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Cognitive Models
of Career Choice
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Social Cognitive Career Theory
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SCCT
Thinking processes and beliefs control and direct a person’s
activities rather than focusing on the behaviors themselves.
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SCCT aimed at explaining three interrelated aspects of
career development: • how basic academic and career
interests develop• how educational and career
choices are made• how academic and career success
is obtained.
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concepts that affect the career decision- making process
1. Self –Efficacythe beliefs people have about their ability to successfully complete the steps required for a give task
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2. Outcome Expectationsthe beliefs related to the
consequences of performing a specific behavior
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3. Personal Goals-plays a big role in decisions
and actions to be taken
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Theory into Practice
• Give students with activities that:• develop their sense of self-efficacy
from personal performance, learning by example, social interactions, and how they feel in a situation
• increase these students’ options in career choices
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Cognitive information processing (CIP) theory
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Three Domains
10
Three Basic Career Information Processing Principles:
1. Self-knowledge is based on perception rather than fact, and is influenced by past experience and present feelings2. Knowledge about occupational options is based on facts that can be verified3. In today’s fast-paced society, decisions will need to be re-made and adjusted many times over
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5 information- processing skills used
• C—communicationAwareness of gap between idea
and current situation.
• A—analysisInformation gathered for
research.
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S—synthesis Bring together accumulated
information about self and occupations.• V—valuing
Using best judgment to set priorities on remaining options to choose occup./major.
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E—execution– Taking action and solving the career problem identified in communication stage
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Things to consider in applying CIP
• Understanding a person’s perceptions and how these perceptions are influenced
• Providing access to current labor market information
• Teaching decision-making skills
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Values-Based Theory
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• Cace and Brown's values-based career theory
stresses the importance of values in career counseling
and occupational choice
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• Values are considered as cognitive structures that
are the basis for self-evaluation and one's evaluation of others
• It also viewed as having an affective aspect.
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Values are also considered as:
• more fundamental traits than interests
• basis of goal-directed behavior • are primary consideration in
career counseling
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For Teachers:
• Values clarification activities• Outputs/projects that show
application of values
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