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© 2012 IBM Corporation
IBM University Programs worldwide, accelerating regional development (IBM Upward)
Smarter Planet
Dr. James (“Jim”) C. Spohrer, spohrer@us.ibm.comInnovation Champion and Director IBM UPward(University Programs worldwide, accelerating regional development)
ASEE Global Leadership ForumMonday September 24, 2012
Working Together to Build a Smarter Planet
Baxter: Building the Future
Maker-Bot: Replicator 2
2 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Today’s Talk
Grand Challenges: Four Crises
Building a Smarter Planet
T-Shaped Professionals– Deep Problem Solving & Critical Thinking
– Broad Communications & Leadership
Two Generations: Accelerating Change
Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno
IBM Smarter Planet
3 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Grand Challenges…
Four Crises– Financial
– Healthcare
– Education
– Government
4 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
What’s UP with IBM? University Programs
5 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Most people say, “IBM makes computers”
6 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Those in-the-know say, “IBM is helping to build a Smarter Planet…”
7 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
A Smarter Planet is built from smarter service systems…
INSTRUMENTED
We now have the ability to measure, sense and see the exact condition of practically everything.
INTERCONNECTED
People, systems and objects can communicate
and interact with each other in entirely new
ways.
INTELLIGENT
We can respond to changes quickly and accurately, and get better results
by predicting and optimizing
for future events.
WORKFORCE
PRODUCTS
SUPPLY CHAIN
COMMUNICATIONS
TRANSPORTATION BUILDINGS
IT NETWORKS
8 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
City challenge: buildings and transportation
Ryan Chin:Smart Cities
9 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Streetline: Instrumented-Interconnected-Intelligent
10 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Example: Streetline
11 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Neonatal ICU: Instrumented-Interconnected-Intelligent
IBM GMU External Relations 201212 IBM GMU External Relations 201212
A city is essentially a system of service systems—transportation, healthcare, public safety and education.
To enable a Smarter City, IBM is working to improve the quality & efficiency of service systems and how they operate and function.
13 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Cities: land-population-energy-carbon
Carlo Ratti:Senseable Cities
14 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
15 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Smarter City Intelligent Operations Center (SC IOC)
16 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Four commandments for cities of the future: Eduardo Paes at TED2012
17 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
SC IOC as a Platform for Innovation
18 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Regional Competitiveness and U-BEEs: Where imagined possible worlds become observable real worldshttp://www.service-science.info/archives/1056
Nation
State/Province
City/Region
UniversityCollege
K-12
Cultural &ConferenceHotels
HospitalMedical
Research
Worker(professional)
Family(household)
For-profits
Non-profits
U-BEEJob Creator/Sustainer
U-BEEs = University-Based Entrepreneurial Ecosystems, City Within City
“The future is already here (at universities),it is just not evenlydistributed.”
“The best way topredict the futureis to (inspire the nextgeneration of studentsto) build it better.”
InnovationsUniversities/RegionsCalculus (Cambridge/UK)Physics (Cambridge/UK)Computer Science (Columbia/NY)Microsoft (Harvard/WA)Yahoo (Stanford/CA)Google (Stanford/CA)Facebook (Harvard/CA)
19 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
What improves Quality-of-Life? Service System Innovations
A. Systems that focus on flow of things that humans need (~15%*)1. Transportation & supply chain
2. Water & waste recycling/Climate & Environment
3. Food & products manufacturing
4. Energy & electricity grid/Clean Tech
5. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT access)B. Systems that focus on human activity and development (~70%*)
6. Buildings & construction (smart spaces) (5%*)
7. Retail & hospitality/Media & entertainment/Tourism & sports (23%*)
8. Banking & finance/Business & consulting (wealthy) (21%*)
9. Healthcare & family life (healthy) (10%*)
10. Education & work life/Professions & entrepreneurship (wise) (9%*)C. Systems that focus on human governance - security and opportunity (~15%*)
11. Cities & security for families and professionals (property tax)
12. States/regions & commercial development opportunities/investments (sales tax)
13. Nations/NGOs & citizens rights/rules/incentives/policies/laws (income tax)
20/10/10
0/19/0
2/7/42/1/1
7/6/11/1/0
5/17/27
1/0/2
24/24/1
2/20/247/10/3
5/2/2
3/3/10/0/0
1/2/2
Quality of Life = Quality of Service + Quality of Jobs + Quality of Investment-Opportunities
* = US Labor % in 2009.
