River civilization in Mesopotamia

RIVER CIVILIZATION

River civilizations are civilizations based around rivers. Some common examples are Ancient Egypt (Nile), the Mesopotamia (Tigris/Euphrates), Ancient China (Yellow River) and Ancient India (Indus).

Mesos- Greek word “MIDDLE”Potamos- means “ TWO RIVER” MESOPOTAMIA- "land between two rivers” the Tigris-Euphrates.

FERTILE CRESCENT-is a crescent-shaped region containing the comparatively moist and fertile land.

9 Empire in MesopotamiaSumerian

BabylonianAssyrianChaldean

Persian Hittites PhoeniciansHebrews

Sumerian(3500-2300 B.C.)world first civilization. Invention of wheel & Irrigation City-states Cuneiform writingZiggurats- Sumerians built

pyramid shaped temple to honor their god. Chariot-is a type of horse

carriage.

BABYLONIAN (2300-1000 B.C.) Created 60 min. hour & 12 lunar month Multiplication table Astronomy Hammurabi (1792-1750 B.C.)Hammurabi's code- developed a written code of

almost 282 laws. Like the criminal justice, civil codes, family codes and economic codes.

“ an eye for eye, a tooth for a tooth” Tiamat- Great goddess Failed to unite into one nation.

ASSYRIAN (1000-612 B.C.) established worlds first empireSARGO I- 1st emperor spoke Semitic language like Arabic &Hebrew constructing of road.BrutalityGovernment- they developed a system

of a strong provincial administration that would become the basis of Persian empire

chaldean (612-539 B.C.)King Nebuchadnezzar-

rebuilt the city of Babylon. Hanging Garden- he built the largest ziggurat

in Mesopotamia and planted trees and bushes on its terraces for his wife who was homesick for her native home.

Persian (550-330 B.C.) Persian and Medes had lived in

the present area of present-day Iran since 3000 BC. Cyrus the great (580-529) - Persian king Satraps- local governors controlled by inspector

“ the eyes and ears of emperors.Alexander the great-conquered Persia

In 330 BC

Hittites (1650-1200 B.C.) nomads from central Asia who had

moved in Asia minor. Asia minor was rich in mineral deposits.

Iron manufacture- they kept this technology until they decline.

Treaties- creating alliances allowed for expanding and securing territories with less welfare.Phoenicians(1200-800 B.C.) from Canaan, they settled along the

Mediterranean cost in present Lebanon.Phoenicians was famous with their purple cloth. They used

shellfish to create purple dye. Cloth was so rare that is was used for robe of king.

Alphabet- they replaced their bulky cuneiform system of about 500 symbols with an alphabet system of 22 symbols.

Ultimately they fell through rivalry with Greek's and roman’s.

HEBREWS(1800-600 B.C.) tribes of nomadic sheepherders

from Mesopotamia. Abraham(ca. 1800B.C), Famine(ca. 1700B.C.),

Enslavement(ca. 1500B.C.), Exodus(ca. 1275B.C), king Saul(ca. 1000-961 B.C), King Solomon(ca. 961-922 B.C.)

MonotheismThe Ten commandment’s- the law of MosesMoral lawOld testament.

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