Management Information System

Objectives

List and describe the classic functions of managers – planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controllingDescribe the purpose and components of a management information system (MIS)Explain how ICT Projects for Development

Module I

Management Functions Management Levels Information System Personal Computer ManagementMIS Leads into the Future

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High level (strategic)

Long-range viewPlanning

Middle level (tactical)

Carry out the plan

Assemble the material

Organize and staff

Low level (operational)

SupervisorDirecting and controlling

Management Functions

Get the job done on time

Within budget

SatisfactorilyUsing available

resources

PlanningDevise short-range and long-range plans and set goals to help achieve the plans

OrganizingHow to use resources

Staffing Directing

Guiding employees to perform their work

ControllingMonitoring progress towards goals

MISManagement Information System

Why Do People Need Information?

Decision making, problem solving and control

Data, Information, and Systems

Data vs. Information– Data

• A “given,” or fact; a number, a statement, or a picture• Represents something in the real world• The raw materials in the production of information

– Information• Data that have meaning within a context• Data in relationships• Data after manipulation

Data, Information, and SystemsGenerating Information

– Computer-based IS take data as raw material, process it, and produce information as output.

Figure 1.1 Input-process-output

Data, Information, and Systems

The Four Stages of Data Processing– Input: Data is collected and entered into

computer.– Data processing: Data is manipulated into

information using mathematical, statistical, and other tools.

– Output: Information is displayed or presented.– Storage: Data and information are maintained for

later use.

Information in Context

Data, Information, and Systems

relevant

complete

accurate

current

economical

Figure 1.2 Characteristics of useful information

Data, Information, and SystemsInformation in Context

Data, Information, and Systems

Information and Managers

– Systems thinking• Creates a framework for problem solving

and decision making.• Keeps managers focused on overall goals

and operations of business.

Data, Information, and Systems

Figure 1.6 Components of an information system

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Ethical and Societal IssuesThe Not-So-Bright Side

• Freedom of Speech– IT increases opportunities for pornography, hate speech, intellectual property

crime, an d other intrusions; prevention may abridge free speech.

• IT Professionalism– No mandatory or enforced code of ethics for IT professionals--unlike other

professions.

• Social Inequality– Less than 20% of the world’s population have ever used a PC; less than 3%

have Internet access.

www.csus.edu/indiv/e/eatonr/mis http://www.drawpack.com http://www.drawpack.com