Magnetic levitation trai ns

MAGNETIC LEVITATION TRAINs

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

TYPES OF MAGLEV TECHNOLOGY

BASIC STRUCTURE

COMPARISON WITH COMMERCIAL TRAINS

ADVANTAGES

CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTIONMaglev is a system of transportation that suspends, guides and

propels vehicles, predominantly trains, using magnetic levitation from a very large number of magnets for lift and propulsion.

The highest recorded speed is 581 km/h achieved in Japan in

2003.

TYPES OF MAGLEV TECHNOLOGY

There are 2 notable types of maglev technology:-

• Electromagnetic suspension(EMS)• Electrodynamic suspension(EDS)• Induct rack

ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION

Electromagnets attached to the

train Has ferromagnetic stators on the

track and levitate the train. Has guidance magnets on the

sides A computer changes the amount

of current to keep the train 1 cm

from the track. Max speed - 438km/hr Has on-board battery power

supply.

ELECTRODYNAMIC SUSPENSION

The first major difference between EDS and EMS is the type of track.

EDS uses superconducting magnets (SCM) located on the bottom of the train to levitate it off of the track.

The repulsive forces between the magnets and coils lift the train, on average, about 4 to 6 inches above the track,

Requires retractable wheels at low speed , max speed – 522km/hr

A NEW TRACK IN THE RUNNING (INDUCTRACK)

This system uses an “arrangement of powerful permanent magnets, known as a Halbach array, to create the levitating force”.

MODEL OF THE INDUCTRACK

BASIC STRUCTURE

Maglev Consist of Three parts1)Levitation2)Guidance3)Propulsion

LEVITATIONIn EDS , levitation coils levitate the train 10cm above the

track. Levitates when speed reaches 100km/hr

In EMS , stator & support magnet levitate the train 1cm above the track. Levitates even when train is not moving.

GUIDANCESome systems use Null Current systemIn EDS when the vehicle is in straight line , no current flows

When it moves off the line this creates changing flux, generating a field that pushes and pulls it back to the line.

Some systems use coils that try to remain in the null flux point between repulsive magnets and reduces eddy current losses.

PROPULSIONEMS systems provide levitation & propulsion using onboard

linear motor. EDS system and Train rapid systems levitate using onboard

magnets & use propulsion coils for propulsion .Cost of propulsion coils increase over long distances.

COMPARISION WITH COMMERCIAL TRAINS

Maglev trains produce less noise than a conventional train at

equivalent speeds.

Maglev is atmosphere friendly not produce toxic Smoke

Relatively very high speed than Commercial trains.

No resistance between the rail and Track so very high speed is

attainable, that's why some times Maglev is compared with

aeroplanes.

ADVANTAGES

Elimination of wheel and track wear providing consequent

reduction in maintenance cost.

The absence of wheels removes much noise and vibration.

It needs less power supply.

It is more safety.

It is fire resistance.

CONCLUSIONMaglev will have a positive impact on sustainability. Using

superconducting magnets instead of fossil fuels, it will not emit greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Maglev will contribute more to our society and our planet than it takes away. Considering everything Maglev has to offer, the transportation of our future is on very capable tracks.

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