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Fabric studies final fabric styling first ppt
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Fabric Studies
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Fiber structure Physical attributes
• Fiber length• Staple fibers• Filament fibers- silk
• Fiber shape- fiber cross-sectional shape influences the way light is reflected from the surface. A flat surface fiber has more luster than a round one. A round fiber reflects light is one general direction, causing a shiny surface.
• A multi lobal shaped fiber tends to scatter the light, causing the diffuse glow with sparkles.
• Irregular cross-section scatters light in many directions, resulting a dullish appearance.
.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
• Fiber surface- The surface of fiber vary.
• Smooth, rough, slightly grooved, wrinkled etc.
• The fiber surface affects such as properties as hand, luster and wicking
• Fiber Longitudinal Configuration
• Lengthwise, fibers have varying configurations. They may be straight, twisted, coiled, or crimped. Exp cotton and nylon.
• Various properties like resiliency, elasticity and abrasion resistance are affected by fiber longitudinal configuration.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
• Greater crimp increase resiliency, bulk, warmth, elongation, absorbency and skin comfort.
• However , hand becomes harsher and luster is reduced as crimp increases
• Crimp allows the fiber to stand off the skin so fabric will not cling to the wearer skin.
• Crimp is inherent in the wool fiber.
• Fiber Diameter
• Fiber diameter refers to the thickness of the fiber. Thicker fibers result is greater stiffness, which improves wrinkle resistance but can also result in an undesirable roughness.
• Large diameter fibers result in bulkier fabrics. Fine diameter fibers can result in fabric that is sheer, lightweight and generally more drapable and softer to the touch than the fabric of thicker fibers.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
• Chemical composition and molecular formation
• fibers are classified into various groups by their chemical composition:
• Cellulosic, protein and synthetic
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Essential properties
• Abrasion Resistance- is the ability to resist wear from rubbing that contributes to
fabric durability.
• Exp- Nylon is used extensively in action outerwear, such as ski jackets , and soccer
shorts, because it is very strong and resist abrasion .
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
• Absorbency – Absorbency is the ability to take in moisture.
• Fibers able to absorb water easily are called hydrophilic fibers.
• Hydrophilic fibers- all natural animal and vegetable fibers and two manufactured
fibers, rayon and acetate.
• Hydrophobic fibers- fibers that have difficulty absorbing water and are only able to
absorb small amounts .
• Skin comfort, Static build-up, dimensional stability in water, stain removal,
water repellency, wrinkle recovery04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
• Cover- cover is the ability to occupy an area. A thick fiber or one with crimp or curl
gives fabric better cover than a thin, straight fiber.
• Elasticity- is the ability to increase in length when under tension (elongation ) and
then return to the original length when released (recovery)
• Lengthening when tension is placed on the fiber or fabric makes for a more
comfortable garment and causes less seam stress.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
• Environmental conditions- the effect of environmental conditions on fibers vary.
How fabrics react to certain exposure or storage , is important. The following are
some examples-
• Wool garments needs to be mothproofed when stored because they are susceptible
to damage by these wool eating insects.
• Nylon and silk show strength losses from extended exposure to sunlight. Therefore ,
they are normally not used for curtains and drapes.
• Cotton has poor resistance to mildew and should not be allowed to remain wet for
long periods of time.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
• Flammability- is the ability to ignite or burn.
• Fibers are usually classified as being flammable flame resistant , or flameproof.
• Flammable fibers- are relatively easy to ignite and sustain combustion.
• Flame-resistant fibers- have a relatively high ignition temperature and slow rate of
burning .
• Flame proof fibers- will not burn.
• Regular polyester is flammable , but Trevira polyester , which is flame resistant.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
• Flexibility- is the capability of fibers to bend easily and repeatedly without breaking.
• Hand- is the way a fiber, yarn or fabric feels when handled. The hand of the fiber is affected by its shape, surface and configuration .
• Luster- refers to the light reflected from a surface. Various characteristics of a fiber effect the amount of luster.
• Increased light reflection occurs from a smoother surface, less crimp, flatter cross sectional shape and longer fiber length.
• Pilling- is the formation of groups of short or broken fibers on the surface of a fabric that are tangled together in the shape of tiny ball called pill.
• Resiliency- is the capability of a material to spring back to shape after being creased, twisted or distorted.
• A fabric that has good resiliency does not wrinkle easily
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
• Specific gravity- is the ratio of the mass of the fiber to an equal volume of water at
4degree c .
