Statistics final presentation

In the name of Allah The most In the name of Allah The most Beneficent and the most Merciful Beneficent and the most Merciful

““STATISTICS & INFERENCE REPORT”

Analysis on Reliable ISP in Karachi

Submitted to: Submitted to:

Sir Rizwan Farooqui

Submitted by: Submitted by: WAHID JILANI 55301 M. KHIZER HAYAT 55588 MIRZA ATIF BAIG 55383 FAHAD SEHGAL 55540 MUHAMMAD MUDASSIR 55368 MUHAMMAD MOHSIN 55349

PTCL Broadband is the largest and the fastest growing Broadband service in Pakistan. Since its launch on 19th May 2007, PTCL has acquired 730,000 Broadband customers in over 1000 cities and towns across Pakistan, leading the proliferation and awareness of Broadband services across Pakistan.

Wateen Telecom delivers complete solutions for Internet, Voice, Multimedia and Enterprise Solutions that make it the most comprehensive provider for all of Pakistan’s communication necessities. An Abu Dhabi Group venture, Wateen’s vision is to take Pakistan into the digital revolution of the 21st Century and to make Pakistan a regional communications hub, connecting the East with the West and Central Asia with the Middle East.

WorldCall Telecom Limited (WTL), an Oman Telecommunications Company (Omantel), is the most reliable and unique telecom and multimedia service provider in Pakistan.

WorldCall launched its business in June 1996 with payphone operations.

OBJECTIVESTUDY ABOUT THE RELIABILITY OF

INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS (ISP’s)IN KARACHI

Reliability depends on many factors. For ISP company, it depends on:

• Goodwill of the company in the market, • Fast speed of internet at low/ affordable charges with consistent connectivity and satisfied customer services, etc.

For our study we asked Ten (10) Questions related to user choices, preferences and facilities which they often demand from any ISP.The data was collected by using Facebook. Following are the Questions which help us to identify the most Reliable ISP.

1) Gender2) Age3) If you have an offer to get DSL (or Internet) connection, which company

connection would you prefer ? 4) How much Speed you will prefer?5) How much maximum amount would you like to pay? 6) Which type payment mode would you like to pay (post pay or prepay)7) How many hours you use internet in a week? 8) How many computers or devices would you like to use?9) Would you like to recommend your DSL connection to others?10) Are you satisfy with customer support services?

S.NO. Q 1. Q 2. Q 3. Q 6. Q 7. Q 8. Q 9. Q 10.

1 MALE 28 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 1,200 Postpay 20 2 Yes Yes

2 FEMALE 21 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 25 1 Yes Yes

3 MALE 25 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Postpay 30 1 No No

4 FEMALE 22 WORLDCALL 2 MB Rs. 2,400 Prepay 20 3 No No

5 MALE 18 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 21 1 Yes Yes

6 FEMALE 19 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Postpay 22 1 Yes Yes

7 FEMALE 26 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 1,200 Postpay 20 2 Yes Yes

8 MALE 25 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Postpay 19 1 No No

9 FEMALE 22 WATEEN 2 MB Rs. 1,500 Prepay 30 3 Yes Yes

10 MALE 19 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 1,200 Postpay 18 2 Yes Yes

11 MALE 20 WATEEN 2 MB Rs. 1,500 Prepay 29 2 No No

12 FEMALE 18 PTCL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Postpay 35 2 No No

13 MALE 18 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Postpay 25 1 Yes Yes

14 FEMALE 22 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 21 1 Yes Yes

15 MALE 28 WATEEN 2 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 22 1 Yes Yes

16 MALE 24 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 25 1 Yes Yes

17 MALE 22 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Postpay 24 1 No No

18 FEMALE 19 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 1,200 Postpay 25 3 Yes Yes

19 FEMALE 20 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 24 1 Yes Yes

20 MALE 18 WATEEN 2 MB Rs. 1,500 Prepay 30 3 Yes Yes

21 FEMALE 18 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 19 1 Yes Yes

22 MALE 22 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 18 1 Yes Yes

23 MALE 25 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 30 1 Yes Yes

24 MALE 24 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Prepay 24 1 Yes Yes

25 MALE 22 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Postpay 20 1 Yes Yes

26 FEMALE 19 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 21 1 Yes Yes

27 FEMALE 24 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 12 1 Yes Yes

28 MALE 21 PTCL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Postpay 23 1 Yes Yes

29 MALE 19 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Prepay 22 1 No Yes

30 FEMALE 19 WORLDCALL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Prepay 21 1 Yes Yes

31 MALE 27 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 34 2 No Yes

32 FEMALE 22 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 18 2 No No

33 FEMALE 19 WATEEN 2 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 24 2 Yes Yes

34 MALE 25 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 54 3 Yes Yes

35 MALE 19 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 21 3 No No

36 MALE 23 PTCL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Postpay 25 3 Yes No

37 MALE 22 WATEEN 1 MB Rs. 799 Prepay 44 3 Yes Yes

38 MALE 24 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 32 1 No Yes

39 FEMALE 21 PTCL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Postpay 26 1 Yes No

40 FEMALE 27 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 30 1 Yes Yes

41 FEMALE 26 WORLDCALL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Prepay 30 3 Yes Yes

42 MALE 22 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Prepay 25 2 No No

43 MALE 18 WORLDCALL 1 MB Rs. 1,800 Prepay 34 2 Yes Yes

44 MALE 19 PTCL 2 MB Rs. 1,400 Postpay 41 4 No No

45 MALE 20 PTCL 1 MB Rs. 840 Postpay 39 2 Yes Yes

Q 4. Q 5.

