Indexing languages

INDEXING LANGUAGES

Much more than a list of index terms that are acceptable to users.

Contains mechanisms for structuring and using those terms.

What are the uses of Indexing Language in the

Indexing Process?

To allow the indexer to represent the subject

matter of the documents in a consistent way.

Example:

COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICESSN: Various services within the community

directed towards the promotion of the mental and physical well-being of community.

BT: HEALTH SERVICESNT: CHILD HEALTH SERVICES CLINIC VISITS HEALTH EDUCATION MATERNAL CHILD HEALTH SERVICES

To bring the vocabulary used by the searcher into

coincidence with the vocabulary used by the

indexer.

Example:

FEMALE Use WOMEN

FEMALE FERTILITY Use INFERTILITY

To provide means whereby a searcher can

modulate a search strategy in order to

achieve high recall or high precision as varying

circumstances demand.

Example:

If the conceptual analysis resulted on this topic:

GROWTH, POLITICS and the STRATIFICATION of PLACES then the translation of this concept into the language of the system using the subject authority file on Education will be:

GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION, ECOLOGICAL FACTORS, HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, QUALITY OF LIFE, POLITICAL INFLUENCES, THEORIES,& GROWTH PATTERN.

What are the components of the Indexing Language?

Indexing Languages has three components:

VOCABULARY

The vocabulary of the Indexing Languages is

composed of terms loosely called INDEX

TERMS.

2 TYPES OF VOCABULARY

INDEX VOCABULARY

Consists of index terms which are assigned to express the concepts of the author.

Also called DESCRIPTORS.Ex.DEACIDIFICATIONDEAD TITLESDECAYDEPOSITORY COLLECTIONDEPRECIATION

APPROACH VOCABULARY

Consists of terms which are used as lead-in terms to the index terms.

EX.Able studentsUse, Academically GiftedAcademic AdvisementUse, Educational CounselingActivity LearningUse, Experimental Learning

SYNTAX

A complete indexing language includes certain devices which are used to achieve either high recall or high precision in both

indexing and search operations.

Referred to as indexing devices.

2types of indexing devices

RECALL DEVICES:

Indexing languages devices that group terms together into classes of one type or

another so that such devices will allow improvements in

recall in search operation and will make the index consistent in assigning index terms that

represent the subject contents of documents.

Example:

SynonymsDISASTER, Syn: calamity, catastrophe, misadventure,

tragedyNs: Accident, casualty, fatality, misfortune,

rocks.Qs: Boon, fortune, luck

EXAMPLE:

Control of wordTenure Emotional

SecurityUse, JOB TENURE USE, INSECURITY

EXAMPLE:

Hierarchical relationshipsINFANT NUTRITIONSn: nutrition of children from birth to 2

years of ageBt: NutritionNt: Bottle Feeding Breast Feeding

Precision Devices:

I. L. Devices that when used with association with

terms will increase the shades of meaning of the

terms.

Example:

Adjectival headings: FRUIT WINE; OFFICE MANAGEMENT.

Phrase Headings: STUDY, METHOD OF; WOMEN AS AUTHORS

Compound headings: SCIENCE AND RELIGION; BANKS AND BANKING.

What are the types of indexing languages?

Controlled Vocabulary/ARTIFICIAL LANGUAGE

An indexer can only assign to a document terms that appear on the list adopted by the library or information center.

Basically an authority list.

Enables us to use concept indexing.

NATURAL LANGUAGE

If we use terms as they appear in documents without modifications we are using natural language or DERIVATIVE SYSTEM.

Terms are picked out from the text itself.

Example:

HEAT TREATMENT OF ALUMINUM Aluminum heat treatment.

Libraries for children OR children’s libraries

Libraries , Children’s

FREE LANGUAGE

Does not consist of a list of terms distinct from those used to describe concepts in a subject area.

Common in a computer indexing environment.

SA WAKAS

NATAPOS DIN………

…