• Static Electricity- is a frictional electric charge caused by the rubbing together of two
dissimilar materials.
• Strength- is a fiber’s ability to withstand stress.
• Tenacity- the force needed to break the fiber, is known as tenacity and expressed in
grams per denier or grams per fiber weight.
• Glass, Nylon and Polyester are very strong. Acetate and acrylic are weak.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
• Thermo plasticity- the ability of fibers to withstand heat exposure is an important
factor affecting their suitability for many end uses.
• Wicking- is the ability of fiber to transfer moisture from one section to another.
Usually the moisture is along the fiber surface, but it may also pass through the fiber
when a liquid is absorbed by the fiber.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
scan
Molecular arrangements in fibers
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Longitudinal forms and surface texture of fibers
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Effects of external features and delusterant particles on fiber luster
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Texturizing yarns
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Texturizing yarns
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Developments of fibres• Till the beginning of 20th century all fibres in use were natural
• Around 1891-92 the first man-made ‘Artificial Silk’ (Viscose rayon) was discovered
• In 1938, Dupont developed the first synthetic polyamide fibre ‘Nylon’, followed by the development of polyester
• Thus a distinct class of man-made fibres/ synthetic fibres were developed
• 1950-60s –acrylic, PP, PVA, Teflon, Lycra were developed
• In the last fifty years of research a host of new improved man-made cellulosic, protein, aramid and functional fibres have been developed
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Classification of fibres
Fibres
Natural Man-made
Vegetable/Cellulosic
Animal/Protein
Mineral
Cellulosic
Synthetic
Protein
Mineral
Metallic
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Cellulosic fibres
Cellulosic fibresCotton
Hemp
Jute
Flax
Sisal
Coir
Pina
Banana
Bamboo
Kenaf fibre
Kenaf Products
Coir mat
Hemp filament bag
Extraction of
Banana fibre
Towels from bamboo fibre
Costume from pina fibre Cotton fibre
Jute
Hemp
Sisal
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Cotton
• Comfort factors- High absorbency makes cotton
suitable for hot weather clothing- Slow in wicking moisture from inner
to the outer surface of the fabric
• Care factors
- May be laundered or dry cleaned, withstands frequent laundering. Cotton which is not sanforized tends to shrink on washing
- Weakened by acids, have high resistance to alkalies
Cross –section and longitudinal view of cotton fibre before mercerization
Cotton fibre after mercerization
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Cotton fibre• Microscopic appearance
• Crystallinity
• Tensile strength: 3.5 g/d -4 g/d ( wet strength 4.5 g/d)
• Elongation 3-7%
• Hygroscopic nature
• Chemical properties:
– Effect of acids
– Effect of alkalis
– Effect of bleaches
• Effect of sunlight
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Flax (Linen)
• Comfort factors- High absorbency and quick drying
makes linen suitable for hot weather clothing
- Poor elasticity gives stiff handle
• Care factors- May be laundered or dry cleaned,
withstands frequent laundering. - Wrinkling and crease formation
occurs easily- Weakened by acids, have high
resistance to alkalies
Cross sectional and longitudinal view of flax
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Flax fibre
• Microscopic appearance
• Crystallinity more than cotton
• Tensile strength: 3.5 g/d -5g/d Elongation 2%
• Hygroscopic nature
• Chemical properties:
– Effect of acids
– Effect of alkalis
– Effect of bleaches
• Effect of sunlight
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Properties
Cotton Flax Jute Viscose rayon
Composition Cellulose Cellulose Cellulose Cellulose
Tenacity, g/d 3-5 3.5-5 3.5-5 2.5 – 3
Elongation, %
5% 2% 1.5-2% 16-18%
Moisture Regain. %
8.5 % 7% 7% 12-14%
Thermal properties
1500 C starts discolouring, doesnot melt
2800 C starts discolouring, doesnot melt
2800 C starts discolouring, doesnot melt
1500 C starts discolouring, doesnot melt
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Natural Protein fibres
Protein fibres
Silk Wool Speciality hair
Indian silk
Chinese silk
Dupion silk
Spun silk
Sheep/ lamb Camel (alpaca)
Goat (mohair)
Angora rabbit
Goat (Cashmere)
Mulberry
Tasar
Muga
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Wool
• Comfort factors
- Absorbs water, good wicking ability
- Thermal and insulating qualities contribute to warming effect making it suitable for cold weather clothing
• Care factors
- Usually dry cleaned - Yellows and discolours when
subjected to chlorine bleach- Damaged by moths unless
treated- Susceptible to pilling
SEM image of wool
Wool fibre with natural crimp
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Wool -properties• Structure• Felting of wool: It is the irreversible shrinkage of the length, breadth or
thickness of the yarn. This is done by subjecting the woollen textile to agitation in an aqueous solution.
