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MetallurgicalMicroscope
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• Metallurgical Microscope is the most important tool for the Metallurgist for observing a microstructure and studying various metals or alloys for their use in engineering applications.
• In contrast to biological microscopes ,this microscope uses the principal reflection of light,which will be due to polished or opaque specimen-surface.
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Types of Metallurgical Microscope
• Optical microscope• Scanning electron microscope(SEM)• Transmission electron microscope(TEM)• Auger electron microscope
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Microscope Vocabulary
•Magnification: increase of an object’s apparent size • Resolution: power to show
details clearly• Both are needed to see a clear
image
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Ocular lensBody Tube
Revolving NosepieceArm
Objective Lens
StageStage Clips
Coarse adjustment knobFine adjustment knob
Base
DiaphragmLight
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Ocular lens
magnifies; where you look through to see the image of your specimen.
They are usually 10X or 15X power. Our microscopes have an ocular lens power of 10x.
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arm
supports the tube and connects it to the base
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stage
the flat platform where you place your slides
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coarse adjustment knob
moves stage (or body tube) up and down
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base
the bottom of the microscope, used for support
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body tube
connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses
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revolving nosepiece
the part that holds two or more objective lenses
and can be rotated toeasily change power
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objective lens
Adds to the magnificationUsually you will find 3 or 4 objective lenses on a microscope. They almost
always consist of 4X, 10X, 40X and 100X powers. When coupled with a 10X (most common)
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objective lenses
The high power objective lenses are retractable (i.e. 40XR). This means that if they hit a slide, the end of the lens will push in (spring loaded) thereby protecting the lens and the slide.
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stage clips
Stage clips hold the slides in place. If your microscope has a mechanical stage, you will be able to move the slide around by turning two knobs. One moves it left and right, the other moves it up and down.
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diaphragm
controls the amount of light going through the specimen
Many microscopes have a rotating disk under the stage. This diaphragm has different sized holes and is used to vary the intensity and size of the cone of light
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light
makes the specimen easier to see
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Construction and Working
• A draw tube carrying eyepiece at its top end slides within the body tube of the Microscope with the help of a rack or pinion arrangement by rotating coarse or fine adjustment knobs.
• Sliding of draw tube within body tube allows varying distance between the eyepiece or objective thus helps focusing of the object.
• Fine adjustment knob helps final focusing of object.
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• The objective located at bottom and of body tube structure of the metal specimen and the eyepiece enlarges the images formed by the objective.
• Eyepiece are available with different magnifying powder such as 5X,10X,15X,etc.,the powder being marked on them.
• The light source inside the side tube of microscope provides illumination for specimen.
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• The light from the source passes through a collimating lens or a diaphragm in a controlled amount.
• The incident light from external light source falls on a plane glass reflector kept at 45 degree.
• The reflected light beam now passes through the objective or plane glass reflector to form the final image.
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• The image created(any magnified by objective) is further magnified by eyepiece lens,the gross magnification being product of the magnification of the objective & eye-lens.
• The usual value of magnification for optical microscope is 2000X.
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REFERENCE:-•BOOKS INDIA PUBLICATION•WIKIPEDIA
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Thank you
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