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INTRODUCTION TO HIGH INTRODUCTION TO HIGH FREQUENCY STRUCTURE FREQUENCY STRUCTURE

SIMULATORSIMULATOR

BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND• Introduced from 90sIntroduced from 90s

• Simulation tool for complex 3 D geometriesSimulation tool for complex 3 D geometries

• Using Finite Element MethodUsing Finite Element Method

• Adaptive Mesh generation & refinementAdaptive Mesh generation & refinement

• 2 Main Vendors—Agilent & Ansoft2 Main Vendors—Agilent & Ansoft

• Merger from May 1Merger from May 1

• Transfer to Ansoft HFSS after Nov. 1, 2001Transfer to Ansoft HFSS after Nov. 1, 2001

REQUIREMENT & RESOURCESREQUIREMENT & RESOURCES

• HFSS consume tremendous memory if fine result is neededHFSS consume tremendous memory if fine result is needed

• 300M+ Memory and 400M+ processor is recommended300M+ Memory and 400M+ processor is recommended

• Floating License Key within ECEWIN2K subnetFloating License Key within ECEWIN2K subnet

• Remote access to new Scully which has 1 G RAMBUS400 Memory and 1.7G Remote access to new Scully which has 1 G RAMBUS400 Memory and 1.7G

P4 processorP4 processor

AGILENT HFSSAGILENT HFSS

ANSOFT HFSSANSOFT HFSS

FEATURES(1)FEATURES(1)

• Computes s-parameters and full-wave fields for arbitrarily-shaped 3D passive Computes s-parameters and full-wave fields for arbitrarily-shaped 3D passive

structuresstructures

• Powerful drawing capabilities to simplify design entryPowerful drawing capabilities to simplify design entry

• Field solving engine with accuracy-driven adaptive solutionsField solving engine with accuracy-driven adaptive solutions

• Powerful post-processor for unprecedented insight into electrical Powerful post-processor for unprecedented insight into electrical

performanceperformance

FEATURES(2)FEATURES(2)

• Advanced materialsAdvanced materials

• Model Library-including spiral inductorsModel Library-including spiral inductors

• Model half, quarter, or octet symmetry Model half, quarter, or octet symmetry

• Calculate far-field patternsCalculate far-field patterns

• Wideband fast frequency sweepWideband fast frequency sweep

• Create parameterized cross section models- 2D models Create parameterized cross section models- 2D models

APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS

• AntennasAntennas

• Microwave transitionsMicrowave transitions

• Waveguide componentsWaveguide components

• RF filtersRF filters

• Three-dimensional discontinuitiesThree-dimensional discontinuities

• Passive circuit elementsPassive circuit elements

PROCEDURE TO SIMULATEPROCEDURE TO SIMULATE

1.1. Open or Make new projectOpen or Make new project

2.2. Draw objectsDraw objects

3.3. Assign material propertyAssign material property

4.4. Define boundary conditionsDefine boundary conditions

5.5. SolveSolve

6.6. Display resultDisplay result

NEW PROJECTNEW PROJECT

PROJECT PREFERENCESPROJECT PREFERENCES

DRAWING BASICSDRAWING BASICS

DRAWING LINES & 2 D DRAWING LINES & 2 D OBJECTSOBJECTS

DRAWING 3 D OBJECTSDRAWING 3 D OBJECTS

OBJECT LIBRARYOBJECT LIBRARY

EDITING OBJECTSEDITING OBJECTS

MATERIALSMATERIALS

METAL & RESISTOR METAL & RESISTOR

BOUNDARIESBOUNDARIES

BOUNDARY CONDITIONSBOUNDARY CONDITIONS

ADD A BOUNDARYADD A BOUNDARY

DISPLAY BOUNDARYDISPLAY BOUNDARY

CALIBRATING PORTSCALIBRATING PORTS

SOLVESOLVE

FREQUENCY & MESHINGFREQUENCY & MESHING

DISPLAYING RESULTSDISPLAYING RESULTS

S MATRIXS MATRIX

PLOT FIELDPLOT FIELD

RESULT COMPARISONRESULT COMPARISON• r=8.5; Hsub=625 um; W=150um; G=75 umr=8.5; Hsub=625 um; W=150um; G=75 um

@10G Theoretical

HFSS

L=100 um

0.04 nH 0.05 nH

L=300 um

0.12 nH 0.13 nH

L=600 um

0.24 nH 0.24 nH

L=800 um

0.33 nH 0.31 nH

00

0

L

L

Z jZ Tan LZ Z

Z jZ Tan L

---Theoretical Equation

FINITE ELEMENT METHODFINITE ELEMENT METHOD

Tetrahedron

IMPEDANCE CONCEPTIMPEDANCE CONCEPT

• Zpi, Zpv & ZviZpi, Zpv & Zvi

• Microstrips use Zpi impedanceMicrostrips use Zpi impedance

• Slot-type (CPW) use Zpv impedanceSlot-type (CPW) use Zpv impedance

• TEM waves use Zvi impedanceTEM waves use Zvi impedance

*

2 1; ;

2

PZpi P ExHds I Hdl

I I

*

2

V VZpv

P

Zvi Zpi Zpv

PROJECTS WITH HFSSPROJECTS WITH HFSS• Microstrip Line to Waveguide TransitionMicrostrip Line to Waveguide Transition

EM FIELD OF THE TRANSITIONEM FIELD OF THE TRANSITION

WAVEGUIDE COMBINER WAVEGUIDE COMBINER SYSTEMSYSTEM

SLOTLINE ANTENNASLOTLINE ANTENNA

BONDING WIRE BONDING WIRE DISCONTINUITYDISCONTINUITY

PACKAGING FOR CPW LINESPACKAGING FOR CPW LINES

FIELD PLOTFIELD PLOT

USEFUL LINKSUSEFUL LINKS

• http://www.ansoft.com

• http://dutettq.et.tudelft.nl/~hfss/welcome.html

• http://wwwinfo.cern.ch/ce/ae/Maxwell/index.html

• Documents for HP HFSS is in “Scully”Documents for HP HFSS is in “Scully”

c:/Otherprg/hfss/docc:/Otherprg/hfss/doc

REFERENCESREFERENCES

• HP High-Frequency Structure Simulator User’s ReferenceHP High-Frequency Structure Simulator User’s Reference

• HP High-Frequency Structure Simulator TutorialHP High-Frequency Structure Simulator Tutorial