V3 Of Casey Ec Sig 27 5 08

Going Open CETIS EC SIG 27/5/08

http://trustdr.ulster.ac.uk/

Distributed under a Creative Commons License - Attribution 2.5 UK: ScotlandAuthors John Casey, Jackie Proven, David Dripps

http://www.jorum.ac.uk/

• Institutional? Individual? Free? Why? Who Pays?

Benefits? Ownership? Quality? Value? Long-term?

• What is the role of content in learning and teaching

anyway?

• What goes on at present (uncharted)?

• How do teachers find, assess and reuse resources

(uncharted)?

• If Open is a move away from traditional teaching models

– then what is 'traditional'?

What is it about sharing...?

A JISC-sponsored national online repository• learning resources for UK (HE/FE) • managed jointly by EDINA and Mimas, the two JISC national

academic data centres

Part of JISC’s key strategic aims: • infrastructure for L&T materials; • support and promotion of the effective use of ICT for L&T • international internet environment that provides universal access to

suitable content on a sustainable, affordable basis.

About Jorum

A Conservative Start• Interoperability• Supply side led• A keep-safe for outputs from JISC-funded project

activity, • The new licensing regimes for ‘open’ sharing were in

their infancy• there was also a degree of risk aversion with regard to

IPR in the sector – resulted in a complicated licence regime.

Jorum Past

User Focus• Engage with the ‘open access’ agenda to foster the

creation and re-use of learning materials and ensure long-term of access

• The reduction of current transaction costs• A more explicit acceptance and management of risks. • To be a user-centered service to support sharing and

reuse in the long-term, • To be a quick, easy to use, reliable, and which

provides access to useful functions and tools

Jorum Future

Three licensing regimes – they will all be user-to-user licences:

• JorumOpen – for content whose creators and owners who are willing and are able to share their content on a worldwide basis under the terms of a Creative Commons (CC) licence (and similar).

• Jorum Education UK – for content whose creators and owners

prefer to and are able to share their resources with the UK education sector (with initial focus on the UK HE, FE, and research sectors), under a licence based on the CC BY-NC licence.

• JorumPlus – for content having more restricted terms and conditions In the first instance this will include materials deposited into Jorum under the previous HEFCE licence.

Jorum LIcences

• Brand Reputation and Reach (e.g. MIT,Rice)

• Part of a process change in Teaching (Individual to

Team)

• Efficiency - find, reuse, adapt materials

• Quality - concentrate on teaching not content

creation

• Reduction in transactions costs (finding, rights,

risk, managing, sustainable)

Why Open?

• Our stuff is worth a lot• Really?• Where do you think the value is?• Some Educational Fundamentals...• 3 step model of HE teaching (Ramsden)

I. Content deliveryII.Organising Student ActivityIII.Reflective Practitioner

• Content as the raw material in teaching & learning• Where’s the value now?• Value is in the process - not the things or stuff….

Objections - The Value Argument

• Sharing to Support Process Change

• Changing the Teaching Model (to team)

• Context - Flexible Delivery (time, space, pace,

content)

• New teaching Skills

• New Design Skills

• New Socio/Tech/Info/Media Skills (for teachers…&

students!)

• Moving e-learning on from its current position...

Implications

• E-Learning/Flexible learning best understood as part of a changing model of teaching:• From individual to team teaching• From ‘my course’ to ‘our course’• From ‘my stuff’ to ‘our stuff’• Greater reuse and sharing of materials • More time spent in the design phase to improve

quality and efficiency• Contested visions? • Concentration on technology – because it's easier?

E-learning as Process Change #1

E-learning as Process Change #2

Future Practice(sustainable)

Current Practice(subsistence)

Really About Process Change - think of IPR as an enabler

IPR Acts as a ‘lightening conductor’ to bring to the surface many difficult issues:

– ownership

– power

– control

– Status

Only a problem if you let it

Goes to the heart of things!

But IPR is THE PROBLEM!