SAMPLE DATASAMPLE DATA

SUMMARY OF SAMPLE DATA

Company Male Female Total Realative

%tage

Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max

PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999

WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500

WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400

5252 2828 8080

Company Male Female Total Realative

%tage

Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max

PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999

WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500

WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400

5252 2828 8080

Wateen 939

PTCL 1055World Call 1700

MEAN

Company Male Female Total Realative

%tage

Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max

PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999

WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500

WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400

5252 2828 8080

PTCL 840

Wateen 799

WarldCall 1800

MEDAIN

Company Male Female Total Realative

%tage

Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max

PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999

WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500

WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400

5252 2828 8080

PTCL 95

Wateen 72

WarldCall 78

Variance

Company Male Female Total Realative

%tage

Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max

PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999

WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500

WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400

5252 2828 8080

PTCL 309

Wateen 270

WarldCall 280

Standard Devaition

WarldCall 280WarldCall 280WarldCall 280

Company Male Female Total Realative

%tage

Mean Median Variance S.D Min Max

PTCL 29 14 43 53.75% 1,055 840 95,322 309 840 1,999

WATEEN 16 07 23 28.75% 939 799 72,655 270 799 1,500

WORLD CALL 07 07 14 17.50% 1,700 1,800 78,462 280 1,400 2,400

5252 2828 8080

WarldCall 1400PTCL 840

Wateen 799

WarldCall 2400

Wateen 1500

PTCL 1,999

MinimumMinimum MaximumMaximum

CONFIDENCE OF INTERVAL FOR PROPORTION Objective:

To construct a 95% Confidence Interval of population proportion of users who are using internet connection of PTCL, Worldcall and Wateen respectively.

Data and Sample Size:The data is primary and has been collected through survey from facebook. A sample of 80 individuals’ was taken.

Sampling technique:The sampling technique that was used in the survey is Convenience Sampling. We have used sample data from Question 5.

Statistical Method:We have applied Confidence interval for a population proportion at 95% level of confidence interval.

Variable No. of user Relative ratio

PTCL 43 0.5375WORLDCALL 14 0.175WATEEN 23 0.2875

Sampe Size, n = 80

( 0.5375 ) + ( 1.960) (0.5375) ( 1 - 05375 ) ( 0.175 ) + ( 1.960) ( 0.175 ) (1 - 0.175 )80 80

PTCL WORLDCALL

0.428 < p < 0.6465 0.0917 < p < 0.2582

( 0.2875 ) + ( 1.960) ( 0.2875 ) (1 - 0.2875 )80

WATEEN

0.18832 < p < 0.386

Statistical Method:We have applied Confidence interval for a population proportion at 95% level of confidence interval.Data:

Z value = 1.96Formula:

Calculation:

Conclusion:Hence with 95% confidence the true percentage of internet users of PTCL is 42.18% to 64.65%, Worldcall is 9.17 % to 25.82% and Wateen is 18.83% to 38.6% in Karachi

HYPOTHESIS TESTING (Individually)Objective:The objective of this test is to find out the average used of internet (in hrs) in a day by Karachi users.

Sample Size, Data:• Sample Size: 80 (PTCL 43, Wateen 23, Worldcall 14) • Primary • Used Sample data from question # 7

Sampling Technique:Convenience sampling has been used

Statistical method:The method we have used is Hypothesis Testing.

Problem:The researcher claims that the average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hours in a day To test the claim, Is there enough evidence to reject the claim at α=0.05.

Data:

Parameters PTCL WORDLCALL WATEEN

Sample Size ( n ) 43 14 23

Mean ( X ) 3.52 hrs 3.19 hrs 3.66 hrs

Standard deviation ( s ) 0.957 1.316 1.25

Mean (μ) 3 hrs 3 hrs 3 hrs

Test: Two tailed test.Step 1Ho : The average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day. (claim)

HA : The average used of internet in Karachi is not 3 hrs in a day.

Step 2Since ∞ = 0.05 and critical values are +- 1.960 ( PTCL) , +-2.145 ( Worldcall) and +- 2.069 (Wateen).

Step 3 Formula :

**When n < 30, t distribution would be used instead of z. The formula would changed to ‘ t ’.

Calculation:

z = 3.52 - 3 t = 3.19 - 3 0.957 1.316

43 14

z = 3.563 t = 0.540

Accept HoReject Ho

PTCL WORLDCALL

t = 3.66 - 3 1.2523

t = 2.532

WATEEN

Reject Ho

Step 4Decision Rule: Two tailed test

Step 5:

Conclusion

For PTCL and WateenSince Z value lies in the rejection region, hence reject Ho and accept HA. Now we can say that average used of internet in Karachi is not 3 hrs in a day.