“61 Service Design 2010 (Japan) / 75 Service Marketing 2010 (Portugal)/78 Service-Oriented Computing 2010 (US)”
20 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)20
T-shaped professionalsdepth & breadth
BREADTH
DE
PT
H
(analytic thinking & problem solving)
Many culturesMany disciplines
Many systems(understanding & communications)
Deep in one d
iscip
line
Deep in one sys
tem
Deep in one cu
lture
21 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Systems-Disciplines Framework: Depth & BreadthSystems that focus on flows of things Systems that governSystems that support people’s activities
transportation & supply chain water &
waste
food &products
energy & electricity
building & construction
healthcare& family
retail &hospitality banking
& finance
ICT &cloud
education &work
citysecure
statescale
nationlaws
social sciences
behavioral sciences
management sciences
political sciences
learning sciences
cognitive sciences
system sciences
information sciences
organization sciences
decision sciences
run professions
transform professions
innovate professions
e.g., econ & law
e.g., marketing
e.g., operations
e.g., public policy
e.g., game theory and strategy
e.g., psychology
e.g., industrial eng.
e.g., computer sci
e.g., knowledge mgmt
e.g., stats & design
e.g., knowledge worker
e.g., consultant
e.g., entrepreneur
stake
holders Customer
Provider
Authority
Competitors
resources
People
Technology
Information
Organizations
change History
(Data Analytics)
Future(Roadmap)
value
Run
Transform(Copy)
Innovate(Invent)
Observe Stakeholders (As-Is)
Observe Resource Access (As-Is)
Imagine Possibilities (Has-Been & Might-Become)
Realize Value (To-Be)
disciplines
systems
22 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Two Generations of Change: Past & Future
Born: 1988Graduated College: 2011
Born: 2012Enters College: 2030
23 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 Transportation: Self-driving cars
Steve Mahan:Test “Driver”
24 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 Water
25 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 Manufacturing
Ryan Chin:Urban Mobility
26 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 Energy
27 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 ICT
28 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)28
Example: Leading Through Connections with…Universities Collaborate with IBM Research to Design Watson for the Grand Challenge of Jeopardy !
Assisted in the development of the Open Advancement of Question-Answering Initiative (OAQA) architecture and methodology
Pioneered an online natural language question answering system called START, which provided the ability to answer questions with high precision using information from semi-structured and structured information repositories
Worked to extend the capabilities of Watson, with a focus on extensive common sense knowledge
Focused on large-scale information extraction, parsing, and knowledge inference technologies
Worked on a visualization component to visually explain to external audiences the massively parallel analytics skills it takes for the Watson computing system to break down a question and formulate a rapid and accurate response to rival a human brain
Provided technological advancement enabling a computing system to remember the full interaction, rather than treating every question like the first one - simulating a real dialogue
Explored advanced machine learning techniques along with rich text representations based on syntactic and semantic structures for the Watson’s optimization
Worked on information retrieval and text search technologies
http://w3.ibm.com/news/w3news/top_stories/2011/02/chq_watson_wrapup.html
29 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 Buildings: Recycled to be stronger, safer, cleaner
China Broad Group:30 Stories in 15 Days
30 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 Retail & Hospitality
31 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 Finance & Business
32 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 Health
33 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 Education: Watch one, do one, teach one…
34 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 Government
Four measures
Innovativeness
Equity– Improve
weakestlink
Sustainability
Resiliency
35 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
2030 and Beyond…. Government, Health, Education, Finance, etc.
36 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
A Framework for Global Civil Society
Daniel Patrick Moynihan said nearly 50 years ago: "If you want to build a world class city, build a great university and wait 200 years." His insight is true today – except yesterday's 200 years has become twenty. More than ever, universities will generate and sustain the world’s idea capitals and, as vital creators, incubators, connectors, and channels of thought and understanding, they will provide a framework for global civil society.
– John Sexton, President NYU
37 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
IBM Almaden Research Center, Silicon Valley/San Jose, CA
38 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
In Conclusion: Two Books To Help Us All Prepare For Change
39 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Thank-You! Questions?
Dr. James (“Jim”) C. SpohrerInnovation Champion & Director, IBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward)spohrer@us.ibm.com
“Instrumented, Interconnected, Intelligent – Let’s build a Smarter Planet.” – IBM“If we are going to build a smarter planet, let’s start by building smarter cities” – CityForward.org“Universities are major employers in cities and key to urban sustainability.” – Coalition of USU
“Cities learning from cities learning from cities.” – Fundacion Metropoli“The future is already here… It is just not evenly distributed.” – Gibson
“The best way to predict the future is to create it/invent it.” – Moliere/Kay“Real-world problems may not/refuse to respect discipline boundaries.” – Popper/Spohrer
“Today’s problems may come from yesterday’s solutions.” – Senge“History is a race between education and catastrophe.” – H.G. Wells
“The future is born in universities.” – Kurilov“Think global, act local.” – Geddes
40 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
IBM operates in 170 countries around the globe
IBM has 426,000 employees worldwide
2011 Financials Revenue - $ 106.9B Net Income - $ 15.9B EPS - $ 13.44 Net Cash - $16.6B
22% of IBM’s revenue in Growth Market countries; growing at 11% in 2011
Number 1 in patent generation for 19 consecutive years ; 6,180 US patents awarded in 2011
More than 40% of IBM’s workforce conducts business away from an office
5 Nobel Laureates
9 time winner of the President’s National Medal of Technology & Innovation - latest award for Blue Gene Supercomputer
“Let’s Build a Smarter Planet"
The Smartest Machine On Earth
100 Years of Business & Innovation in 2011
IBM’s Leadership Changes
55% of IBM’s Workforce is New to the company in the last 5 years
41 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
The New Normal: Smarter Systems
Computational System
Smarter TechnologyRequires investment roadmap
Service Systems: Stakeholders & Resources
1. People 2. Technology3. Shared Information4. Organizations
connected by win-win value propositions
Smarter Buildings, Universities, CitiesRequires investment roadmap
42 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
University: Four Missions
Knowledge– 1. Transfer (Teaching)
– 2. Creation (Research)
– 3. Application (Benefits)
• Commerce/Entrepreneurship• Governance/Policymaking
– 4. Re-Integration (Challenge)
• Innovativeness, Equity• Sustainability, Resilience
Nested, Networked Holistic Service Systems– Flows
– Development
– Governance
Nation
State/Province
City/Metro
UniversityCollege
K-12
Cultural &ConferenceHotels
HospitalMedical
Research
Worker(professional)
Family(household)
For-profits
Non-profits
U-BEEJob Creator/Sustainer
Third Mission (Apply to Create Value) is about U-BEEs = University-Based
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems
43 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Economic Shift in National Economies
Daryl Pereira/Sunnyvale/IBM@IBMUS,
42%6433 3 1.4Germany
37%261163 2.1Bangladesh
19%201070 1.6Nigeria
45%6728 5 2.2Japan
64%692110 2.4Russia
61%661420 3.0Brazil
34%391645 3.5Indonesia
23%7623 1 5.1U.S.
