Speech communication ( Process and Levels)

Speech Communication

Process and LevelsBy Michelle Buere

Communication as a Process

• Human communication is interpersonal, it is purposive and it is a process.

• Question: What do we mean by process?

• Answer: By process we mean that steps have to be taken and in a set/particular order to achieve a desired result/goal.

. SENDER/ENCODER

• The sender also known as the encoder decides on the message to be sent, the best/most effective way that it can be sent.

• The sender may want to ask him/herself questions like: What words will I use? Do I need signs or pictures?

MEDIUM

• The medium is the immediate form which a message takes.

CHANNEL

• The channel is that which is responsible for the delivery of the chosen message form.

RECEIVER

• The receiver or the decoder is responsible for extracting/decoding meaning from the message.

• The receiver is also responsible for providing feedback to the sender.

FEEDBACK

• This is important as it determines whether or not the decoder grasped the intended meaning and whether communication was successful.

CONTEXT

• The context of any communication act is the environment surrounding it.

NOISE (also called interference)

• This is any factor that inhibits the conveyance of a message.

Two types of Noise

• (internal noise) A student worrying about an incomplete

assignment may not be attentive in class

Two types of Noise

• external noiseThe sounds of heavy rain on a galvanized

roof may inhibit the reading of a storybook to second graders

Levels of Communication

• 1st stage: ThinkingThis stage starts with the birth of an idea

of the speaker. The

• 2nd stage: SymbolizingThe speaker is now ready to share to his

audience orally through the use of words.

• 3rd stage: ExpressingThe speaker is now ready to his ideas in

an audible speech using appropriate gestures.

• 4th stage: Transmitting• The ideas and feelings are transmitted into the ears of

the listeners. The surroundings must be conducive for the audience.

• 5th stage: Receiving• As the sound waves that carry the ideas of the speaker

reach the ears of the listeners, a series of movements takes place.

• 6th stage: Decoding• This stage will lead the listeners to understand what the

speaker wants to convey.

• 7th stage: Reaction or “Feedback”– It is normal situation to see listeners giving responses to what

was heard from the speakers.

• 8th stage: Monitoring• The speaker should be sensitive in giving the needs of

his audience.