The interaction hypothesis

THE INTERACTION HYPOTHESIS

THESE PEOPLE ARGUED ABOUT INTERACTION HYPOTESIS

EVELIN HATCH (1978)MICHEL LONG (1983, 1996)TERESA PICA (1994)SUSAN GASS (1997)

IN THE ORIGINAL FORMULATION OF THE INETARCTION HYPOTESIS, LONG INFERRED THAT MODIFY INTERACTION IS NECESSARY FOR LANGUAGE ACQUISITION, SUMMARIZING THE RELATIONSHIP AS FOLLOWS:

INTERACTIONAL MODIFICATION MAKES INPUT COMPREHENSIBLE.

COMPREHENSIBLE INPUT PROMOTES ACQUISITION.

INTERACTIONAL MODIFICATION PROMOTES ACQUISITION.

MODIFIED INTERACTION DOES NOT ALWAYS INVOLVE LINGUISTIC SIMPLIFICATION. IT MAY ALSO INCLUDE ELABORATION, SLOWER SPEECH RATE, GESTURE, OR THE PROVISION OF ADDITIONAL CONTEXTUAL CUES.

SOME EXAMPLES OF THESES CONVERSATIONAL MODIFICATION ARE:

EFFORTS BY THE NATIVE SPEAKER TO ENSURE THAT THE LEARNER HAS UNDERSTOOD.

COMPREHENSION CHECKS

CLARIFICATION REQUEST

EFFORTS BY THE LEARNER TO GET THE NATIVE SPEAKER TO CLARIFY SOMETHING THAT HAS NOT BEEN UNDERSSTOOD.

SELF REPETITION OR PARAPHRASE

THE NATIVE SPEAKER REPEATS HIS OR HER SENTENCE EITHER PARCIALLY OR IN ITS ENTIRETY.