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Camera Obscura

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, 1825

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, 1825Heliography: Silver Chloride

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, 1825Heliography: Silver Chloride

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, 1825Bitumen

View from the Window at Le Gras

Louis Jacque Daguerre, 1839

Louis Jacque Daguerre, 1839Daguerreotype- Silver Halide on polished surface

Louis Jacque Daguerre, 1839Daguerreotype- Silver Halide on polished surface

Initially Iodine, later found Bromine and Chlorine made the surface more sensitive.

Louis Jacque Daguerre, 1839Daguerreotype- Silver Halide on polished surface

Initially Iodine, later found Bromine and Chlorine made the surface more sensitive.

Exposed plate held over heated vat of Mercury, the vapors of which converted the silver that had been exposed to soluble form that could be washed away. The remaining silver remains, black in tone, on the plate.

Louis Jacque Daguerre, 1839Daguerreotype- Silver Halide on polished surface

Initially Iodine, later found Bromine and Chlorine made the surface more sensitive.

Exposed plate held over heated vat of Mercury, the vapors of which converted the silver that had been exposed to soluble form that could be washed away. The remaining silver remains, black in tone, on the plate.

Image is then “fixed” with a solution of hyposulphite of soda, which removes any unexposed halides on the plate.

Louis Jacque Daguerre, 1839

Popularity of the daguerreotype

William Fox Talbot, 1841

William Fox Talbot, 1841

Calotype

William Fox Talbot, 1841

Calotype

Similar to daguerreotype, in that Silver Iodine was used as a sensitizing agent.

However, solution applied to paper, as opposed to metallic plate.

William Fox Talbot, 1841

Calotype

Similar to daguerreotype, in that Silver Iodine was used as a sensitizing agent.

However, solution applied to paper, as opposed to metallic plate.

Primary advantage of this:Produced a paper negative, from which reproductions could more easily be

made.

William Fox Talbot, 1841

Calotype

Similar to daguerreotype, in that Silver Iodine was used as a sensitizing agent.

However, solution applied to paper, as opposed to metallic plate.

Primary advantage of this:Produced a paper negative, from which reproductions could more easily be

made.

Disadvantage:Rendered a softer, less detailed image.

Other Early Photographic Processes.

Wet Collodian ProcessAmbrotype

TintypeAlbumenDry Plate

Camera FormatsSingle Lens Reflex

Camera FormatsSingle Lens Reflex Twin Lens Reflex

Camera FormatsSingle Lens Reflex Twin Lens Reflex

Rangefinder or Viewfinder

Camera TypesSingle Lens Reflex Twin Lens Reflex

Rangefinder or Viewfinder View Camera

Camera Formats

35 mmMedium Format: 645

6x76x9PanoramicPolaroid

Large Format: 4x55x78x1011x1420x24 (Polaroid)

Vintage

Polaroid 110A

Polaroid 110A

35mm

645

645

645

645

6x6

6x6

6x7

6x7

Holga

Holga

4x5

4x5

4x5

4x5 (Polaroid 55)

4x5 (Polaroid 55)

Digital (DSLR)

Digital (DSLR)

Digital (DSLR)

Digital (Medium Format)

Digital (Medium Format)

Digital (Medium Format)