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Fertilization (mosly mice and mammals)
Chapter 10
Cumulus Cells
Follicle cells shed with the egg
when it is released
Hyaluronic Acid
major component of the extracellular matrix
Hyaluronidase
enzymein the sperm head
Zona Pellucida
Extracellular glycoproteinssurrounding the oocyte,secreted by follicle cells
ZP1, ZP2, ZP3
Three glycoproteinsthat comprise the zona
Glycoprotein
Protein with sugars attached
GalT
The sperm-surface proteinthat binds to ZP3,
resulting in the arcosome reaction
Arcosome Reaction
Rapid exocytosis of the arcosomal vesicle
containing arcosin
Arcosin
A serine proteasethat digests a path
through the zona
ADAM Proteins
Sperm proteins that bindintegrins on the egg surface
Integrins
“...receptors that mediate attachment...”
Cell fusion
The joining of membranesand ultimately of cells
leads to the rise ofintracellular [Ca2+] and
Release of cortical granules
Secretory vesicles containing glycosidases and proteases
modifies the zona so sperm can no longer bind
Glycosidase
Enzyme that hydrolyzes glycosidic linkages
Preventspolyspermy
Fertilization of an eggby more than one sperm
Completion ofsecond meiotic division(expulsion of second polar body)
Pronuclei breakdown.
Chromosomes align for first cleavage.
Centriole forms the firstmitotic spindle
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