Waves

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Types of Waves

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Types of Waves–Longitudinal Wave

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Types of Waves

–Transverse Wave

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Crest and Trough

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Amplitude

• Maximum distance the wave vibrates from its rest position.

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• Which one of these waves has a larger amplitude?

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Wavelength (λ)• The distance from any point on

one wave to that same point on the next wave.

λ

λ

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• Which one of these waves has a larger wavelength (λ)?

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Frequency (f)• The number of waves (or cycles)

produced in a given amount of time–One vibration per second = one hertz – 1Hz

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• Which one of these waves has a higher frequency?

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• f = 1/TFrequency and Period are reciprocals of each other.

v = f λThe velocity of a wave equals the wavelength times the

frequency.

λ = v TThe wavelength of a wave equals the velocity times the

period.

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Reflections

Loose End – In Phase Reflection

Fixed End – Out of Phase Reflection

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Reflected and Transmitted

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Refraction

• Refraction is the bending of waves when they enter a medium where their speed is different.

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Refraction

• Waves passing from one medium to another have the same frequency.

• The wavelength change depends on velocity change so that

– f = v/λ is constant.