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φιλοξενία
refugees people who are outside their country of nationality and have ‘’a well-founded fear of persecution People fleeing conflicts or generalized violence
migrantsomeone who makes a free decision to move to another region or country, often to better material or social conditions
asylum-seekersomeone who has made a claim that he or she is a refugee, and is waiting for that claim to be accepted or rejected. Some asylum seekers will be recognized as refugees
irregular migrantsomeone who does not hold the required legal status or travel documents to enter or remain in a country
unaccompanied minorgirls and boys under 18 years of age, of foreign origin, who are separated from both parents and are not being cared for by an adult who by law or by custom is responsible for doing so. Unaccompanied minors can be either refugees, asylum seekers or migrants
tErms
gEneral mIgration tRends
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
mAjor oRigin cOuntries
eU pOlicy
fRontex coordination of intelligence driven operational cooperation at EU level to strengthen security at external borders
or
the eU bOdyguard
main objective of the authorities is the protection of the EU borders and not the protection of refugees
a tougher bodyguard = more dangerous border crossing, since they won’t stop coming
eU pOlicy
fRontex coordination of intelligence driven operational cooperation at EU level to strengthen security at external borders
or
the eU bOdyguard
eNtry into the eU
2007 2008
80% of the overall number of detections in GreeceItalySpain
bOrder cRossing points
2007 2008 bOrder cRossing points
detections at the Greek sea and land borders = 50 % of the EU total
20% increase compared to 2007, due to higher detections in Italy
Greece
eNtry into gReece
eNtry into gReece
poor living conditions, severe overcrowdinginsufficient hygiene/ sanitation facilities human rights are being violatedno identification, no processingno interpretersno legal advisorsno trained personnelslow proceduresvulnerable groups receive the same treatment
at the bOrders
everyone is arrested and given a deportation order, regardless their need for protectionkept in detention centers for unknown period of timewhen the center is overcrowded, they are set free unprocessed with an obligation to leave the country in 30 days
mIxed population
1951 gEneva cOnvention uNiversal dEclaration of hUman
rIghts
not be detained or penalizedenjoy fundamental human rightsreceive all necessary assistance
food/ shelter/sanitary & health facilities
treated as persons whose situation requires special understanding
no racial/ religious/political/national discrimination
considered as persons before the lawfamily unity should be respected
special attention to vulnerable groups
poor living conditions, severe overcrowdinginsufficient hygiene/ sanitation facilities human rights are being violatedno identification, no processingno interpretersno legal advisorsno trained personnelslow proceduresvulnerable groups receive the same treatment
at the bOrders
not be detained or penalizedenjoy fundamental human rightsreceive all necessary assistance
food/ shelter/sanitary & health facilities
treated as persons whose situation requires special understanding
no racial/ religious/political/national discrimination
considered as persons before the lawillegally detained first degree asylum decision on police departments throughout the country
if yes (0.01% chance), a/s set free with the pink cardif no (99.99% chance), a/s is deported, ignoring the non- refoulement principle, unless he/she manages to appeal in Athens, a difficult and expensive procedure
aSylum sEekerswhen sEt fRee
those who wish to apply in greeceare concentrated mainly in Athens live under very poor conditionsare exploitation victims (labor, sexual etc)remain in the country for unknown –usually long – periods of time
those who wish to apply in another eu countryare trying to avoid arrest and processing in the countryare concentrated near main departure location, ports and airports (Patra, Igoumenitsa, Pireas etc)are trying to illegally leave the country through dangerous attemptslive under very poor conditionsare often trafficking victims
who hAve aPpliedaSylum sEekers
are housed in reception centers for a/s, for unknown period of time varying from several weeks to 7 years, pending for the decision
location Responsible body Maximum capacity
groups
Lavrio Greek red cross 320 mixedSperchiada Greek red cross 110 FamiliesAspropyrgos ELINAS / NGO 130 mixedAthens – Iolaos Greek Council for
Refugees / NGO11 Psychiatric cases
Athens– Ios Voluntary project of Athens / NGO
25 3 (4- or 5-member) families and 10 men
Athens – Stegi program
PRAKSIS / NGO 20 Mixed
Thessaloniki Social Solidarity / NGO 90 70 for families and single women20 for unaccompanied minors
Anogia (Crete) National Youth Foundation
25 unaccompanied minors
Makrinitsa (Pilio) ARSIS / NGO 30 (+5) unaccompanied minors
Athens ARSIS / NGO 10 unaccompanied minors
Sum 776
at the bOrders
not be detained or penalizedenjoy fundamental human rightsreceive all necessary assistance
food/ shelter/sanitary & health facilities
treated as persons whose situation requires special understanding
no racial/ religious/political/national discrimination
considered as persons before the lawfamily unity should be respected
special attention to vulnerable groups
illegally detainedset free unprocessedmost people have a deportation order, which is rarely enforcedvulnerable groups receive the same treatment
nOn-a/s & rest mIgrantswhen sEt fRee
are scattered throughout the countrylive under very poor conditionshave no identityare exploitation victims (labor, sexual etc)remain in the country for unknown –usually long – periods of timeauthorities have the least data about them
gEneral pOpulation tRend
eventually most people remain illegally in the country in this iN-bEtween place and timenO social/ financial/ legal/ labor rights
cUrrent iNfrastructure
mixed populationdiasporapoor living conditionsno identityno rightsexploitation victims no time limit
oLd-comers
nEw-comers
mixed populationdetained
need for immediate aidpoor living conditions
human rights violationno identity
no rightsexploitation victims
no time limit
lOcation
pEople
With own cultural background
With given character and potential
by what means can they coexist with no iDentity lOss
pOtential
nEeds
climate/ resources/ energy potential/ geomorphology/ vernacular architecture
survival during border crossing, protection against arrest/ maltreatment/ detention
protection against discriminationbasic human rights assurance
proper accommodation proper food/ hygiene/ sanitation
proper identification & processingcall it sPatial
sOme tHoughts
lIghthouse for lAmpedusa/ by artist Thomas Kilpper‘A lighthouse with a maximum strength beam can provide essential orientation at sea and help to reduce the danger to life’
detention centers are illegal
a bridge project?
gReek/ tUrkish border interpreted differently
a bridge project?
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