mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) and its applications

FUTURE TRENDS IN MANET

By-

AMAN GUPTAANJAN KUMAR DEYDEEPAK RAWATDURGESH VERMASUDEEP KUMAR GIRI

CONTENTS:-• Defining MANET • Applications and Shortcomings

• Solutions To Shortcomings

• Future Technologies

• Future Vision

What you understood about MANET ???

The basic definition is:

A mobile ad hoc network is a self configuring infrastructure-less network of mobile devices connected by wireless.

Actually, Each device in a MANET is free to move independently in any direction, and will therefore change its links to other devices frequently. Each must forward traffic unrelated to its own use, and therefore be a ROUTER.

APPLICATIONS OF MANET,&

THEIR SHORTCOMINGS

The main applications of MANET that we have gathered from the previous presentations are as follows:

• Mobile Conferencing- Ad hoc networks enable mobile conferencing for business users who need to collaborate outside their office where no network infrastructure is available.

• Personal Area And Home Networking- Mobile devices with Bluetooth or WLAN cards can be easily configured to form an ad hoc network. With the Internet connectivity at home, these devices can easily be connected to the Internet.

• Emergency Services- In some kind of disaster like earthquakes, hurricanes, fire, and so forth, ad hoc networks can be easily deployed to provide solutions to emergency services.

• Public Hotspots- In places like airports, train stations, coffee shops, and pubs, football grounds, and malls, ad hoc networks provide users the ability to create their own network and communicate with each other instantly.

• Military Applications- In battlefield, MANET can be deployed for communications among the soldiers in the field. Different military units are expected to communicate and cooperate with each other within a specified area. In these kinds of low mobility environments, MANET is used for communications where virtually no network infrastructure is available.

• Location-based Services- MANET when integrated with location-based information provides useful services. GPS (Global Positioning System), a satellite-based radio navigation system, is a very effective tool to determine the physical location of a device. A mobile host in a MANET when connected to a GPS receiver will be able to determine its current physical location.

No problem can exist without a solution…

• Web Address/Secure Data Transfer: A company can either provide a network for internal means where all the employees can access the data at a request or during a conference only certain members are allowed to access.

• Bandwidth Selection: A selection of bandwidth can be done which can be alternatively increased to an extent suitable for quicker data transfer. But, As we know bandwidth access is a major problem, so the main task of a communicating device could be, to get legal permit for that particular bandwidth.

What the future holds for us ??

• Application tuning

• Artificial intelligence

• Open air laser links

• Smart antenna design

• Network Security

Contents:

Application tuning- From a MANET perspective, this policy proposal must be balanced against the potential bandwidth impacts. If a mobile node acquires a particularly “interesting” set of data, it would be useful to quickly push it to a more advantaged node (in terms of bandwidth) so as not to flood the typically more constrained MANET with numerous requests for that data set. This is an example of application tuning.

Artificial intelligence- AI advances in areas such as link selection, optimal routing, and network self-monitoring hold great promise. Processing power vs Algorithm Efficiency is the main MANET related aspect. In the end, a hybrid approach of certain AI technologies residing in the network layer and other residing in the application layer on individual nodes would seem to be the likely outcome.

Open air laser links- Laser communications have many advantages over RF – higher potential bandwidth (with multiplexing), longer range – but also suffer from many disadvantages. The need for direct LOSS, relatively clear air, precise knowledge of the location of the intended recipient (especially difficult when both nodes are moving), and the relative fragility of laser optics in general make for a challenging set of limitations to overcome for widespread application in MANETs.

Smart antenna design: Several MEMS and NEMS techniques are under consideration for tuneable antennas designs. These technologies can potentially make drastic improvements on bandwidth, and connectivity, as well as enhancing LPI/LPD capabilities.

Network Security: Every security issue that cabled networks have (viruses, worms, denial of service attacks, etc.), wireless networks and MANETs have as well. Since the exposed nature of wireless links leave them open to exploitation by virtually anyone with limited exposure to themselves, add-on encryption in the form of VPNs or external bulk signal encryption will likely remain a fact of life for MANETs for the foreseeable future.

The Future Vision

The surveillance systemConsidering, a system where the cameras work on the basis of ad hoc network. A structure can be formed out in which two types of devices will work, one without cameras and others equipped with cameras. It works on the simple network where each and every device is connected to the other and no lag or loss of data is observed.

Talking about MANET, this technology can be implemented in the hot pursuits or during the criminal chase operations, where the inbuilt cameras can snap the pictures of the convict and ultimately the pictures get shared on other cop cars and the location can be more easily detected.

These inexpensive devices, once deployed, can offer accurate information about temperature, chemicals, critical environmental conditions (e.g., generate wild fire alarms), and behaviour patterns like movements of some animals, and so forth. Sensors with RFID-based applications are used for tracking inventory and toll collections. In addition, these devices can also be used for security applications.

Sensor network

Future application of it would be implementing it in the farmers field effectively. So that the farmers could examine the different climatic conditions from their respective places.

Future of Data TransferData transfer is a must and we face certain constraints while doing this these are-

• Capacity

• Efficiency

• Availability

• Security

Can Light Transfer data????

THAT’S OUR FUTURE !!!