Introduction to Open Educational Resources (OER)

Introduction to Open Educational Resources (OER)

Michael PaskeviciusLearning Technologies Application Developer

Centre for Innovation and Excellence in Learning

Search & Create LicenseRemix Share

2009-2012

What does the term open educational resources (OER) mean to you?

by  dkscully 

Open Educational Resources

Shared

Shared freely and openly to

be…

Used

Improved

Redistributed

… used by anyone to … … adapt / repurpose/

improve under some type of license in order

to …

… redistribute and share

again.

Open Content / Open educational resources (OER) / Open Courseware are educational materials which are discoverable online and openly licensed that can be:

Available to other faculties, students and institutions.

Other educators can now discover and reuse.

Learning activity or resource

Creates

Designated as OER on web

Adapted from Conole, G., McAndrew, P. & Dimitriadis, Y., 2010

Shares with studentsand other faculty

Traditional sharing of teaching materials

Sharing educational resources as OER

Additional considerations:• Clearing of copyright issues• Formatting for web and accessibility for reuse• Addition of descriptive metadata• Publishing in repository, referatory or on the web

Educator

Sharing beyond the classroom

• Alternative copyright Licensing

• A range of financial models

• Affordances of the Internet

• Change in philosophy

Social Technical

LegalFinancial

What has enabled OER?

The Open Movement

Change in philosophy towards an “Open Movement”Open Source Software

Open Access

Open Licences

Open Science

Open Society

Open Educational Resources

Open Data

Affordances of the Internet

Title : File:Internet map 1024.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaSource : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024.jpglicense : Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported

A range of financial models

• Donor funding – e.g. Hewlett Foundation• Marketing budget – e.g. Open University• Commission – e.g. MIT and Amazon• Endowment – e.g. Stanford Encyclopedia of

Philosophy• Membership – e.g. Sakai Consortium, OCWC• Government – e.g. UK £7.8 million grant, US

commitment to OER

What happens when you create and share something on the internet?

Your work is automatically protected under copyright!

Online DOES NOT EQUAL openly licensed!

Pixel | Flickr - Photo Sharing! : taken from - http://www.flickr.com/photos/37408217@N08/5025870260/ Author: filin ilia - aliyo.hu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/deed.en

© Cancels the PossibilitiesOf digital media and the internet

InternetEnables

What to do?

CopyrightForbids

Wiley, D. (2012) Openness and the Future. ETS Future of Assessment Conference. Presentation available: http://www.slideshare.net/opencontent/openness-and-the-future-of-assessment

Alternative copyright Licensing

2003-05

2003-08

2003-11

2004-02

2004-05

2004-08

2004-11

2005-02

2005-05

2005-08

2005-11

2006-02

2006-05

2006-12

2007-03

2007-06

2007-11

2008-02

2008-05

2008-08

2008-11

2009-02

2009-05

2009-08

2009-11

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2010-05

2010-08

2010-11

2011-02

2011-05

0

50,000,000

100,000,000

150,000,000

200,000,000

250,000,000

300,000,000

350,000,000

400,000,000

450,000,000

Minimum Total Creative Commons Licensed Works

http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Metrics

http://creativecommons.org/choose/

Choosing a Creative Commons License

Which Creative Commons licence is right for me? poster | Creative Commons Australia : taken from - http://creativecommons.org.au/learn-more/fact-sheets/which-creative-commons-licence-is-right-for-me-poster http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/

Recap: What makes an OER?

• Educational curriculum, materials or mixed media

• Discoverable online as they are shared freely and openly

• Openly licensed (usually Creative Commons)• Can be legally used by anyone to repurpose/

improve and redistribute

OPEN VERSUS CLOSED WEB RESOURCES

The origins of OER: MIT OpenCourseWare

Open Course Ware: Open University

Copyright CourseWare: Network Science

Open Video: The Khan Academy

Mostly closed video: YouTube

YouTube recently launched a Creative Commons licensing option

Open Encyclopedia: Wikipedia

Closed Encyclopedia: Encyclopedia Britannica

Internet Enables - Copyright Forbids

http://torrentfreak.com/police-raid-school-teacher-for-uploading-history-book-for-students-130520

• Use openly licensed content whenever possible when creating your own digital teaching resources (if planning to share openly online)

• Link back and cite open sources within your content

http://www.roniloren.com/blog/2012/7/20/bloggers-beware-you-can-get-sued-for-using-pics-on-your-blog.html

