Laboratory Investigation on the Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Containing Steel Industry Waste

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Prepared & Presented by:

Damyanti G. Badagha

PhD Research Scholar

1. Introduction with literature survey

2. Motivation for the Research

3. Research Methodology

4. Experimental Program

5. Results & Concluding Remarks

6. Acknowledgement

7. References.

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India is the fast developing country having concreteconstruction trend to make different structure, as it is easilyavailable and the workable by unskilled labors.

Concrete is being used for all important structures like dams,towers, water tanks, houses, roadways, and railway sleepersetc.

Long-term behavior of structures has become vital to theeconomies of all nations. Concrete has been the majorinstrument for providing stable and reliable Infrastructure [3].

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At the same time, Environment prevention is pin point for thecivil industry because of cement production. sustainabledevelopment is in demand, because of global warming andCO2 emission.

Rapid growth of advanced technology in various industrialsector are also facing waste disposal problem andenvironmental pollution. In recent research scenario of civilindustry, the worldwide total production of Portland cement isabout 550 million tones, which is widely used in theproduction of concrete.

This production emits the large volumes of CO2 estimates ashigh as 5% of total global man made CO2 emissions, thus itsproduction is responsible factor for global warming andclimate-change. [2]

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As a solution of better performance of structural materialswith environment prevention, steel making industry wastepowder giving better enhanced strength of concrete. [2, 8-10]

This research work introducing the acceptable partialreplacement of the steel waste powder in place of ordinaryPortland cement to minimize environmental pollution due tocement production considering waste disposal solution.

In the concrete making process, pure steel making wasteused in powder form having compositions of SiO2, Al2O3,Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, SO3, Sulphide, Na2O3, K2O, Cl and MnO.Combined effect of these all compositions greatly affected onthe mechanical properties of concrete containing this wastepowder. [11,12]

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In this research work, the effect of steel industry waste in apowder form is examined to produce concrete.

To achieve main objectives of the study, waste was collectedfrom steel industry and grinded in ball mill to producePortland cement sized powder.

The waste powder was examined for chemical and mechanicalinvestigation with cement replacement.

Optimum cement replacement was done with the wastematerial in a powder form to produce desirable concretesolving the problem of waste disposal.

Motivation of the Research

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Research Methodology

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Experimental Program

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Compressive strength testing in lab

Compressive strength testing with supervisor & faculties

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Tensile strength testing in lab

Split tensile test with lab technicians

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2P/πDL = 0.637P/DL

Flexural strength testing in lab with supervisor and faculties

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beams of size 150 mm x 150 mm x 700 mm

Impact strength testing c/s and details

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According to the currentrecommendations of ACICommittee 544, the test isto be carried out bydropping a hammerweighing 44.7 N from aheight of 457 mmrepeatedly on a 63.5 mm-diameter hardened steelball that is placed on thetop of the center of a 15063.5 mm cylindricalconcrete specimen (disc).The steel ball is free tomove vertically within a63.5 mm cylindrical sleeve.

Impact strength testing with Examiner & Supervisor

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Results and Discussion

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Concrete with the optimum waste powder replacementin place of cement experiences a higher rate of flexuralstrength because of homogeneity in the equaldistribution of hydration process in concrete.

Because of enhanced mechanical properties, it isadvisable to use this concept to produce concrete fromwaste material in powder form in place of cement inthe construction industry.

The fresh parameters like slump is good for concretecontaining waste compare to conventional concreteeven after 90 minutes so it is beneficial to use thisconcrete as Ready mix concrete.

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The impact energy is absorption of this concrete isbetter that it can be use for the importantstructures which can be safeguard against impactor blast.

The production of cement generates one ton ofCO2 in environment for each ton of cement, so it isadvisable to use waste as cement replacement. Itsaves the environment as well as the naturalrecourses.

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The waste material reduces the cost compare toconventional concrete as cement replacement isdone by waste powder which is cheap andeconomical compare to cement as the cost ofcement is 5times higher than the waste.

The concept of waste utilization as cementreplacement is economical, feasible as it improvesthe strengths and beneficial to environment as itreduce CO2 emission by minimizing cementconsumption which makes it a sustainable solutionfor the construction industry.

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The authors would like to acknowledge the Department ofScience and Technology, GujCOST for funding this researchwork.

The author would also like to thank the Applied MechanicsDepartment, S.V.N.I.T. for providing infrastructural facilitiesincluding experimental setup for the successful execution ofwork.

Sincere gratitude towards Ultra Tech Cement Plant, Magdallaand Essar steel Hazira for sharing their knowledge and helpregarding materials for successful execution of this research.

Gratitude towards organizing and technical reviewercommittee of 33rd National Convention of Civil Engineers,Ahmedabad to give us opportunity to present paper

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ACI Committee 544.2R-89. Measurement of properties of fiberreinforced concrete, Detroit: American concrete institute. 1989

Ellis Gartner, Industrially interesting approaches to “low-CO 2”cements, Cement and Concrete Research, 2004, 34, 1489–1498

Hassan, A.A.A.; Lachemi, M.; Hossain, K.M.A. Durability of self-consolidating concrete containing metakaolin. In Proceedings ofthe 6th International RILEM Symposium on Self-CompactingConcrete and the 4th North American Conference on the Designand Use of SCC, Montreal, QC, Canada, 26–29 September 2010;pp. 1081–1089.

Indian Standard, IS 12269:2013. : Ordinary Portland Cement, 53Grade - Specifications. Bureau of Indian Standard, 2013

Indian Standard, IS 383:1970. : Specification for Coarse and FineAggregate from Natural Sources for concrete. Bureau of IndianStandard, 2002

Indian Standard, IS 516:1959. : Methods of Tests for Strength ofConcrete. Bureau of Indian Standard, 2004

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IS 5816:1999 Indian Standard "Splitting tensile strength of concrete -method of test", Bureau of Indian Standard, July 1959

Juan M. Manso, Angel Rodriguez, Angel Aragon a, Javier J. Gonzalez, Thedurability of masonary mortar made with ladle furnace slag,Construction and Building Materials 2011, 25, 3508–351

Luciano Senff, Dachamir Hotza, Wellington L. Repette, Victor M. Ferreira,Joao A. Labrincha, Mortars with nano-SiO2 and micro-SiO2 investigatedby experimental design, Construction and Building Materials, 2010, 24,1432–1437

O. Burciaga-Díaz, M.R. Díaz-Guillén, A.F. Fuentes, J.I. Escalante-Garcia,Mortars of alkali-activated blast furnace slag with high aggregate: binderratios, Construction and Building Materials, 2013, 44, 607–614

Vladimir G. Haach, GraçaVasconcelos, Paulo B. Lourenço, Influence ofaggregate grading and water/cement ratio in workabilities and hardenedproperties of mortar, Construction and Building Materials, 2011, 25,2980–2987

Wen-Ten Kuo, Shyh-Haur Chen, Her-Yung Wang, Jhan-Cyue Lin, A studyon the mechanical and electricity properties of cement mortar addedwith GGBFS and piezoelectric powder, Construction and BuildingMaterials, 2013, 49, 251–256

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