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- 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Prospecting Exploration Development Exploitation
Reclamation
- Prospecting it is the first stage in the search of ore. In this
we study the literature and maps of an area. There are two methods
of prospecting. 1. Direct method 2. Indirect method
- Direct method It is limited to deposits on surface or near
surface. it consists of visual examination of either outcrop or
loose fragments that have weathered away from the outcrop The
samples are collected from the potential site for microscopic study
in laboratory.
- Video prospecting
- Indirect method These can be used for deeper deposits. They
include seismic ,radiometric , magnetic and many other
methods.
- Find pics for seismic and these surveys
- Exploration 2nd stage of mining Core samples are obtained by
diamond drills. Different laboratory analyses are carried out to
evaluate the grade and tonnage of deposit.
- Video core sample,diamond drill bit and core samples and
diamond drilling.
- Final conclusion is drawn regarding worth of the deposit.it is
called reserve estimation. At the end of this stage feasibility
study is carried out which helps to decide, whether to abandon or
develop the deposit.
- Development It is work of opening a mineral deposit for
exploitation. With it proper mining begins In this stage mining
rights are acquired Access roads to site are constructed Power
source is acquired
- Ore handling and treatment plants constructed . Then access to
deposit may be gained by 1. Stripping overburden (surface mining)
2. By excavating openings from surface to more deeply burried
deposits(underground mining).
- access roads,plants pic
- Exploitation It is actual recovery of mineral While development
work continues through out life of mine, in exploitation stage main
emphasis is on production. In this stage mining method is also
selected.
- Mining method selection The selection of mining method depend
upon 1. Economics (comparing costs) 2. technology available 3. Size
, shape and depth of ore 4. Ground water,strength of ore and host
rock 5. Environmental factors as subsidence on
surface,ventilation,work force etc.
- Mining 1. 2. method may be Surface underground
- Surface methods Two main types 1. Mechanical excavation 2.
aqueous excavation
- Mechanical excavation methods 1. Open pit mining (thick
deposit) 2. Quarrying (thin deposit) 3. Opencast mining,etc
- Video open cast mining
- Aqueous 1. 2. excavation Placer mining Solution mining,etc
- Video placer mining Video solution mining
- Underground mining methods Three classes 1. Unsupported
methods(room and pillar) 2. Supported methods(cut and fill, ) 3.
Caving(, block caving)
- Vide,cut pillar and fill stoping , block , room and
- reclamation