35%23176014.4India
142%29224925.7China
40yr ServiceGrowth
S%
G%
A %
Labor% WW
Nation
World’s Large Labor ForcesA = Agriculture, G = Goods, S = Service
20102010
NationMaster.com, International Labor OrganizationNote: Pakistan, Vietnam, and Mexico now larger LF than Germany
US shift to service jobs
(A) Agriculture:Value from harvesting nature
(G) Goods:Value from making products
(S) Service:Value from
IT augmented workers in smarter systemsthat create benefits for customers
and sustainably improve quality of life.
44 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Growth of Service Revenue at IBM
SOFTWARE
SYSTEMS(AND FINANCING)
SERVICES
2010 Pretax Income Mix Revenue Growth by Segment
Services
Software
Systems
44%
17%
39%
IBM Annual Reports
What do IBM Service Professionals Do? Run IT & enterprise systems for customers,help Transform customer processes to best practices, and Innovate with customers.
45 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
California Human Development Report 2011:Measuring quality-of-life…. http://w
ww
.measureofam
erica.org/docs/AP
ortraitOfC
A.pdf
46 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Measuring Impact
SSME: IBM Icon of Progress & IBM Research Outstanding Accomplishment– Internal 10x return: CBM, IDG, SDM Pricing & Costing, BIW COBRA, SIMPLE, IoFT, Fringe, VCR
• Key was tools to model customers & IBM better• Also tools to shift routine physical, mental, interactional & identify synergistic new ventures• Alignment with Smarter Planet & Analytics (instrumented, interconnected, intelligent)• Alignment with Smarter Cities, Smarter Campus, Smarter Buildings (Holistic Service Systems)
– External: More than $1B in national investments in Service Innovation activities
– External: Increase conferences, journals, and publications
– External: Service Science SIGs in Professional Associations
– External: Course & Program Guidelines for T-shaped Professionals, 500+ institutions
– External: National Service Science Institutions, Books & Case Studies (Open Services Innovation)
Service Research, a Portfolio Approach– 1. Improve existing offerings (value propositions that can move the needle on KPI’s)
– 2. Create new offerings (for old and new customers)
– 3. Improve outcomes insourcing, outsourcing, acquisitions, divestitures (interconnect-fission-fusion)
– 4. For all three of the above, improve customer/partner capabilities (ratchet each other up)
– 5. For all four of the above, increase patents and service IP assets (some donated to open forums)
– 6. For all five of the above, increase publications and body-of-knowledge (professional associations)
47 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
Who I am
Director IBM Global University Programs since 2009– Global team works with 5000 university world wide (http://www.ibm.com/university)
– Research (Awards), Readiness (Skills), Recruiting, Revenue, Responsibility
– Transform “IBM on Campus” brand awareness (“Smarter Planet/Smarter Cities”)
– Create “Urban Service System” Research Centers & U-BEEs Founding Director of IBM's first Service Research group from 2003-2009
– Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA
– 10x ROI with four IBM outstanding and eleven accomplishment awards
– Improve existing offerings, create new, portfolio synergies, partners, patents, publications
– I know/work with service research pioneers from many academic disciplines• I advocate for Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Design (SSME+D)
– Short-term: Curriculum (T-shaped people, deep in an existing discipline)– Long-term: New transdiscipline and profession (awaiting CAD tool)
• I advocate for SRII (“one of the founding fathers”)• Co-editor of the “Handbook of Service Science” (Springer 2010)
Other background (late 90’s and before)– Founding CTO of IBM’s Venture Capital Relations group in Silicon Valley
– Apple Computer’s (Distinguished Engineer Scientist and Technologist) award (90’s)
– Ph.D. Computer Science/Artificial Intelligence from Yale University (80’s)
– B.S. in Physics from MIT (70’s)
48 © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)
What is the future? We can imagine many possibilities…
Kurzweilai.net
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