Importance, area, production and productivity of cereals

VENKATESH R2014004003

INTRODUCTION

India is an agricultural country.

They produce 3 classes of crops such as

Food crops, Commercial crops & Oil seeds.

The main food crops of India are Rice,

Wheat, Maize & Barley etc.

The value for cereal production (metric tons)

in India was 293,940,000 as of 2013.

Over the past 52 years this indicator reached

a maximum value of 293,940,000 in 2013 and

a minimum value of 79,699,500 in 1965.

India is not only the largest producer of

cereal as well as largest exporter of cereal

products in the world.

India's export of cereals stood at Rs.

58279.80 crore during the year 2014-15.

Global2013-14 2014-15

estimate2015-16 forecast

Change 2015-16 over 2014-15

million tonnes %

Production 2526.1 2548.3 2509.2 -1.5

Trade 357.8 351.4 349.4 -0.6

Total utilization

2433.8 2496.0 2521.9 1.0

Ending stock 609.4 645.6 626.6 -2.9

RICE

Staple food crop - 60% of the world people.

About 90% of world’s rice is produced and

consumed in Asia.

Attractive ready to eat products-popped and

puffed rice, instant or rice flakes, canned rice and

fermented products are produced.

Rice straw is used as cattle feed, used for thatching

roof and in cottage industry for preparation of

hats, mats, ropes, sound absorbing straw board

and used as litter material.

Rice husk is used as animal feed, for paper

making, as fuel source

Rice bran is used in cattle and poultry feed,

defatted bran, which is rich in protein, can be used

in the preparation of biscuits and as cattle feed.

Rice bran oil is used in soap industry.

Rice bran wax, a byproduct of rice bran oil is used

in industries.

Global

2013-14 2014-15 estimate

2015-16 forecast

Change 2015-16 over 2014-15

Million tonnes %

Production 496.6 494.4 500.1 1.2

Trade 42.4 41.4 42.4 2.4

Total utilization

491.2 499.9 508.3 1.7

Ending stock 181.1 176.2 168.2 -4.6

Global

GLOBAL MAJOR EXPORTERS

GLOBAL MAJOR IMPORTERS

India

India

Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics

AREA PRODUCTION

Minimum support price for Rice unit : Rs\quintal

Rice quality 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16

Common 1310 1360 1410

Grade A 1345 1400 1450

Source: Commission for agriculture costs and prices

India

WHEAT

India is today the second largest wheat

producer in the whole world.

Wheat cultivation in India traditionally been

dominated by the northern region of India.

The northern states of Punjab and Haryana

Plains in India have been prolific wheat

producers.

Its high gluten strength and uniform golden

colour makes it ideal for bread making and pasta

preparation.

The country has exported 29,24,070.18 MT of

wheat to the world for the worth of Rs. 4,991.82

crores during the year of 2014-15.

Global

2013-14 2014-15 estimate

2015-16 forecast

Change 2015-16 over 2014-15

Million tonnes %

Production 717.2 729.5 719.1 -1.4

Trade 156.7 153.0 151.0 -1.3

Total utilization

695.2 711.7 716.1 0.6

Ending stock 189.4 200.0 198.9 -0.5

Global

GLOBAL MAJOR IMPORTERS

GLOBAL MAJOR EXPORTERS

Source: Ministry of Agriculture, GOI.

India

India

MAIZE

Maize ranks as 3rd most important cereal in

India.

India is the sixth largest producer of maize in

the world contributing 2% of the global

production

Diversified use of maize

Food, feed, biofuel, edible oil, breakfast

food.

Maize demand will continue to increase in

view of increasing demand in poultry and

livestock sectors in the country

Maize is a promising option for

diversifying agriculture due to its resilience to

changing climate

Significance of maize for poultry industry in IndiaMaize and egg production

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

Mai

ze p

rodu

ction

(mill

ion

tons

)

Egg

prod

uctio

n (B

illio

n N

umbe

r)

Egg production

Maize production

Current maize utilisation pattern in India & World

Food16%

Poultry Feed52%

Live-stock Feed11%

Starch/ethanol

19%

Seed1%

Food process-ing1%

2014

Global production of maize (m tons)

Americas (2.4%)

Asia (3.7%)

East Asia (3.5%)Europe (1.2%)

CAGR

Source: FAOSTAT 2015

19801981

19821983

19841985

19861987

19881989

19901991

19921993

19941995

19961997

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

20102011

20122013

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

World

Global

Maize production (in M MT)

Global

Yields of the major maize producing countries (t/ha)

USA China Brazil Argentina Ukraine India Mexico Others World

7.4

4.5

1.9

3.5

2.5

1.52.0

2.4

3.7

8.6

4.6

2.7

5.4

3.0

1.82.5

2.8

4.3

10.0

6.0

5.3

6.6 6.4

2.5

3.23.6

5.5

1990 2000 2013

Source: FAOSTAT 2015

MSP of maize and other commodities (Rs/Q)

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

540 540620

840 840 880980

1175

1310 1310

MSP of Maize (Rs/Qtl)

Projected demand of maize in India

Source :DMR, New Delhi

BARLEY&RYE

Global

EU RUSSIA UKRAINE TURKEY CANADA

9957

3358

638350 210

RYE PRODUCTION 2013-2014PRODUCTION IN 1000METRIC TONS

TAMILNADU

Area m.ha

Productionm.t

Productivity kg\ha

Rice 1.79 5.54 3100

Maize 0.3 1.64 5440

Area, Production & Productivity – 2013-2014

Area, Production & Productivity – 2014-15

47

Crop Area (L.Ha.)

Production (L.MT)

Productivity(kg/Ha)

Target Est Target Est Target Est

Rice 21.00 18.30 92.00 79.14 4381 4325

Area -2015-16 (L.Ha.)

Crop Target

Kharif Rabi Total

Paddy 6.500 14.500 21.000

Southern Hill Zone(SHZ) Nilgiris & Palani Hills of Tamil Nadu 0.1m ha

SUMMARY

Rice West Bengal 15.31m.tUttar Pradesh 14.63 m.tAndhra Pradesh 13.03 m.tAll India 106.54 m.t

Wheat Uttar Pradesh 30.25 m.tPunjab 17.04 m.tMadhya Pradesh 13.93 m.tAll India 95.91 m.t

Maize Andhra Pradesh 4.97 m.tKarnataka 3.98 m.tMaharashtra 3.08 m.tAll India 24.35 m.t

Thank you