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Organic Production System and Irradiation Technology in the
Production of Safe and Quality Bee Products
Zenaida M. De GuzmanSupervising Science Research Specialist
Philippine Nuclear Research Institute
A Collaborative Project between
Department of Science and Technology –
Philippine Nuclear Research Institute and
the Bee Network Foundation Philippines
funded by the DA-Bureau of Agricultural
Research entitled,
“Promotion and Utilization of Organic
Production System and Irradiation
Technology in the Production of Safe and
Quality Bee Products”
Rationale:
1. Address the need for standard or certified
honey and other hive-derived products as
indicated by potential end-users of the
developed biomedical materials.
2. Sustainable quality honey and propolis
Thus, the project aims to:
Enhance the safety and quality of honey bee
products through the use of organic production
system and irradiation technology
Mass production of Stingless Bees
(Tetragonula biroi) using organic production
system
Quality bee products consistent with organic
agriculture
Develop commercially viable product from
organic honey
Utilization of irradiation technology to ensure
products free from microorganism.
Organic Agriculture
Under R.A. 10068
Organic Agriculture includes all agricultural
systems that promote the ecologically sound,
socially acceptable, economically viable and
technically feasible production of food and
fibers.
Drivers for Organic Products
Factors include, but not limited to...
Increasing demand for healthier food
alternatives
Increasing food demand and security
Sustainability of products
Apiary Site Selection
Apiary sites will be established in an area
where pesticides are not known to be used.
It should be at least 3 km away from the farms
using inorganic inputs
International Standard related to
Organic Apiaries
NOSB 2010 Apiculture Recommendation
General guideline – Managing in a manner
that prevents contact with prohibited materials.
Forage zone – land or bodies of water, within
a 1.8 mile (3 km) radius of the edge of the
apiary which provides bees with water, nectar,
honeydew, pollen and propolis
Map of the apiary will show the location of the
hives, the forage zone including the location of
organic and wild lands, and the surveillance
zone, including the location of all non-organic
areas and human housing.
Apiary Site SelectionThe selected sites are:
Sta. Maria, Laguna (main site)
Lobo, Batangas
Sites were chosen since there are existing
organic farms in the area that are tied with the
Department of Agriculture.
Selection of more than one site is done to back-
up the main site and to ensure sustainability of
the project.
Distance of the apiary from farms utilizing
pesticides and industrial sites should be at least
500 meters.
Site Map (Sta. Maria, Laguna)
Site Map (Lobo, Batangas)
Site Map (Gumaca, Quezon)
Site Visit (Sta. Maria, Laguna)
Site visit during the selection (upper pictures) and the apiary site
after setting up the hives (lower pictures).
Site Visit (Lobo, Batangas)
Site visit during the selection (upper pictures) and the apiary site
after setting up the hives (lower pictures).
Site Visit (Gumaca, Quezon)
Site visit during the selection (upper pictures) and the apiary site
after setting up the hives (lower pictures).
Purpose of Site Validation
Validating the apiary site consistent with
the organic agriculture system will not
only
Provides assurance of the quality of its
hived-derived products such as Honey
and Propolis as organic but also
Provides confidence to the stakeholders
of its marketability and subsequent
adoption by other beekeepers.
Quality of Hive-Derived Products from the Apiaries
Minimum requirements for medical grade stingless bee honeyStandard hives for bees
should be used:
For easy management of
the colonies, and
To provide adequate
space to accommodate
growing bee population
and food storage
Harvesting and ProcessingWhat should be considered during harvesting and processing of hive-derived products?
Should be synchronized with the honey flow season,
Materials for harvesting should be prepared prior to harvesting, and
Should be food grade quality
Honey pots are removed from the honey supers. Slice into small cubes
Press or allow to drip, then strain
Settle for at least one night
Place honey in clean, sterile container.
Harvesting and Processing Cut 1x1 cm propolis
sheath around the nest
Store in airtight
containers
Place in dark place,
away from excessive
heat.
