Humanism in Education

HumanismMARKLEEN L. GUIMBAO

HumanismFrom

HUMANISM

It is an approach in study, philosophy, or practice that focuses on human values and concerns.

HUMANISM

It is an example of life stance which may be considered to be religious (usually in a non-theistic, ethical sense) or non-religious or anti-religious.

This term can mean several things, for example:

• an educational movement, associated especially with the Italian Renaissance, that emphasized the study of Greek and Roman literature, rhetoric, and moral philosophy – the humanities – in the formation of character; and

HUMANISM

This term can mean several things, for example:

HUMANISM

• a secular ideology that espouses benevolence through the use of reason, ethics, and justice, whilst specifically rejecting supernatural and religious dogma as a basis of morality and decision-making.

Educational HUMANISM

• Humanism, as a current in education, began to dominate U.S. school systems in the 17th century. It held that the studies that develop human intellect are those that make humans “most truly human”.

Educational HUMANISM

• The practical basis for this was faculty psychology, or the belief in distinct intellectual faculties, such as the analytical, the mathematical, the linguistic, etc.

• Strengthening one faculty was believed to benefit other faculties as well (transfer of training).

Educational HUMANISM

• A key player in the late 19th – century educational humanism was U.S. Commissioner of EducationWilliam Torrey Harris.

Educational HUMANISM

The “Five Windows of the Soul” of Harris which were believed especially appropriate for “development of the faculties”:

1. Mathematics,2. Geography,3. History,4. Grammar, and5. Literature/Art.

HumanismBased on the academic essay of

Frederick Edwords

The word “humanism” has a number of meaning, and because authors and speakers often don’t clarify which meaning they intend, those trying to explain humanism can easily become a source of confusion.

- Frederick Edwords

HUMANISM

HUMANISM Each meaning

of the word constitutes a different type of humanism.

Frederick Edwords

Literary Humanism

Types HUMANISM

- a devotion to the humanities or literary culture.

Renaissance Humanism

Types HUMANISM

- the spirit of learning that developed at the end of the middle ages with the revival of classical letters and a renewed confidence in the ability of human beings to determine for themselves truth and falsehood.

Cultural Humanism

Types HUMANISM

- the rational & empirical tradition that originated largely in ancient Greece and Rome, and now constitutes a basic part of the Western approach to science, political theory, ethics, and law.

Cultural Humanism

Types HUMANISM

- any outlook or way of life centered on human need and interest.

- sub-categories of this type include Christian Humanism & Modern Humanism.

Christian Humanism

Types HUMANISM

- a philosophy advocating the self-fulfillment of man within the framework of Christian principles.

Modern Humanism

Types HUMANISM

- a naturalistic philosophy that rejects all supernaturalism and relies primarily upon reason & science, democracy & human compassion.- has dual origin, both secular and religious.

Humanismfrom

www.edpsycinteractive.org

HUMANISM Humanism is a school of thought

that believes human beings are

different from other species and possess capacities

not found in animals

Frederick Edwords

HUMANISM

Five Basic Objectives of Humanistic View of Educationas described by:

Gage Berlinerand

Five Basic Objectives of Humanistic View of Education

1. promote positive self-direction and independence (development of the regulatory system);

2. develop the ability to take responsibility for what is learned (regulatory and affective systems);

3. develop creativity (divergent thinking aspect of cognition);

4. curiosity (exploratory behavior, a function of imbalance or dissonance in any of the systems); &

5. an interest in the arts (primarily to develop the affective/emotional system).

HUMANISM

Some Basic Principles of the Humanistic Approach that were used to

develop the objectives:

1. Students will learn best what they want and need to know.

2. Knowing how to learn is more important than acquiring a lot of knowledge.

HUMANISM

Some Basic Principles of the Humanistic Approach that were used to

develop the objectives:

3. Self-evaluation is the only meaningful evaluation of a student's work.

4. Feelings are as important as facts. 5. Students learn best in a non-

threatening environment.

Thank Youfor Listening!

Markleen L. Guimbao