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Brief PowerPoint about the end of Reconstruction and the social issues left in its wake
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THE AMERICANS SECTION 12 .3
Reconstruction Comes to An End
Southern Resistance Increases
SociallyCarpetbaggers:
Southern Democrats name for Northerners that come South
Scalawags: Name for Southerners who joined the Republican Party
Rise of the KKK (Ku Klux Klan)
“Is This A Republican Form of Government?"Harper's Weekly, September 2, 1876
Southern Resistance Increases
Politically: Black Codes: racist state laws
that limited freed slaves’ rights Poll taxes (pay to vote) [does
affect poor whites as well] Literacy test [also affects white
voters] Grandfather Clause (if your
grandfather could vote in 1860, no poll tax or literacy test)
Amnesty Act – returned the right to vote and old office to many former Confederates
Attempts to stop resistance: Enforcement Acts:
Oversee elections Send troops against the KKK
Public Opinion Changes
Corruption up, people think money is being wasted
Credit Mobilier Affair Whiskey Ring Belknap Bribery
Panic of 1873: people more worried about the economy than punishing the South
Currency dispute: poor want more money printed
Supreme Court is dominated by racists
Supreme Court Interpretation
U.S. v. Cruikshank 14th Amendment does not involve people discriminating against people; only the government discriminating
U.S. v. Reese undermined idea all black males can vote: ruled the 15th Amendment didn’t give right to vote, simply listed grounds on which states could not deny right to vote
Changes in the Republican Party
White southern ‘scalawags’ not committed to protecting African-Americans
The party splits over corruption
Republicans v. liberal Republicans
Election of 1876
Republican- Hayes of Ohiov.
Democrat – Tilden of NY
• Tilden won popular vote, needs 1 electoral vote more
• Florida’s 20 electoral votes uncertain b/c of KKK violence
So…the electoral college can’t render a verdict!
Compromise of 1877
Hayes became president
Democrats allow it b/c troops will leave the South
Result: “Redemption” – White Southerners regain control of the South
**White Supremacy and Home Rule Restored**
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