-34 35-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-74 75-84 85-90 90+
% w
ho
pro
vid
e u
np
aid
care
Males
Females
3%
3%
3%
21%
5%
3%
60%
Self-employed FT
3%
Self-employed PT
3%
Employee FT
29%
Employee PT
27%
Unemployed Early retired Student Looking after home/ family Permanently sick/ disabled Other
Carers in
employment
Employee FT
54%
Self-employed PT
3%
Self-employed FT
12%4%
6%
3%
5%
7%2%
Employee PT
4%
74%
Unemployed Early retired Student Looking after home/ family Permanently sick/ disabled Other
Carers in
employment
Female carers of
working age
by economic activity
status, GB
Male carers of
working age
by economic
activity status,
GB
Source: 2001 Census SARs, Crown copyright
Employees whose health is 'not good' by
employment status and caring responsibilities
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
No care 1-19 hours 20-49 hours 50+ hours
Perc
enta
ge o
f people
of
work
ing a
ge in
em
plo
ym
ent
Male Full-time Male Part-time
Female full-time Female part-time
So
urc
e: 2
00
1 C
en
su
s S
AR
s, C
row
n C
op
yrigh
t 2
00
4. T
his
wo
rk
is b
ase
d o
n th
e S
AR
s p
rovid
ed
th
rou
gh
th
e C
en
tre fo
r C
en
su
s
an
d S
urv
ey R
ese
arc
h o
f th
e U
niv
ers
ity o
f M
an
ch
este
r w
ith
th
e
su
pp
ort
of
ES
RC
an
d J
ISC
Milestones: services that work for carers
Local carers centres – informal network of 280 centres now offers support
of different types in many parts of the country
Carers Strategies 1999, 2008, 2010 – official recognition of carers’
contribution and identification of their needs for support and flexibility
Carers’ Assessments – from 2000 the legal entitlement of carers
supporting someone with recognised care needs
Breaks and Respite – offered to some carers in all local authorities
Planning for emergencies/carer absence: many schemes introduced,
recognising real issues in carers’ lives
Carers Grant Funding to local authorities from 2001 – spending on
programmes to promote innovations in carer support through engagement with voluntary sector agencies and the involvement of carers
Modernisation and personalisation of social care - through Direct
Payments / Individual Budgets, some carers have gained more control over their own lives. 33,000 carers had a DP to help them stay in work in 2009-10
Milestones: carers’ rights and entitlements to date
6
1985 ECJ Ruling, following
test case
Rules adjusted so that married women and men become entitled
to claim Invalid Care Allowance, previously only payable to single
women carers - can be claimed by low-paid employed people
1995 Carers (Recognition
and Services) Act
Introduced the concept of a Carer’s Assessment, to identify carers’
own needs for support in connection with their caring role
1999 Employment
Relations Act
Gave all employees the right to ‘reasonable time off’ to deal with
family emergencies
2000 Carers and Disabled
Children Act
Gave carers the right to an assessment of their own needs,
allowing them to receive services in their own right, and in applicable
cases offering parents of disabled children direct payments to
manage on their child’s behalf.
2002 Employment Act Established the right to request flexible working arrangements for
employed parents of disabled children under the age of 18
2004 Carers (Equal
Opportunities) Act
Placed a duty on local authorities to inform carers of their rights
and to consider their wishes regarding education, training and
employment when conducting Carers Assessments.
2006 Work & Families Act Extended the right to request flexible working arrangements to
many carers providing regular and substantial care (after 6 months in
employment).
2010 Equality Act following
ECJ ruling, test case
Made discrimination in association with a disabled
person illegal
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