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Human-Computer Interaction, Universität HamburgProf. Dr. Frank Steinicke
Riding the Wave of Exponential Innovation Elephants do not eat mice, but cheetahs eat gnus
It's not the BIG …
… that eats the SMALL,
… but it's the FAST
that eats the SLOW!
censored
Speed of Innovation?
~20 years~5050 days ~250 month
„Adding manpower to a late software project makes it later.“
Frederick Phillips Brooks, Jr.
Apple Computer, Inc., 1984
Xerox PARC, Xerox Palo, 1973
William English & Douglas C. Engelbart, 1968
Rainer Mallebrein (Telefunken): Rollkugel , 1968
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Invention Refinement & Augmentation TractionTime
W. Buxton: The Long Nose of Innovation, Businessweek, 2008
15-25 years
Long Nose
13
Invention Refinement & Augmentation TractionTime
W. Buxton: The Long Nose of Innovation, Businessweek, 2008
15-25 years
Gro
wth
of a
n id
ea
Long Nose
14
Invention Refinement & Augmentation Traction
Gro
wth
of a
n id
ea
Time
Radar
W. Buxton: The Long Nose of Innovation, Businessweek, 2008
15-25 years
Long Nose
16
Invention Refinement & Augmentation Traction
Gro
wth
of a
n id
ea
Time
Radar
W. Buxton: The Long Nose of Innovation, Businessweek, 2008
15-25 years
Incremental Innovation
Incremental Innovation15-25 years of incremental improvements
Long Nose
18
Invention Refinement & Augmentation Traction
Gro
wth
of a
n id
ea
Time
Radar
W. Buxton: The Long Nose of Innovation, Businessweek, 2008
15-25 years
Incremental Innovation
?
Ambalappuzha Sri Krishna Temple
Ambalappuzha Pal Payasam
Legend of Ambalappuzha Pal Payasam
32 64 128
32 64 128
256 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384 32868
64K 128K 256K 512K 1M
32 64 128
256 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384 32868
64K 128K 256K 512K 1M 2M 4M 8M
16M 32M 64M 128M 256M 512M 1G 2G
4G 8G 16G 32G 64G 128G 256G 512G
1T 2T 4T 8T 16T 32T 64T 128T
256T 512T 1P 2P 4P 8P 16P 32P
64P 128P 256P 512P 1E 2E 4E 8E
Legend of Ambalappuzha Pal Payasam
Exponential GrowthExample
26W.A. Wagenaar, S.D. Sagaria: Misperception of exponential growth, Perception & Psychophysics, 1975
Year # index
1971 2,300
1972 3,500
1974 4,500
1976 8,500
1978 29,000
• Group 1: How large will the index be in 1989? • Group 2: In which year will the index surpass 275,000?
27
Gordon E. Moore“With unit cost falling as the number of components per circuit rises, by 1975 economics may dictate squeezing as many as 65,000 components on a single silicon chip.”
Reliability
28
TIME: The Year Man Becomes Immortal, 2011
Radar
Stock chart: Eastman Kodak Company
Steven J. Sasson: Portable all electronic still camera, 1975
Digital ImagesImplications
35photo
scanner printer
photo copies
Digital ImagesImplications
36
Digital MusicImplications
37audio CD
CD reader CD writer
CD copies
Digital MusicImplications
38
Digital FabricationImplications
39
physical objects
3D scanner 3D printer
physical copies
Digital FabricationImplications
40
Disruptive InnovationResult of ~20 years of Incremental Innovation
43
Invention Refinement & Augmentation Traction
Gro
wth
of a
n id
ea
Time
Radar
W. Buxton: The Long Nose of Innovation, Businessweek, 2008
15-25 years
Incremental Innovation Dis
rupt
ive
Inno
vatio
n
Exponential Innovation
Exponential InnovationTo avoid death, we should focus on incremental innovation by refining existing technologies, as much as on disruptive innovation by novel creation and research.
This ability is at the heart of exponential innovation.
44
Human-Computer InteractionUniversität Hamburg
informatikdie zukunft
Human-Computer InteractionUniversität Hamburg
Thanks!
Human-Computer InteractionUniversität Hamburg
Questions?Discussion!
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