Generating and Using Meteorological Data in AERMOD

Prepared by:

BREEZE Software

12770 Merit Drive | Suite 900 | Dallas, TX 75251

+1 (972) 661-8881 | breeze-software.com

George J. Schewe, CCM, QEP

June 26, 2012

Generating and Using

Meteorological Data in AERMOD

M t l i T t tiMeteorology in Transportation Hot Spot ModelingHot Spot Modeling

AERMOD mentioned i S ti 3 6in Section 3.6

Focus here on AERMOD input filesAERMOD input files

Section 7.5 -Incorporating Meteorological Data

From where do the data come?data come?

Wh t i AERMOD?What is AERMOD?

“A steady-state plume model that incorporates air dispersion based on planetary boundary layer turbulence structure and scaling concepts, including treatment of both surface and elevated sources, and both simple and complex terrain.”Support Center for Regulatory Air Models -www.epa.gov/scram001/dispersion_prefrec.htm

H t S t M d li PHot-Spot Modeling Process

1. Determine need for analysis2. Determine approach, models, data3. Estimate on-road motor vehicle emissions4. Estimate emissions from road dust, construction, other

sourcessou ces5. Select AQ model, meteorology, roadway configurations,

receptors, background concentrations6 C l l t d i l t NAAQS d6. Calculate design values, compare to NAAQS, and

determine conformity7. Consider mitigation or control measures and repeat

Meteorological Data for AERMOD

Finding representative meteorological d t NWS FAA SCRAM itdata – NWS, FAA, SCRAM, onsite

Surface and upper air data AERSURFACE for albedo, Bowen

ratio, surface roughness AERMET preprocessor

S l ti M t l fSelecting Meteorology for Project-Level Hot-Spot AnalysisProject Level Hot Spot Analysis Surface met data – NWS, Onsite, other

Offsite met data – minimum five years Onsite met data – minimum one year

U i t d t Upper air met data Surface characteristics, land use Population data – used for urban-rural Representative of the project area?

R t ti fRepresentativeness of Meteorology for Hot-Spot AnalysisMeteorology for Hot Spot Analysis Proximity of project to met data site Similarity of land use and surface

characteristics Time period of data Similarity of terrain features Similarity of terrain features Climate similarities

Ai t Sit LULCAirport vs Site LULC

S f D tSurface Data

National Weather Service Data is typical TD-3505 format (Integrated Hourly Surface TD 3505 format (Integrated Hourly Surface

Data) obtained from National Climatic Data Center in Asheville or ftp://ftp3.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/noaa

Minute data obtained from NOAA at ftp://ftp ncdc noaa gov/pub/data/asos-oneminftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/asos-onemin

Verify station location at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?WWDI~StnSrch

htt // i d / / d /http://gis.ncdc.noaa.gov/map/cdo/

htt // i d / / dhttp://gis.ncdc.noaa.gov/map/cdo/o/

St ti L tiStation Location

Station LocationStation Location

BiGoogle Earth Bing

U Ai D tUpper Air Data

National Weather Service Data is typical FSL Format (Forecast Systems Laboratory) FSL Format (Forecast Systems Laboratory)

obtained from NOAA online at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/raobs

Verify station location at http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?WWDI~StnSrch

Upper Air Observation sites

Upper Air Station LocationUpper Air Station Location

BiGoogle Earth Bing

L d ULand Use From the USGS Seamless Server at

http://seamless.usgs.gov/website/seamless/viewer.htm Currently only NLCD92 format

R i f L d UReview of Land UseFacility Landuse

AERSURFACE O t tAERSURFACE Output

Season Sect Alb Bo ZoSITE_CHAR 1 1 0.17 0.92 0.026SITE_CHAR 1 2 0.17 0.92 0.013SITE CHAR 1 3 0.17 0.92 0.012

Alb – albedo is the amount of solar radiation reflected by the surface

SITE_CHAR 1 3 0.17 0.92 0.012SITE_CHAR 1 4 0.17 0.92 0.030SITE_CHAR 1 5 0.17 0.92 0.021SITE_CHAR 1 6 0.17 0.92 0.128SITE_CHAR 1 7 0.17 0.92 0.571

Bo – Bowen ratio is the ratio of sensible to latent heat_

SITE_CHAR 1 8 0.17 0.92 0.319SITE_CHAR 1 9 0.17 0.92 0.285SITE_CHAR 1 10 0.17 0.92 0.035SITE_CHAR 1 11 0.17 0.92 0.018

Zo – surface roughness length is related to the land use which interrupts

SITE_CHAR 1 12 0.17 0.92 0.030SITE_CHAR 2 1 0.16 0.66 0.036SITE_CHAR 2 2 0.16 0.66 0.019SITE_CHAR 2 3 0.16 0.66 0.017

land use which interrupts smooth-flowing winds at the surface

SITE_CHAR 2 4 0.16 0.66 0.044SITE_CHAR 2 5 0.16 0.66 0.031SITE_CHAR 2 6 0.16 0.66 0.163

AERMET P iAERMET Processing Stage 1 and 2

Raw SoundingFile AERMET QA

-------------- Stage 1 and 2 -----------------Stage 3

SurfaceRaw

S f Fil AERMET QA

File

MERGESurface File AERMET QA

Raw

MERGE

UpperManual/AERMET

On-site File

Explicit LandBowen ratio,

roughness,

QA

1-min data AERMINUTEExplicit LandUse Analysis

g ,albedo

F t f AERMETFeatures of AERMETProcesses one minute and hourly surface observations,

twice-daily upper air soundings, and on-site measurements:

AERMINUTE processes one minute u and AERMINUTE – processes one minute u and AERMET – processes in three stages Stage 1: Extracts/processes data from AERMINUTE, S age ac s/p ocesses da a o U ,

archived data files and performs quality assessment (QA)

Stage 2: Merges all data from Stage 1 and stores these data together in a single file

Stage 3: Reads merged meteorological data and estimates b d l t f b AERMODboundary layer parameters for use by AERMOD

Surface Turbulence Parameters AERMET computes turbulence parameters

for use in AERMOD Sensible heat flux Surface friction velocity Convective velocity scale Convective velocity scale Convective boundary layer height Vertical potential temperature gradientp p g Stable boundary layer height Monin-Obukhov length

Processed Met DataProcessed Met Data Met Data File using PCRAMMETMet Data File using PCRAMMET

Surface Met Data File using AERMET

Questions/Discussion?

George J. Schewe, CCM, QEP(859) 341-8100(859) 341-8100gschewe@trinityconsultants.comwww trinityconsultants comwww.trinityconsultants.com