WHERE TO FIND OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES

A good starting point: OER Commons

OCWC Search

Open learning object repository: Merlot

Open textbooks: Connexions

Open textbooks for K12: Siyavula

Aggregated video/podcasts: Academic Earth

Mixed Media: Wikimedia

University of Minnesota: Open academics textbook catalog

Free and open source software

More here: http://www.tripwiremagazine.com/2010/03/20-most-popular-open-source-software-ever-2.htmlhttps://docs.google.com/document/d/1Fh7z6Oz4tBK5yvhjdf3UIRjmhJZrO5SJFFIUngLRaF4/edit

Alternative to: Dreamweaver or hand coded web design

Alternative to: Adobe Audition or Wavelab Alternative to: MS Word,

Excel, PowerPoint, Access, Visio

Alternative to: MS Notepad or Dreamweaver

Alternative to: MS Windows, Apple OS Alternative to: MS

MediaPlayer

Alternative to: Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator

Open access research: DOAJ

List of Journals Licensed under a Creative Commons License

B.C. Open Textbook Project

Brigham Young University faculty survey seeks to advance open education through academic libraries | Flickr - Photo Sharing! : taken from - http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/6555466069/ Author: opensourceway http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en

“B.C. is leveraging 21st century-technologies and licensing to ensure its citizens have affordable access to

high-quality post-secondary textbooks. Open licensing on publicly funded content ensures the greatest

impact for the public dollar.“

Dr. Cable

Green (Creative Commons) http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2009-2013/2012AEIT0010-001581.htmCal for reviews: http://open.bccampus.ca/call-for-reviewers/

SOME TOOLS OF THE TRADE

A Creative Commons image by (ta)

https://wordpress.viu.ca/openeducationalresources/

Compfight image search and attribution tool

• Searches Creative Commons Flickr images

• Provides license and attribution for image

Creative Commons Search

Attribution made “easier”• Browser plugin lets you

know when you are on a webpage which uses Creative Commons

• Click icon to access attribution text

• Add on available for Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Wordpress and Drupal

http://openattribute.com/Demo

Xpert Image Attribution Tool • Searches Creative

Commons Flickr images

• Embeds license and attribution on image for download and use

http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/xpert/attribution/

Attributing Creative Commons

https://twitter.com/Mattclare/status/331429150143430659/photo/1

Author, Title, Source, URL to source, URL to license

MIT OpenCourseWare

Nuclear Systems Design Project | Nuclear Science and Engineering | MIT OpenCourseWare : taken from - http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/nuclear-engineering/22-033-nuclear-systems-design-project-fall-2011/ Author: Dr. Michael Short http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/deed.en_US

Wikipedia

Vancouver Island University - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia : taken from - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver_Island_University http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

BEYOND OPEN CONTENT by fd

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs): PLENK2010

MITx: MIT’s latest open education projectUdacity

Coursera

2012 - Year of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)

• Are they really open?• Content free, pay for

accreditation?• You pay with your data?

WHY GO OPEN?WHAT ARE THE POSSIBILITIES?

by ryancr

CHED Computer Literacy Guides• IEEE UCT chapter use the openly licensed CHED computer

literacy materials to support training in a computer lab donated to a high school

http://www.ebe.uct.ac.za/usr/ebe/staff/april2010.pdf

Creative Commons Licensing Screencast• Creative Commons licensing video is translated into

Czechoslovakian, French, Italian and Spanish on YouTube

Studying at University: A guide for first year students

• Used by multiple universities across South Africa • The guide has been accessed over 3800 times on

the web and over 600 physical printed guides have been sold

• Now used at VIU!

OpenContent becomes a Journal Article

• Materials published as OER selected for publishing in the Journal of Occupational Therapy of Galicia, an open access journal for occupational therapists in the Spanish speaking world

http://blogs.uct.ac.za/blog/oer-uct/2010/12/06/sharing-knowledge-leads-to-opportunities

Measuring influence: Alternative metrics

Closing note:

"When you learn transparently (and openly) you become a teacher“

Siemens, 2010

Siemens, G. & Matheos, K. (2010). Open Social Learning in Higher Education: An African Context. VI International Seminar of the UNESCO chair in e-learning; open social learning. Available online: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oexie4cwpf8

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License. To view a copy of this license, visit

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ca/

Prepared by: Michael Paskevicius Learning Technologies Application DeveloperCentre for Innovation and Excellence in Learningmichael.paskevicus@viu.ca

Follow me: http://twitter.com/mpaskevi

Blog: http://wordpress.viu.ca/edtechdev/

Presentations: http://www.slideshare.net/mpaskevi