Place dried propolis
inside freezer to
prevent mold growth.
Hive-Derived Products harvested from the Apiary Site
HONEY PROPOLIS
Quality Testing
Microbiological AnalysisThe microbial load of honey was found to be within the acceptable limit for food for 2 consecutive testing (every 6 months).
Heavy Metal AnalysisThe heavy metal (Ni, Pb, Cd, Fe and Zn) content of both honey and propolis were found to be less than or almost the same with the limit of detection using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The heavy metal content of both samples were found within the acceptable limit for food for 3 consecutive testing (every 3 months)
Quality Testing
Pesticide Residue Analysis
The pesticide residue (organophosphates)
content of both honey and propolis were found to
be less than minimum detection limit using gas
chromatography. The pesticide residue
(organophosphate) of both samples were found
within the acceptable limit for food for 3
consecutive testing (every 3 months)
Conduct of Local Training for Good
Beekeeping Practices
Purpose of the Training:
To promote stingless bee propagation and
product processing,
To assist local beekeepers and bee enthusiasts in
setting up their own meliponiaries to provide
livelihood opportunities, and
To boost the beekeeping industry in the selected
region/provinces.
General Program:
Training on Stingless Bee
Propagation and Product
Processing1st Day (Morning) 1st Day (Afternoon) - 2nd Day
(Morning)
Importance of bees and
other pollinators
Identification of the different stages
of bee development
Different species of bees Hive design
Hive products and their
properties
Seasonal Management
Bee Biology and Behavior Bee Product Harvesting and
Processing
Why we need honey and
propolis?
- Development of Honey-
alginate wound dressing for
exudating wounds.
Apiary Management (Practicum)
- Actual harvesting and processing
- Product processing for value-
adding
(soap and lip balm making)
Training on Stingless Bee
Propagation and Product
Processing
Training conducted in Bulusan, Sorsogon last April 11-12, 2017
Training on Stingless Bee
Propagation and Product
Processing
Training conducted in Baco, Oriental Mindoro last April 17-18,
2017
Training on Stingless Bee
Propagation and Product
Processing
Training conducted in Buenavista, Marinduque last May 10,
2017
Use of Local Honey and Irradiation Technology in the Development of Wound
Dressing
PHILIPPINE
NUCLEAR RESEARCH
INSTITUTE
The PNRI is Mandated to:
• Conduct research and development on the application of radiation and nuclear materials, processes and techniques inagriculture, food, health, nutrition and medicine and in industryand environment;
• Undertake the transfer of research results to end-usersincluding technical extension and training services;
• Operate and maintain nuclear research reactors and otherradiation facilities; and
• License and regulate activities relative to production, transfer and utilization of nuclear and radioactive substances.
PNRI Gamma Irradiation Facility
Inside CO-60 IRRADIATION Room
PNRI Electron Beam Facility
Physicochemical Laboratory Microbiology Laboratory
Radiation Processing Laboratory
Current Works:
Antimicrobial analysis of the different types of
Honey on pathogenic microorganism found in skin
infection.
Stingless bee honey showed the lowest MIC
(minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC
(minimum bactericidal concentration) for S. aureus and
P. aeruginosa as compared to Manuka Honey and
Coconut Honey.
Stingless bee honey showed the highest
antibacterial activity
Maybe due to its high flavonoid content.
Use of Hive-Derived Products for the
Development of Commercially Viable
Products for Agriculture
Current Works:
Development of Edible Coating Material for Fruits
and Vegetables.
Initial assessment on the potential of propolis
ethanolic extract (PEE) as fruit coating material
revealed significantly reduced water loss (from the 7th
– 14th day of storage) in banana fruits.
Future works:
Development and testing of edible coating material
for high value agricultural products.
Assessment of the antibacterial property of
radiation-treated Stingless bee honey
Use of hive-derived products for medical
application.
THANK
YOU
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