introduction to turkey

INTRODUCTIONlocation & GeographyHistoryBasic informationFounderGovernment, CapitalLanguage ,Population, Currency ,ReligionsFamous places

LOCATION & GEOARAPHY

LOCATION :- TURKEY ISLOCATED AT NORTH HEMISPHERE.• IT IS LOCATED ON TWO CONTINENTS EUROPE & ASIA• IT IS THE SECOND LARGEST COUNTRY IN EUROPE.

NEIGHBOURS NORTH WESTo BULGARIAo GREECE NORTH EAST o GEORGIA EASTo ARMENIAo AZERBIJANo IRAN SOUTHo SYRIA o IRAQ

GEORAPHYREGIONS1. MARMARA2. AEGEAN3. BLACK SEA4. CENTERAL

ANATOLIA5. EASTERN ANATOLIA6. SOUTHEAST

ANATOLIA7. MEDITERRANEAN

PROVINCESo THERE ARE 81

PROVINCES IN TURKEY.

o THE AREA OF TURKEY IS 780.580Sq KM

HISTORY• THE OF TURKY COVER A TIME FRAME OF MORE THAN 4000 BC

Basic information• Name:- REPUBLIC OF TURKEY• CAPITAL:- ANKARA• INDEPENDENCE DAY:- 29 OCTOBER 1923

FOUNDER

GOVERNMENT

CAPITAL• ANKARA IS THE CAPITAL CITY OF TURKY.IT IS IN THE CENTERAL

ANTOLIA REGION.IT IS THE HEART OF TURKEY.

Language , Currency ,RELIGION• LANGUAGE;- IN TURKEY 90%PEOPLE SPEAK TURKEY AND SPEAKS

ARABIC AND GREEK.

• RELIGION:- THERE IS NO MAIN RELIGION OF TURKEY. MANY

RELIGIONS ARE FOLLOWED.

• CURRENCY;- THE CURRENCY OF TURKEY IS LIRA.

POPULATION• POPULATION OF TURKEY IS 78 MILLION.

FAMOUS PLACES:- THERE ARE MANY FAMOUS

WHICH ATTRACTS THE TOURISTS.

DEADSEA

Bosporus Bridge

Turkey came onto world map as a country from one of successor

states of Ottoman Empire.

Ottoman Empire

• RISE(1299 - 1453)• First Capital BURSA• Expands to Europe and Anatolia• DECLINE(1683 - 1914)

Anatolia is a Multi-Ethenic state includes Turks, Armenians , Frenchs and Italians.

After first world war Treaty Of SEVRES was imposed by Allied powers on Ottoman Empire.

Treaty Of Sevres results in breakup of Ottoman Empire.

Mustafa Kamal (military commander) distinguished himself during the Turkish war of

Independence.He revoke the terms of the Treaty of Sevres.

The Parliament formally ends 623 years of Ottoman rule by destroying the Sultanate.

Turkey was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923 in the new capital of Ankara.

Mustafa Kamal beccomes it’s first President. Introduced many fundamental reforms.Parliament gives him a surname

“Attaturk”(father of turks) to honor him.

TURKISH CULTURE

TURKISH CULTUREFestivals

• RELIGIOUS FESTIVALS Turkey celebrates two important religious festivals. Ramadan feast Feast of the sacrifice

Victory DayCelebrate on 30 august

Republic dayCelebrate on 20 October

Youth and sport dayCelebrate on 9 may

National Festivals turkey celebrates three important national festivals

Turkey Sports most popular spots are

• Football• Basketball• Motorsport • Volleyball (especially women's)

TURKISH DRESSINGin 18 century

• Home dress• Street dress

HALF OF 18 CENTURY Home dress Street dress

EARLY 19TH CENTURY• Home dress• Street dress

Istanbul, 1919.

M Tuğrul Acar

TURKISH FOOD• Turkish Coffee• Turkish delight• baklava• Kebab

TURKISH MUSIC DANCE• Folk music, dance• Sofia dance,music

Customs and Tradition

Customs and traditionsSPORTS

• Camel wrestling• Bullfighting• Game of jeered

Customs and traditions• BeliefsThe howling of dog is considered a sign of approaching

death.If child constantly cries it is believed that someone will die

in that house.A sign of bad luck when a black cat cats passing in front of

person Fortune tellingDifferent kind of fortune teller such as using coffee,

tea, tarot cards

RELIGION OF TURKEY

INTRODUCTIONTurkey is a secular country per article 24 of the

Turkish constitution . Secularism in Turkey originates from Ataturk's 'Six

Arrows’ of Republicanism, Populism, Laïcité, Revolutionism, Nationalism, and Statism.

Turkey has three main prominent religions. The Government imposes some restrictions on Muslim

and other religious groups. and on Muslim religious expression in government

offices and state-run institutions, including universities

Freedom of Religion. The Constitution provides for freedom of religion, and the

Government generally respects this right in practice; however, the Government imposes some restrictions on all religious expression in government offices and state-run institutions, including universities.

usually for the stated reason of preserving the secular state, and distance of state to all kinds of beliefs.

The Constitution establishes the country as a secular state and provides for freedom of belief, freedom of worship, and the private dissemination of religious ideas.

The secularity, bearing a meaning of a protection of believers, plays an important role to protect the state.

Prominent Religions of TurkeyThe Turkish government recognizes three

main religions i.e.ISLAMCRISTIANITYJUDAISMAlthough other minority religions such as

Yazidi and different types of Christians and various divisions of Islam.

