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Objectives
• Identify anatomy and physiology of the digestive system
• Recognize common symptoms of the digestive system
• Differentiate various diseases of the digestive system:CirrhosisCholelithiasisDiverticulitisGERD
• Identify various diagnostic tests used for digestive disorders
identify anatomy and physiology of the digestive
system
Functions:digestionabsorptionmetabolism
Accessory organs:liverpancreas
digestive animation
Regions of the abdominal cavity
Diagnostic procedures: gastroscopygastroscopy animation
Diagnostic procedures: sigmoidoscopy
colonoscopy animation
Colonoscopy Prep
Melanosis coli
recognize common symptoms of the digestive
system• Abdominal pain• Heartburn• Nausea and Vomiting• Flatulence• Diarrhea• Constipation• Hiccups• http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qbSgoVyxCE
Various diseases of the digestive system: cirrhosis
• Chronic, degeneration of normal liver cells, replaced by scar tissue• Etiology: toxins, infectious agents• Signs & symptoms: N & V, abdominal pain, weakness, fatigue, wt.
loss, jaundice• Diagnostic Procedures: palpation of liver during PE, ABD x ray,
liver scan, biopsy, blood test for liver enzymes (ALT, AST, SGOT)• Tx: symptomatic• Prognosis: irreversible, transplant
diseases of the digestive system: cholelithiasis
• Gallstones (gallbladder or bile duct)
• Etiology: obesity, high caloric diet, age
• Signs & symptoms: RUQ pain, N & V, flatulence, belching, H/B
• Diagnostic Procedures: GB US, Abd x ray
• Tx: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, dormia basket, extra corporal shock wave lithotripsy
diseases of the digestive system: GERD
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
• Etiology: hiatal hernia, alcohol use, overweight, pregnancy, smoking, food
• Signs & symptoms: persistent heartburn, acid regurgitation, pain in chest, hoarseness in morning, trouble swallowing, halitosis
• Diagnostic procedures: Barium swallow, under endoscopy
• Tx: lifestyle changes, antacids, proton pump inhibitors (Prolisec, Prevacid, Nexium)
diseases of the digestive system: Diverticulitis
• Acute inflammation of diverticula
• Etiology: accumulation of intestinal matter in diverticulum (bacterial growth = inflammation)
• Signs & Symptoms: fever, pain LLQ relieved by bowel movement
• Diagnostic Procedures: Occult blood, SED rate, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, BE
• Treatment: high residue diet (fiber)
colo-rectal surgeon
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mBPSSQFwNJ0
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