Wheel chair controller using eye

WHEEL CHAIR CONTROLLEREYE MOMENT BASED

BYSK.SALMAN KHANR.K.CH. AKHIL

CONTENTS:1:Introduction2:Design overview3:Software design4:hardware design5:Mechanical design6:Testing and Results7:conclusions

INTRODUCTION: Many people are suffering

from quadriplegia around the world, which affects their four limbs.

So we made a project called eye monitored wheel chair movement which makes their life easy

We take the advantage of their ability to move their head.

We use laptab webcam to capture their head movements by that the wheel chair can be moved to desired direction.

DESIGN OVERVIEW:• Eye detection can be done by MATLAB script which is running

on the laptab which has inbuilt webcam.• MATLAB puts one digit like 0,1,2 on COM port based on the eye

movements• ATMega 32A is used to drive motors as per user desire direction

like left,right,straight based on signals send by matlab

SOFTWARE DESIGN:(A) MATLAB COMPONENT Initialization of COM port for serial communication. Capturing of image for every 25th frame. Changing image from RGB to gray level and

enhancing the image. Detection of the person’s eye in image using

viola-jones algorithm. Detection of the eye movement by comparing the

present position of eye with previous position. Placing one digit data on the COM port based on

the eye movements.

Code developed in AVR studio. Hex file generated using AVR

studio. Hex file dumped into

Microcontroller using extreme burner software

(B) FIRMWARE DESIGN

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

(A)DESCRIPTION OF MICRO CONTROLLER ATMEGA 32A

• ATMega 32A is a 8-bit microcontroller having 40 pins

• ATMega 32A has a 32 Programmable I/O Lines

• ATMega 32A has a programmable USART

• ATMega 32A can operate over 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM Write/Erase cycles.

MECHANICAL DESIGNWHEEL CHAIR PROTO TYPE

Metal Chassis – It is flat metal body which resembles wheel chair

DC motors – Two DC motors are used having 200 RPM

Wheels – Two types of wheels. One is castor wheel and other is plastic wheel(two wheels)

HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION

Block diagram of project

(A) MICRO CONTROLLER-CP2102 INTERFACING

CP2102

CP2102 is a interfacing device between computer and microcontroller

CP2102 carry one digit data put on COM port by MATLAB using RS-232 standard

It also converts RS-232 voltage levels into TTL voltage levels

CP2102 has RXD,TXD,DTR,VBUS,GND,3V3 pins

RS-232 STANDARD

RS-232 standard has 1 start bit,8 data bits, 1 parity bit and 1 or 2 stop bits

RS-232 has +12v volts for logic 1 and -12v for logic 0

(B) MICROCONTROLLER – DC MOTORS INTERFACE

To interface MCU with motors we use L293D IC.

Based on the input data output pins are enabled.

Dc motors rotate based on the logic levels at IN1,IN2,IN3,IN4 of L293D

LOGIC LEVELS AND WHEEL CHAIR DIRECTION

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TESTING AND RESULTSPROJECT KIT

Testing strategy – x, y, length, height of valid eye are displayed on the debug screen.

Speed of execution – This is the limitation of our project. We can take image for every 15th frame but cannot process at that speed.

Accuracy – can get almost 86% accuracy with coordinates of eye that are set in threshold limits

SAFETY FEATURES

Controlled speed of detection and wheel chair drive. Eye height and width threshold. Controlled movement in either direction for limited time

period. Less jerk, by incorporating delay in the wheel chair drive. Halt control using blink detection.

CONCLUSION

PERFORMANCE System functions at an accuracy of 70 – 90%. Person’s eye can easily detected by using viola- jones algorithm

without detecting of things mostly have face like features.

FUTURE MODIFICATIONS• Lot of work needs to be done before making the product commercially viable.• Need to work on wheel chair movement when the person is just casually

glaring in different directions.• We can incorporate certain sequences for turning ON and OFF electrical

devices or door locks.• Lot of safety precautions need to be incorporated.

REFERENCES: 1. S. Tameemsultana and N. Kali Saranya, “Implementation of Head and Finger Movement Based Automatic Wheel Chair”, Bonfring International Journal of Power

Systems and Integrated Circuits, vol. 1, Special Issue, pp 48-51, December 2011. 2. Manuel Mazo, Francisco J. Rodriguez, Jose L, Lazaro, Jesus Urena, Juan C. Garcia, Enrique Santiso, Pedro Revenga and J. Jesus Garcia, “Wheelchair for Physically Disabled People with Voice, Ultrasonic and Infrared Sensor Control “, Autonomous Robots, vol.2,

no. 3, pp. 203-224 ,Sep 1995. 3. Tabasum Shaikh, Naseem Farheen Sayyed, Shaheen Pathan, “Review of Multilevel Controlled Wheelchair”, 4th National Conference On Electronic Technologies, pp. 275- 279, April 2013. 4. Motor Controller circuitry – http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor controller 5. Voila Jones Algorithm - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola%E2%80%93Jones_object_detection_framework 6. Cascade Object Detector – http://www.mathworks.com/help/vision/ref/vision.cascadeobjectdetector-class.html

THANK YOU

ANY QUIRIES ???