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Systems Tend toward Low Energy States
This high potential energy state is “unstable.”
What will happen if the triangular block is removed?
Systems Tend toward Low Energy StatesHigh potential energy state
Low potential energy state
Unstable high energy state tends to change to low energy, and give off light, heat or other energy
Now oppositely charged particles attract
Attractive Force
Separate, these charges are at high potential energy
They will reduce energy by coming together
Identically charged particles repel
Repulsive Force
Together, these charges are at high potential energy
They will reduce energy by separating
Now we can discuss how electron pairs arrange
themselves around the nucleus
What do you think controls their position?
They will take the positions that produce the lowest
potential energy
Remember, the electrons in their orbitals are attracted to the
nucleus.That means they can
swing around the nucleus like spokes on a pivot
Remember, the electrons in their orbitals are attracted to the
nucleus.
Electrons attracted to the nucleus may move around the nucleus, but will always stay
close to it
Let's look at how two electron pairs would swing around the nucleus
If we position them at 90º angles, they swing away
from each other
Let's look at how two electron pairs would swing around the nucleus
Does it make sense that they would
get as far away from
each other as possible?
Two electron centers would be at lowest energy at a 180 degree angle
So they would
vibrate about an angle of
180º
Let's experiment with two, three and four electron pairs
The purpose of the investigation is to find out what angles to expect the
electron pairs to make with each other.
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