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Gavin W. Maneveldt1 & Louis Fourie2
1Department of Biodiversity & Conservation Biology2Department of Information Systems
University of the Western CapeP. Bag X17, Bellville 7535, RSA
gmaneveldt@uwc.ac.za ; lfourie@uwc.ac.za
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Key Ideas Key Ideas Underlying Underlying
Concept MapsConcept Maps
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Concept maps are based on:
•Theory of Knowledge
•Theory of Learning
All knowledge is built from Concepts and Propositions.
David Ausubel’s assimilation theory:Meaningful Learning involves changing one’s current knowledge as a result of the comprehension of new knowledge.
•Research in Education (Joseph Novak)
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
All knowledge is built from Concepts and Propositions.
Foundation One:
Theory of Knowledge
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Concept
“A perceived regularity in events or objects, or records of events or objects, designated by a label” (Joseph Novak).
LifeCellBlueShip
DemocracyUnicorn
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Proposition
An expression of the relation between concepts. A basic unit of meaning or expression.
•e.g. organisms are composed of cells
•e.g. ship is blue
•e.g. cats have kittens
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
“My son plays with the red truck.”
Propositions vs Sentences
PROPOSITION CONCEPT RELATION CONCEPT
1 I have a son
2 son engages in play
3 plays with a truck
4 truck is red
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Concept Maps
Represent knowledge using diagrams that express
concepts and propositions
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Anatomy of a Concept Map
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
The importance of the linking phrases
Without the relations, our knowledge would not
“cohere”.
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Foundation Two:
Theory of Learning
David Ausubel’s assimilation theory:Meaningful Learning involves changing
one’s current knowledge as a result of the comprehension of new knowledge.
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
David Ausubel (1968)
“If I had to reduce all of educational psychology to just one principle I would say this: The most important single factor influencing learning is what the learner already knows. Ascertain this and teach him accordingly.”
* Epigraph, Educational Psychology: A cognitive view
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Key ideas
1.Distinction between rote and meaningful learning.
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Key ideas
2.Meaningful Learning requires:1.“The material learned MUST be
conceptually clear and presented with language and examples relatable to the learner’s prior knowledge.”
2.“The learner MUST possess prior knowledge.”
3.“The learner MUST choose to learn meaningfully.”
David Ausubel (1968)
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Key ideas
2.In the process of meaningful learning, people naturally construct meanings for concepts and propositions based on experiences, building up their knowledge structure.
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
… a process is called
“assimilation”
Meaningful Learning involves changing one’s current knowledge as a result of the comprehension of new knowledge.
Ausubel’s Theory of Learning
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
… represent knowledge using diagrams that express concepts and propositions.
Thus concept maps …
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Benefits for the Designer
The process of drawing the map: Helps designer understand the domain. Is a creative process – new discoveries
are made as the map is drawn. Helps establish credibility with the team.
The map itself: Offers the first chance to interject the
user as a guiding concept for the product.
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
How to construct aHow to construct aConcept MapConcept Map
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
How to make a concept map
1. Identify the main concept2. List related concepts3. Draw a rough map4. Identify synonyms and instances5. Redraw, Redraw, Redraw6. Get feedback from others7. (Repeat 4-6)
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
CmapTools
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Prof Joseph Novak Alberto Canas(Associate Director, IHMC
Leader of the CmapTools team)
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
http://cmap.ihmc.us/
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Currently being used in over 130 countries
An Introduction to Concept Maps – Gavin W. Maneveldt & Louis Fourie
Getting started
Examples of concepts
maps using CmapTools.
Gavin W. Maneveldt1 & Louis Fourie2
1Department of Biodiversity & Conservation Biology2Department of Information Systems
University of the Western CapeP. Bag X17, Bellville 7535, RSA
gmaneveldt@uwc.ac.za ; lfourie@uwc.ac.za
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