2014 Berlin Climate Engineering Conference "Accelerated Weathering"

CLIMATE(ENGINEERING(CONFERENCE(2014(

Session:(Enhanced(Mineral(Weathering:(Poten5al(and(Consequences(

Date:(20(July(2014(

Loca5on:(Scandic(Hotel(Potzdammer(Platz(Berlin(

Title:(

CO2$re'use$with$accelerated$olivine$weathering;$making$products$from$olivine$and$CO2(

8/22/14( CEC(2014( 1(

Pol(Knops(

Innova5on(Concepts(B.V.(

knops@innova5onconcepts.eu(

Tel:(+31(6S51304842(

CO2 (re-)use CO2 from a waste to an asset?

making products from olivine and CO2

Myself(

•  Pol(Knops(•  50(year(• MSc(Physisc(@(Twente((Nl)(

•  Renewable,(energy(projects:(•  >(12(years(Gravity(Pressure(Vessel(•  4(years(Mineraliza5on:(Ambient(<=>(Accelerated(

•  PhDSstudent(@(Leuven((topic:(Olivine(&(GPV)(

CO2: 322,25 ppm

CO2: 397,73 ppm

ReacCon(

Coal(

Gaseous(CO2(

Solid(Carbonate(

ΔH(=(11,1(MJ/kg(CO2(

80%(

ΔH(=(2,7(MJ/kg(CO2(20%(

20/8/14( 4(CEC(2014(

Olivine: Mg2SiO4 + 2CO2 =>

Disadvantages(

•  Slow(reac5on(speed:(

•  Volumes(to(be(handled(

•  Costs(•  Environmental$applica<ons:$Nickel,$Chromium$

Conditions Focus

ambient CO2 Ambient CO2 + Various product HPHT Products

Natural weathering Combined effects Product replacement Process intensification

CO2 ->

MeeCngs(

Accelerated(

Chemical(Engineering(

•  2006(London(•  2008(Rome(

•  2010(Turku(•  2013(Leuven(•  2015(New(York(

8/20/14( CEC(2014( 6(

Ambient(Biological(

2014(Hamburg(

Academic(groups(

•  Ex=situ(only:(– Columbia(University(New(York,(USA(– Turku,(Finland(– KU(Leuven,(Belgium(

– ETH,(Switzerland(– Herioh(Wah,(Edinburgh,(UK(– Cambridge,(UK(

– University(of(Newcastle,(Australia(– University(of(Rome,(Italy(– University(of(Tallin,(Estonia(

8/20/14( 7(CEC(2014(

8/20/14( CEC(2014( 8(

Company( “Maturity”( Field(of(operaCon(

Cambridge(Carbon(Capture(( UK( ++( Products,(sec.(CO2(

Calera( USA( ++( Products(

Calix(/(Novacem( AU( +( Products(

Climeworks( CH( ++((demo)( Products(

Solidia( USA( ++( Products(

Recmix( B( +++((plant)( Products(

Carbon8( UK( +++((plant)( Waste(improvement(

Carbon(Engineering(( CA( +( CO2(reuse(

CO2(Solu5ons( CA( ++( CO2(reuse(

CO2(Transforma5on(( AU( ?( Products(

Global(Thermostate(( USA( +( CO2(reuse(

Greenmag( AU( +++((pilot(plant(?)( Products(

InnovaCon(Concepts(( NL( +((batch(lab)( Products(

ICS( AU( 0( Products(

Kilimanjaro(Energy(( USA( +( CO2(reuse(

Skyonic( USA( ++((pilot(plant)( Products(

Procede(/(Twence( NL( +++((plant)( Products(

1ES5(Achieved(dissolu5on(

rate(

1ES4( Required(dissolu5on(rate(

Conversion(

Process(intensificaCon(

•  Chemical(process(•  Studied(1990S2005:(•  High(Pressure,(High(temperature:(

•  Accelerated(reac5on(rate:(185°C,((100(bar(P(CO2,((1(hour(residence(5me(

•  Exothermic(behavior(known,(but(not(used(

8/20/14( 10(CEC(2014(

Design(

8/20/14( CEC(2014( 11(

Een GPV-reactor gebruikt de zwaartekracht om de benodigde druk te creëren,terwijl de warmte die bij de reactie vrijkomt zorgt voor de gewenste hoge temperaturen.

Gravity Pressure Vessel (GPV)

van water engemalen olivijn

injectie slurry

stoom

slurry

carbonaten

slurrystroomt weer terug naar boven

© De Ingenieur / Marcel Groenen

afgetapt en gebruikt voorproductie van elektriciteit

water

reageert met olivijn envormt carbonaten:

koolstofdioxide

magnesiumcarbonaat

zand (silicaten)

zwaartekrachtzorgt voor debenodigde druk

Warmte die bij de reactie vrijkomt zorgt voor hoge temperaturen

RealizaCon(

8/20/14( 12(CEC(2014(

Test(equipment(

8/20/14( 13(CEC(2014(

ReacCon(products(

8/20/14( 14(CEC(2014(

ReacCon(products(

Sample:(U3:(

SiO2(

MgCO3(

8/20/14( 15(CEC(2014(

ReacCon(products(

8/22/14( CEC(2014( 16(

ReacCon(2(

8/20/14( 17(CEC(2014(

Dissolving olivine

ApplicaCons(and(Scale(

ApplicaCons:((end(products(==(Cover(Costs(

Scale:(

–  Now:((Batch(autoclave((1(liter/batch):(–  Next(phase:((Con5nuous(autoclave((100(liter/hr)((–  Future(1:((300(kton(CO2/yr(–  Future(2:(Full(scale:§Mton(CO2/yr((

8/20/14( 18(CEC(2014(

“Take(home(message”(

•  Accelerated(weathering((process$industry):(is(speeding(up,(academic(&(industrial(

• Making(product(is(important((not(“just”(CO2)(

•  Advice:(Ambient(weathering:(Seek(combina5on(CO2(and(other(effects:(S(Alkalinity,(Magnesium(release,(Silica(

•  Start,(at(small(scale(8/20/14( CEC(2014( 19(

End(

Questions ?

8/20/14( 20(CEC(2014(

Contact(data:(

Innova5on(Concepts(B.V.(Gorinchem,(Netherlands(www.innova5onconcepts.eu((info@innova5onconcepts.eu Presentation on Slideshare

Q: CO2 from a waste to an asset?

A: An acid to be used