Image by Christopher Hollishttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Lightning_strike_in_Tampa_Florida_(modified).jpg

• Confusion, lack of awareness, poor practice, contradictory policy and risk aversion currently dominate thinking about this subject at all levels –

particularly amongst senior management

• There is a need for clarity and leadership in this area

The Current IPR Landscape in Education

• A a traditional model of teaching is projected onto e-learning – individual, relatively isolated from peers, low levels of sharing

and reuse, a lack of involvement from senior management, pre-digital attitudes to publishing. Greatly exaggerated value of content.

The Political Economy of E-Learning

Main obstacles are philosophical, pedagogical, political, and organisational - the technical issues are comparatively minor

Concentration on technical issues is a ‘displacement activity’

Tradition, dominant groups and vested interests delay and obstruct new knowledge (Kuhn, 1996)

Discussing Open Can Have Useful Side-Effects...

References, Guides & Provenances

van der Klink, M., & Jochems, W. (2004) Management and organisation of integrated e-learning in Integrated E-Learning: implications for pedagogy, technology and organisation, Jochems, W., van Merriënboer, J., and Koper, R., Routledge & Falmer, London,

Pollock, N. & Cornford, J. 2000. Theory and Practice of the Virtual University: report on UK universities use of new technologies. In ARIADNE issue 24. http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue24/virtual-universities/

Twigg, C (2005) Keynote Summary: Improving Learning and Reducing Costs - New Models for Online Learning in the ALT-C 2005 conference, ALT-C, UK. http://www.alt.ac.uk/altc2005/keynotes.html#carol

Twigg, C. (2002) Improving Quality & Reducing Costs, The Observatory on Borderless Higher Education.

Goodyear, P., et al (2001) Effective Networked Learning in Higher Education: Notes and Guidelines, by The Centre for Studies in Advanced Learning Technology Lancaster University Commissioned by JISC and available at http://csalt.lancs.ac.uk/jisc/guidelines.htm

Friesen, N. (2004) Three Objections to Learning Objects and E-Learning Standards. In McGreal, R. (Ed.) Online Education Using Learning Objects. London: Routledge. Pp. 59-70. Draft version online at: http://www.learningspaces.org/n/papers/objections.html

Ramsden, P. 1991. Learning to Teach in Higher Education, Routledge, London

Laurillard, D. (2002) Rethinking University Teaching. London: Routledge.

Casey, J., Wilson, P., 2006, A Practical Guide to Providing Flexible Learning in Further and Higher Education, Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education Scotland Committee, Glasgow, 2006 (in print - due to be published Spring 2006)

Kuhn, T. 1996 The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University of Chicago Press.

Casey, J. (2004) Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in networked e-learning: a beginners guide for content developers. JISC Legal Information. Available at http://www.jisclegal.ac.uk/publications/johncasey_1.htm [Accessed 14.04.06]

Casey, J. and MacAlpine, M. (2002) Writing and Using Re-useable Educational Materials: a beginners guide, CETIS Educational Content Special Interest group {Online} www.cetis.ac.uk/educational-content

References, Guides & Provenances

PicturesOstrich:

Ostrich Photo:

http://www.flickr.com/photo_zoom.gne?id=447602329&size=o

By Stavros Markopoulos

http://www.flickr.com/people/markop/

Rights to to use - Under an Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 Generic Licence More at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/

Donkey:

http://www.flickr.com/photo_zoom.gne?id=47422069&size=m

By moose.boy / Moose G.

http://www.flickr.com/people/alces/

Rights to to use - Under an Attribution 2.0 Generic Licence

Licence terms at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/

References, Guides & Provenances

Map of Samoa from the University of Texas at Austin collection of maps – free to use and adapt

Lightening Image by Christopher Hollis under a CC ‘BY’ licencehttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Lightning_strike_in_Tampa_Florida_(modified).jpg

Clip Art from Microsoft Word

All other images by the TrustDR Project

References, Guides & Provenances