For WorldcallSince Z value lies in the acceptance region, hence accept Ho and reject HA. Now we can say that average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day.

HYPOTHESIS TESTING (Collectively)

Objective:The objective of this test is to find out the average used of internet (in hrs) in a day by Karachi users.

Sample Size, Data:• Sample Size: 80 (PTCL 43, Wateen 23, Worldcall 14) • Primary • Used Sample data from question # 7

Sampling Technique:Convenience sampling has been used

Statistical method:The method we have used is Hypothesis Testing.

Problem:The researcher claims that the average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hours in a day To test the claim, Is there enough evidence to reject the claim at ∞=0.05.

Data:Sample Size ( n ) 80

Mean ( X ) 3.50

Standard deviation ( s ) 7.718

Mean (μ) 3 hrs

Test: Two tailed test.

Step 1Ho : The average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day. (claim)HA : The average used of internet in Karachi is not 3 hrs in a day.Step 2Since α = 0.05 and critical values are ±1.960 Step 3

Formula :

Z =

**When n < 30, t distribution would be used instead of z. The formula would changed to ‘ t ’.

0.580

Z =

Calculation:

Step 4Decision Rule: Two tailed test

Step 5:

Conclusion

For ALL

Since Z value lies in the acceptance region, hence accept Ho and reject HA. Now we can say that average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day.

14.3 4.95 2.7513.65 4.725 2.625

3.1255.62516.257.8 2.7 1.5

TEST FOR INDEPENDENCE

Objective:The objective of this test is to find the association between the age of the consumers and the amount they pay against the Internet Service.Sample size was 80 and frequency distribution was used for the independence test.

Age Price799-1200 1201-1600 1600 and + Total

18-20 13 6 3 22

21-22 11 6 4 21

23-25 21 2 2 25

26-30 7 4 1 12

52 18 10 80

E =

E1 = 14.3 E7 = 16.25E2 = 4.95 E8 = 5.625E3 = 2.75 E9 = 3.125E4 = 13.65 E10 = 7.8E5 = 4.725 E11 = 2.7E6 = 2.625 E12 = 1.5

0.118

0.227

0.022

0.514

0.344

0.720

1.388

2.336

0.405

0.082

0.812

0.166

Statistic Formula:

The sum of all the Chi-Square values:

7.134

State the hypotheses:

Ho : There is no association between age of the consumers and the amount they pay against the internet service.

HA : There is association between age of the consumers and the amount they pay against the internet service.

Critical Region:

Reject Ho if:

V=(r-1)(c-1)v=(4-1)(3-1)v=(3)(2) = 6

= 12.59

> α , ν

> 0.05 , 6

Graph:

Conclusion:Do not reject Ho as it does not lie in the critical region and conclude that there is no association of age to the amount that is paid against the Internet Service.

GOODNESS OF FIT TEST

Objective :To see whether a frequency distribution fits a specific pattern

Sample Size, Data:•Sample Size: 80 (PTCL 43, Wateen 23, Worldcall 14) • Primary • Used Sample data from question # 3 & 10

Sampling Technique:Convenience sampling has been used

Data:CLAIMA CEO of Internet company wishes to know that whether customers show any preference while selecting Internet Service Provider (ISP)?. The samples of 80 observations were taken from Question 3 and 10 and let Alpha value is 0.05.

No. of subscribersPTCL WATEEN WORLDCALL 43 23 14

Solution:

Step 1

State the hypotheses: Ho : Customers does not show equal preference while selecting Internet Service

Provider (ISP) (Claim)HA : Customers show equal preference while selecting Internet Service Provider (ISP)

If there were no preference, one would expect each frequency to be selected with equal frequency. In this case 80/4 = 26.666

PTCL WATEEN WORLDCALL Observed value 43 23 14Expected value 26.66 26.66 26.66

Step 2Find the critical value. The degree of freedom are (c-1) = 3 - 1 = 2 and the critical value

from Chi-square table is = 5.991 at alpha is 0.05.

Step 3Formula for test value: = (O – E) 2

E X = (43 – 26.66)2 + ( 23 – 26.66) 2 + ( 14 – 26.66) 2 26.66 26.66 26.66 = 16.529

Step 4

GRAPH Right - Tailed - Test

Make the decision. The decision is to reject null hypothesis, since 16.5291 > 5.991

Step 5

CONCLUSION The value lies in rejection region so reject Ho and accept HA, it can be concluded that Customers does not show equal preference while selecting Internet Service Provider. So Test is “Not a good fit”.

CONCLUSION

“ We can say PTCL is a most reliable ISP in Karachi ”Because the company is offering some unique services as compared to

competitors. Like DSL, Smart TV and Land line in ONE connection and also offering fast internet speed with consistent connectivity and also maintaining

satisfied customer services. The most important benefit for student is 30% reduction on internet charges.

REFERENCESWWW.FACEBOOK.COM

WWW.GOOGLE.COMWWW.GEO.TV

WWW.PTCL.COM.PKWWW.WORLDCALL.COM.PK

WWW.WATEEN.COMStatistics for Business and Economics 6th Edition by PAUL NEW BOLD