ISLAM The presence of Islam in Turkey dates back to the latter half

of the 11th century when the Seljuks started expanding into eastern Anatolia.

Islam is the main religion of the Turkish people in Turkey. CIA World fact book states that 99.8% of the country's

population are nominally Muslims. According religiosity polls 97.8% of the population is Muslim. Most Muslims in Turkey are Sunnis forming about 72%,

and the Shia form about 25% of the Muslim population. There is also a Twelver Shia community which forms about

3% of the Muslim population.

CRISTIANITY Anatolia (Turkey) is the birthplace of numerous

Christian Apostles and Saints, such as Paul of Tarsus and many others.

Turkey is also home to the Seven Churches of Asia. Upon the breakup of the Ottoman Empire percentage of

Christians in Turkey decreased. Christian population of Turkey includes an estimated

45,000 Armenian Apostolic, 17,000 Assyrian - Syriac Orthodox, 8,000 Assyrians - Chaldean Catholic, 3,000-4,000 Greek Orthodox, and smaller numbers of Bulgarians, Georgians, and Protestants.

There were 349 active churches in Turkey (October 2012). 140 Greek, 58 Assyrian and 52 Armenian.

JUDISAMFor 2,400 years Jews have lived in what is now Turkey. Despite emigration during the 20th century, modern-day Turkey

continues to have a small Jewish population.The vast majority, approximately 95%, live in Istanbul, with a

community of about 2,500 in Izmir and other much smaller groups make up approximately 96% of Turkey's Jewish population.

The city of Antakya is home to ten Jewish families.The Turkish-Jewish population is experiencing a population decline,

reduced from 23,000 to17,000 in a few years.Currently, the community's death rate is twice that of its birth rate.

Between September and April 2011, for example, 129 Turkish Jews died and only 60 were born

ECONOMY OF TURKEY

A brief description.

INTRODUCTIONThe country is among the world's leading producers of agricultural products; textiles; motor vehicles, ships and other transportation equipment; construction materials; consumer electronics and home appliances.In recent years, Turkey had a rapidly growing private sector, yet the state still plays a major role in industry, banking, transport, and communicationsThe Economy of turkey is defined as an emerging market economy by International Monetary Fund. (IMF). It is largely developed making Turkey one of the world’s newly industrialized countries.

History of Turkey’s Economy

Major changes in economic policy.

Major Time Periods i) 1923-1929when development policy emphasized private accumulation ii) 1929-1945 when development policy emphasized state accumulation in a period of global crises.iii) 1950-1980 when a period of state guided industrialization based on import substituting protectionism.

iv) 1980 onwardsopening of the Turkish economy to liberal trade in goods, services and financial market transactions.

During the first six decades of the republic, between 1923 and 1983, Turkey has mostly adhered to a quasi-statist approach with strict government planning of the budget and government-imposed limitations over private sector participation, foreign trade, flow of foreign currency, and foreign direct investment. However, in 1983 Prime Minister Turgut Özal initiated a series of reforms designed to shift the economy from a statist, insulated system to a more private-sector, market-based model

Turkey’s economy

Basic Information.

17th (nominal) / 15th (PPP) Rank:

Turkish Lira (TRY) Currency:

Calendar year Fiscal year:

G-20 Major economies, OECD, EU Customs Trade:

Union, WTO, ECO, BSEC Organizations:

Statistics1.358$ trillion (PPP, 2012)

$789.257 billion (Nominal, 2012)GDP

 4.4% (Q2 2013) 5.2% (2002-2011 average)

6.7% (2011-2017 avg. Forecast in OECD)

GDP per Growth

$18,348 (PPP, 2012)$10,666 ( Nominal, 2012)

GDP per capita

8.9% Agriculture. 28.1%; Industry 63.0% Services

GDP by sector

6.1% (April 2013)5.3% (2013 target)5.0% (2014 target)

Inflation

conclusion• Economy:- The economy of Turkey is defined

as an emerging market economy and it is largely developed, making Turkey is one of the world's newly industrialized countries.

GDP:- $1.358 trillion (PURCHASING POWER PARITY,

2012)

• $789.257 billion (Nominal GDP, 2012)GDP GROWTH:- 5.2% (2002-2011 average) 6.7% (2011-2017 avg. Forecast in OECD)GDP BY SECTOR:- agriculture:8.9%;

industry: 28.1%;services: 63.0% (2012 est.)

• Population below poverty line:- IN THIS RANKING

TURKEY IS AT NO.116 AND ONLY 16.9 % PEOPLE ARE BELOW THEN POVERTY LINE .

EXPORT:- $163.40 billion EXPORT GOODS:- apparel, foodstuffs, textiles, metalmanufactures, transport

Germany 8.6% Iraq 7.1% Iran 6.5% United Kingdom 5.7% United Arab Emirates 5.4% Russia 4.4% Italy 4.2% France 4.1% (2012 est.) uipment

MAJOR COMPANIES:- TURKEY HAS A WELL

KNOWN NAME IN PRODUCING TRANSPORT VEHICLES.

REVENUES:- $ 209.8 BILLIONEXPENCES:- $ 213,3 BILLIONAID:- $1.3 BILLION

• FINAL WORDS:- TURKEY HAS A GOOD

ECONOMY RATE AND WELL DEVELOPED COUNTRY AND GROWING G D P .IF TURKEY MENTAIN THEIR GDP RATE THEN IT SHOULD BE CONSIDERD AS MOST DEVELOPED COUNTRY.

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