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Funding Education in IllinoisChicago Town Hall Meeting
Senator Steans, Representative Cassidy & Alderman OstermanMarch 30, 2016
State Senator Andy Manar
Savage Inequalities, Jonathan Kozol, 1991
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Perc
ent o
f tot
al fu
ndin
g
LocalStateFederal
1. Includes special education. Note: Categoricals include some competitive grants. Additional competitive grants represent very small portion of total spend. 2. Illinois distributes an additional $3.5 billion in federal funds to support state and local education. (source: Illinois State Board of Education Budget Book).3. Source: Illinois State Board of Education; ILearn website, APA report to EFAC
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
63% 63% 65%44%
31% 29% 25%43%
6% 8% 10% 13%
Illinois’s districts rely more heavily on local property taxes than other states
ARTICLE X ILLINOIS CONSTITUTIONSECTION 1. GOAL - FREE SCHOOLS. A fundamental goal of the People of the State is the educational development of all persons to the limits of their capacities. The State shall provide for an efficient system of high quality public educational institutions and services. Education in public schools through the secondary level shall be free. There may be such other free education as the General Assembly provides by law. The State has the primary responsibility for financing the system of public education. (Source: Illinois Constitution.)
What we get for $12 billion
Property Tax Bill
38%
62%
District Revenues by Source: State vs. Local
State Sources Local Sources
Source: Ed Trust
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Many districts in Illinois couldn’t tax themselves into
equity—even if they wanted to
What we get for $12 billion
Per Pupil Spending (PPS) varies in Illinois greatly:
Highest Spending District:Rondount Dist. 72 = $30,628
Lowest Spending District:Germantown Dist. 60 = $6,037
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Only 44% of State education spending is distributed using some measurement of need.
The lottery provides approximately 6% of the State funds budgeted each year for schools—an important 6%
What we get for $12 billion
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We own the most regressive funding system in the country.
OH MN SD DE TN IN KY CA MA LA NJ GA OK UT WI OR WV MS WA CT AR FL NM ND VT SC KS CO VA AZ AL NH NE ME WY RI ID MO MT IA NC MI MD TX PA NY IL-25%
-20%
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Funding gaps between the highest and lowest poverty districts by state
Reading this figure: In Ohio, the highest poverty districts receive 22 percent more in state and local funds per student than the lowest poverty districts (not adjusted for additional needs of low-income students). In states shaded in green,the highest poverty districts receive at least 5 percent more in state and local funds per student than the lowest poverty districts; in states shaded in red, they receive at least 5 percent less.Grey shading indicates similar levels of funding for the highest and lowest poverty districts.
Note: Hawaii was excluded from the within-state analysis because it is one district. Alaska and Nevada are also excluded because their student populations are heavily concentrated in certain districts and could not be broken into quartiles. Because so many of New York’s students are concentrated in New York City, we sorted that state into two halves, as opposed to four quartiles.
Spending money inequitably fails to improve state performance, meaning all students lose.
What we get for $12 billion
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How Illinois fits its desired budget into its actual budget
that lacks adequate resources
What we get for $12 billion
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We own some of the largest income-achievement gaps in the country
Source: NAEP 2013.
4th Grade Reading 8th Grade Math0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
52% 52%
16% 18%
Non-Low-Income Low-Income
Perc
ent a
t or a
bove
pro
ficie
nt
National Gap Rank:
47thNational Gap Rank:
48th
36 per-
centage point gap
34per-
centage point gap
Low-income achievement gap: students at or above proficient, 2013 NAEP.
What we get for $12 billion
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Average state and local revenues per studentby enrollment of students of color
$10,842
$12,631 $13,481 $12,882
$-
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
$14,000
$16,000
Districts Serving theMost Students of
Color
Quartile 2 Quartile 3 Districts Serving theFewest Students of
Color
Districts serving the most students of color in Illinois
receive roughly $2,000, or 16%, less in state and local funding
per student than districts serving the fewest
What we get for $12 billion
Illinois race-based achievement gaps, NAEP, 2013
Source: NAEP, 2013. Advance Illinois Analysis.
White Black Latino0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
46
1418
4th Grade Reading
Perc
ent o
f 4th
gra
ders
54%
35% 32
%
54%
35% 32
%
54%
35% 32
%
54%
35% 32
%
32 per-
centage point
gap
26 per-
centage point
gap
White Black Latino0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
48
12
22
8th Grade Math
Perc
ent o
f 4th
gra
ders
35%32%
35%32%
36 percent-
age point gap26 percent-
age point gap
We own some of the worst race-based
achievement gaps in the Nation.
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What we get for $12 billion
• Enrollment: 1,473
• 54.9% low income
• 19.5% students w/ disabilities
• Per Pupil Spending (all sources): $7,479• Note: This represents -7.5% or $562 below adequacy and
-41% or $5,000 below the state avg. (est.)
• Total Annual State support: $5,700,000To be spending at an adequate level based on North Mac’s student need, total spending should increase by $562 per student (+7.5%). Filling that gap totaling approximately $800,000 would bring state support to $6,500,000.
North Mac School District #34
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What we get for $12 billion
• Enrollment: 2,784
• 74% low income
• 18.5% English learners
• 8% students w/ disabilities
• Per Pupil Spending (all sources): $11,076
• Total Annual State support: $9,600,000
The East Moline School District can only afford to spend at a level that is $1,445 less than the state average of $12,521 Per Pupil. In addition, the district relies on state funding for 34% of its revenue, 8% higher than the state average of 26%.
East Moline School District #37
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Conclusions
• In public education, funding isn’t the only thing that drives student success; but funding certainly does matter.
• Adequacy vs. Equity: The quantity of funding isn’t the only answer to fixing our problem; funding equity will help fix our problem as well. .
• Our system in inequitable for students and taxpayers alike.• According to the Education Trust, Illinois has some of the largest funding
gaps in the country, both between the highest and lowest poverty districts, and between districts serving the most and the fewest students of color.
• Our State budget doesn’t prioritize education which drives up property taxes. The Illinois budget contributes one of the smallest shares of school district revenue in the nation. But there are other states that contribute similar shares of district funds and have more equitable funding patterns. How much money the state contributes matters, but how it distributes those dollars matters, too.
• This is a fixable problem.
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• Funding Illinois Future CoalitionFundingILFuture.orgTwitter: @FundingILFuture
• State Senator Andy Manar’s OfficeTwitter: @AndyManarFacebook: Senator Andy Manar
• Illinois School Report CardIllinoisReportCard.com
• Education TrustEdTrust.orgTwitter: @EdTrust
Resources
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