Indian power sector challanges for emission norms

Emission Control To meet the New

Environmental Norms and Meet New

Water Consumption boben.anto@iup-services.com

boben.anto@indiapower.com.

India Uniper Power Services Private Limited

Normal Process Flow

Model analysis

Process flow diagram to Meet Environmental Norms

New Environmental Norms In India place emission limits similar to those in the US and Europe

New Norms for NOx limits

Flue Gas Desulphurisation

NOx control

• In order to meet the 100 mg/Nm3 standard, Indian plants will have to utilize Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) to achieve compliance. However, plants required to achieve the 300 mg/Nm3 standard can potentially attain this through a combination of in furnace, combustion controls and SNCR technology.

• Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) refers to a technology that is a proven and effective method to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from coal-fired power plants. The technology injects ammonia into the flue gas and reduces NOx in the presence of a catalyst

• SNCR refers to injecting a reagent such as urea into the furnace flue gas in an appropriate temperature window to lower Nox

• Non-catalytic technologies such as Low NOx burners, Over fire Air and SNCR systems

• All the above technology yet to prove in High ash content ,low calorific Indian coal of Big furnace sizes- Chocking of APH is one of the major issue

NOx reduction

• The effective temperature for reduction of NOx through a SCR catalyst is in the range of 200°C to 400°C - and for SNCR to be effective, the ammonia injection and reduction needs to be in the range of 900°C to 1100°C

• What helps to reduce NOx will drive up CO, and vice versa

• Settings for best NOx and CO may yield a slight reduction in Boiler Efficiency

• An act, process, or methodology of making something (as a design, system, or decision) as fully perfect, functional, or effective as possible; specifically: the mathematical procedures (as finding the maximum of a function)

Projection of water requirements

Make up % based on COC

EPRI guide lines for cooling water

Three mega-trends are shaping the energy landscape - digitalization, decarbonisation

and decentralization

• Digitalization is opening up new possibilities and changing how the power system functions. It is altering how electricity is used, how power is generated and supplied, and how the plants and systems for generation, transport, distribution and storage are built.

• Decarbonisation is about climate, but also about primary fuel supplies and electrification

• Decentralization. As industries change and the distribution of power consumption trends towards a growing number of smaller economic hubs, there is less need for large central power stations. In their place, expect to see an increase in small-scale generation. And this is fueling innovation, from energy storage to smart meters and beyond

• The three Ds - digitalization, decarbonisation and decentralization - it can shift to a flexible, sustainable and reliable model that works for all, and enable new industrial models of the future.