Sec 2 Housing shortage Introduction

Where do you prefer to live & why? Why do you think people are living in these places?

Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?

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What is housing shortage?

Define housing shortageDescribe the nature of housing shortage using photographs and sketches.

Learning objectives

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‘Housing shortage is present when there is insufficient housing to

accommodate the population in an area, when the supply of houses cannot meet

the demand.’ (Supply < Demand)

Housing shortageHousing is unaffordable for those who need it.

Indications of housing shortage: 1. Presence of homeless

people2. Slums and squatter

settlementsHousing: How to Provide Homes for All?

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Lack of regular shelter People seeking temporary housing.

What does homelessness means?

People sleep in public areas E.g. Streets, under bridges, public parks, homes of relatives and

friends.

Where does homelessness happen?

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Slums and squatter settlements are urban areas which are heavily

populated, and the residents have poor quality housing and poor

access to basic services.

Describe the nature of housing shortage (Threats) (TB P. 66-68)1.Lack of safe

shelter2.Insufficient

basic services

Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?9

Barong-barongs in Manila, Philippines. Slums and squatter settlements are also known as shanty towns, or by their local names, like ‘barong-barong’ in the Philippines, and ‘favela’ in Brazil.

Without shelters, people are not protected against the weather elements and may be exposed to strong winds and cold winters

Houses in slums and squatter settlements have weak foundations

Lack of safe shelter (TB P.66)

Unstable walls and roofs made of poor quality materials like zinc and cardboardHouses collapse easily during natural disaster (eg: floods, earthquakes)

Lack of safe shelter (TB P.66)

Lack of safe shelter (TB P.66)• Walls and roofs of

houses tend to be made of poor quality materials like zinc and cardboard.

• Most of these construction materials are flammable and thus increase the risk of fires in slums.

Lack of safe shelter (TB P.66)

• Weak foundations and unstable walls of houses mean that they are likely to collapse easily during natural disasters, such as floods and earthquakes.

Lack of safe shelterHouses are usually built on unsuitable sites E.g.: low-lying area or steep slopes – areas more prone to floods and landslides (TB P.66 Fig 3.5)

Houses in slum are built in dense and disorderly manner

Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?14

Favela Chapéu Mangueira, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Lack of safe shelter (TB P.66) There are narrow paths

with limited access for vehicles

Residents could not evacuate quickly rescue efforts are hampered (especially during emergencies such as fires or earthquakes)

Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?15

Narrow path in slums, Mumbai, India

Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)Lack access to basic services–Electricity–Clean water–Proper sanitation and waste disposal

Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?17

Insufficient basic services (TB P.67) Figure 3.6a Example: Residents illegally

tap the city’s electricity supply to get access to electricity

Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)Lack of infrastructure–Power lines–Water pipes–Toilets and waste management facilities

Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?19

Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)Lack of proper sanitation in Kibera slum, Nairobi, Kenya

One toilet shared by 1300 residents(TB Fig 3.6b)

Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?20

Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)Access to water is inconsistent as water piped into the slum is diverted away by individual residents or private water companies(TB Fig 3.6c)

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Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)Waste accumulates in the streets and rivers as lack of water disposal facilities (TB Fig 3.6d)

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Waste accumulates in river

Workbook Activity 3.1 Application- Practice time!

A) Complete the table below to contrast the characteristics of the types of housing shown in Figure 3.1.

Workbook Activity 3.1

Workbook Activity 3.1

A) Complete the table below to contrast the characteristics of the types of housing shown in Figure 3.1.

Workbook Activity 3.1

B) Complete the sketch of Figure 3.2 in the box below. Provide a suitable title and annotations for your sketch.

Workbook Activity 3.1

(C) With reference to your sketch, explain why the hut is not a safe shelter.

The hut looks flimsy and is made of flammable materials such as thatch (walls), canvas(roof), wood (doors).

Workbook Activity 3.1

(D) What do the photographs in Figures 3.1 and 3.2 tell you about the housing situation in the areas shown? Provide evidence to support your answer.

Both Figures 3.1 and 3.2 suggest that there could be housing shortage in these countries as there is evidence of a lack of safe shelter and insufficient basic services.

Workbook Activity 3.1

Figure 3.1 shows houses that do not look very sturdy as they are built on thin stilts along the riverbanks.

Workbook Activity 3.1, Part D (Figure 3.1)

The hut in Figure 3.2 is not safe because it is flimsy and made of flammable materials.

The hut also does not have sufficient basic services.Since it is so small, there is likely to be no toilet or a kitchen.

There is no evidence of piped water and electricity.

Workbook Activity 3.1, Part D (Figure 3.2)

Define housing shortageDescribe the nature of housing shortage using photographs and sketches. 1.Lack of safe shelter2.Insufficient basic services

Recap