Methods of Production : Job, Batch & Mass Productiion

PRODUCTION METHODS

METHODS OF PRODUCTION

The methods of production can be of the following types:

1. Intermittent or interrupted production

a. Job Productionb. Batch Production

2. Mass and flow line production

JOB PRODUCTION

In this type of production, every job is different from the other in terms of type, cost, efforts, consumption of materials or specifications.

This is used when one item at a time is produced. Examples include:

Bridge building

Office blocks

ADVANTAGES Reaching the target customer’s

requirements Special training to labor Best suitable for pull system of demand

DISADVANTAGESX Time takingX Large scale economies cannot be

realizedX CostliestX Division of labor is not possible

BATCH PRODUCTION

All the products manufactured under a batch are similar in terms of type, cost, efforts, consumption of materials or specifications.

This is when the same product is made for a while, then production is switched to another product. They will return to the production of the first product again later on.

Examples include:

Bakers

Clothing manufacturers

Coca Cola bottling plants

ADVANTAGES cost of product design per unit is low Economies of production Flow of materials can be continuous Automation and mechanization

DISADVANTAGES

X Varying customer demandsX Not appropriate for pull system

MASS PRODUCTION

This is also called flow production. The production can be undertaken on large and specialized machines and processes.

This is when goods are mass made continuously on a production line.

Examples include:

Cars

Glass

Microchips

ADVANTAGES Mechanization and division of labour Large – scale economies Minimum material handling costs

DISADVANTAGESX Special careX Idle machinery may result in wastage

of resourcesX Bottle necks

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