Automation-PLC

SUBMITTED BY:-PALLAVI PANDEYTHAPAR UNIVERSITY

SIX WEEKS TRAINING

INDUSTRIALAUTOMATION

HISTORY OF INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

Manual Control

Pneumatic Control Electronic

System

Hard wired logic

System

PLC

AUTOMATION DEPENDS ON:-

INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

SOFTWARE CONTROLSCADA

HARDWARE CONTROL

PLC/DCSFIELD

INSTRUMENTSMOTOR,RELAYS,

SENSORS

REAL TIME SYSTEM

Monitors input and take decision based on its program and control output to

automate a process.

PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER(PLC)

INPUT PLC OUTPUT

IMPORTANCE OF PLC:-Large number of input & output ports are available.PLC’S can withstand vibration, temperature, humidity & noise.It is programmed using Ladder diagrams and no programming

language is required.Large current driving ability- 24VDC whereas 5VDC is

available in microcontroller.Already interfaced I/P & O/P are available inside a PLC.Easier and faster to make changes.Trouble shooting aids make programming easier and reduce

downtime.Reliable components make these likely to operate for years

before failure.

PLC COMPONENTS:-POWER SUPPLY:-24VDC,220 V AC, 110VACCOMMUNICATION-RS 232,DH(485)

DIRECT40 Feet max.Ex- RS232

INDIRECT4000 FeetEx- RS232-RS485

INPUT MODULEDIGITAL INPUTSL:- Switches,Push ButtonsANALOG INPUTS:- 4-20mA,0-10V Pressure, Temprature etc.

PLC

OUTPUT MODULE:- i) DIGITAL OUTPUT:- Lamps, Alarms etc. ii) ANALOG OUTPUT:-Control valve, Drives etc.PROCESSOR:- CPU i)User Memory ii)Storage Memory:- RAM, ROM ,EEPROM etc.TYPES OF PLC:- i) Compact ii) Modular

Leading Brands Of PLC

AMERICAN 1. Allen Bradley

2. Gould Modicon

3. Texas Instruments

4. General Electric

5. Westinghouse

6. Cutter Hammer

7. Square D

EUROPEAN 1. Siemens

2. Klockner & Mouller

3. Festo

4. Telemechanique

Languages Used in PLCLadder LogicFBD-Functional Block DiagramSFC-Sequence Flow ChartSTC-Structural Text Language IL-Instruction List

PHASE 2Program

Execution

PHASE 3Diagnostics/

Comm

PHASE 4Output

Scan

PHASE 1Read Inputs

Scan

By ROCKWELL AUTOMATION(USA Company)Communication Software :-RS Linx Classic

Programming Software:- RS Linx Micro English

PLC Used – Micrologix 1000

PICOMICROSLCPLCLogix Sereis

ALLEN BRADLY

TYPES

PLC PROGRAMMING-LADDER LOGIC

NORMALLY OPEN(NO)

NORMALLY CLOSE(NC) OUTPU

TRUNG IN PARALLEL

ADRESSING MODES:-

MODULAR PLC

COMPACT PLC

File type File number : Slot number . Word Number/ Bit No.

ANALOG

INPUT- I1:3.0OUTPUT- O0:3.0

INPUT- I1:0.0OUTPUT- O0:0.0

DIGITAL

INPUT- I1:1.0/2OUTPUT- O0:1.0/1

INPUT- I1:0.0/0OUTPUT- O0:0.0/1

ADVANCE INSTRUCTIONS :-i) Latch Unlatch Commandii) One Shot Rise(OSR)iii) Compute/Math (Add, Sub, Math, Divide, SQR, NEG, TOD, FRD)iv) Move Logical (MVM)v) Gates (AND, OR, NOT, EXOR)vi) Program Control (JMP & LBL)vii) Temporary End (TND)viii) Compare (MOV, NEQ, LES, GRT, LEQ, GRQ)ix) Timer/ Counters (UP, DOWN, TON, TOFF, RES)

AUTOMATIC PARKING :-

PARKING Max. 10 Cars

IN OUT

Design an automatic parking place having a maximum seats for 10 cars. The gate should automatically open if there are less than 10 cars in the parking but it should not open if space is full.

INTERLOCKING

A1

A2

A1

A2

C1

C2

START 1 START 2

STOP 1

STOP 2

AUX NC2

AUX NC1

AUX NO1

AUX NO2

Star Delta Starter- Control Circuit

PROJECT

SEQUENCE CONTROL OF MOTORS

AIM of the Project:- To obtain the motors working in a particular pattern/Logic sequence.

Apparatus Used:- PLC (Allen Bradley) MicroLogix1000, Power Supply, Wires, Electromagnetic Relay.

DIAGRAM:- EM RELAY

M1M2M3M4

MOTORS

L

N

NO 1

NO 2

NO 3

NO 4

M1

M2

M3

M4

0

I/0

I/3

I/2

I/1

V DCDCCOM

O/0

O/1

O/2

O/3

24V DC

24V DC

O1

O2

O3

O4

WIRING OF PLC

PLC

CONSISTS OF THREE PARTS:-

1) POWER SUPPLY:-For converting 220V AC into 24V DC ( required by the PLC )

2) RELAY :-For supplying 220V AC to the LED or Motor.

3) PLC :- It works as controller which controls the instruments according

to the programming done by the user. It acts as the main brain or controller. The PLC used here is MicroLogix1000. The sequence of motors is

1 0 1 11 1 1 01 1 1 10 1 1 1

USES OF SEQUECE CONTROL OF MOTORS:-i) Used in Food Factory.ii) Used in manufacturing Plants.iii) Used in Construction Work.

N7 :0– Integer acts as source.N7:9- Used for masking.N7:10- Used for storing the result.

ROLE OF PLC ININSTRUMENTATION & CONTROLInstrumentation and control engineering is about measurement and

control. It deals with development of new control devices, manufacturing facilities and plants.

Its about gathering data & changing field parameters to obtain the best possible output.

Instrumentation and Control is about MEASUREMENT, CONTROL AND AUTOMATION.

PLC is actually the best controller.

Ex-PLC IN PROCESS CONTROL:-

Time in Minutes

Temp.

rise

Holding Temp.

rise

Holding

PLC Controlled Process

Ideal Process

Process End

Process Start

Y2

Y1

0 X1X2 X3 X4Time in Minutes

0 X1X2 X3 X4

Y2

Temp.

rise

Holding Temp.

rise

Holding

Process End

Conventional Process

Ideal Process

Tem

pera

ture

(in

Deg

.C.)

Process Start

Y1