• Wool polymer: keratin ( repeating units: amino acids)– Cystine ( sulphur containing amino acids)– Crystallinity: 25-30 % crystalline
• Tenacity: 1.4-2.4 g/d• Elongation: 25%• Moisture regain: 18-20%• Heat of wetting from dry to saturation ( joules per gram): 113• Thermal properties: poor conductor • Setting of wool
– Temporary set– Permanent set– Chemical set
• Chemical properties
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Silk
• Comfort factors- Absorbs moisture, good wicking ability- High thermal conductivity
- Warmer than other natural fibre fabrics of comparable weight, good elasticity
• Care factors
- Preferably dry cleaned, stains from body oil and perspiration, water spots appear from steam
- Tends to shrink when dry cleaned
- Attacked by moth and other insects
SEM image of silk filament
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Silk -properties• Structure
• Silk polymer: Amino acids( 16 types. Wool- 20 types)
• Crystallinity: 60-70% crystalline
• Tenacity: 4.5 g/d
• Elongation: 20%
• Moisture regain: 11%
• Thermal properties: poor conductor
• Chemical properties– Degrades more readily by acids than wool ( acidic perspiration damages
silk)– Alkalis causes swelling and dissolution
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Angora
• The hair of the Angora rabbit is allowed to
grow 3 or more inches long before it is
clipped, sheared, or plucked. This process
causes no harm to the animals and are
carried out four times each year.
• The total annual yield for a single Angora
rabbit ranges from 7 to 14 ounces, is
enough to construct one small garment,
such as a short-sleeved sweater.
• Clothing of Angora rabbit wool are usually
have a very nice feel against the skin.
Many people who find garments made of
sheep’s wool scratchy and uncomfortable
find Angora wool comfortable.
Angora rabbits
Angora woolPolarized microscopy image of angora fibre
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Cashmere
• Properties- Fibre is cylindrical, soft and silky, light
weight- In order to avoid pilling by local
friction, the lining must be slippery- Cashmere/ Pashmina can be dyed in
different colours
• Care factors- Preferably dry cleaned, should be
dried in shade, not direct sunlight- Cashmere garments should be folded
and kept and should not be hanged to prevent deformation.
Polarized light microscopy image of cashmere
Cashmere / Pashmina goats
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Alpaca
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Mineral fibre (Asbestos)• Type of rock ( silicates of
magnesium and calcium)
• Asbestos is used in industry for thermal insulation, fireproofing and sealing.
• Spun asbestos is used for fireproof and chemical-resistant clothing.
• The inhalation of large quantities of fibre can cause asbestosis which increases the risk of bronchial cancer.
• In particular, dusts < 200 micron are highly toxic and suspected of being a direct cause of tumours.
Asbestos fibres
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Man made fibres
Man made
Natural polymer Synthetic polymerRefractory
and related fibres
Regnerated cellulose
Cellulose acetate
Regenerated protein
Alginate, Chitosan
Polyesters
Polyamides
Polyurethane
Polypropylene
Polyethylene
Carbon fibre
Glass fibre
Metallic fibres
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Regenerated cellulosic fibre
Regenerated cellulosic fibre
Viscose rayon Polynosic Modal Lyocel Cellulose acetate Cellulose triacetae
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Viscose rayon
• Comfort factors- More absorbent than cotton, without
producing wet cling
- The irregular cross-section of viscose contributes to comfort when worn against skin
• Care factors- May be laundered or dry cleaned;
easy to iron
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Viscose rayon -properties• Microscopic appearance
• Crystallinity 35-40%
• Tensile strength: 2.5 g/d -3 g/d ( wet strength 1.5 g/d)
• Elongation 16-18%
• Moisture regain: 12-14%
• Chemical properties: More sensitive to acids than cotton
– Effect of acids
– Effect of alkalis
– Effect of bleaches
• Effect of sunlight
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Viscose rayon of different cross-sectional shapes
“Galaxy”- a Y–shaped viscose rayon fibre with highly absorbency and bulk
Viloft - a flat cross sectional viscose rayon fiber gives a unique soft handle and pleasing drape
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Modal
• Comfort factors
- More stronger than viscose in wet and dry state
- One problem is the almost perfectly circular cross-sectional shape; this makes leaner yarns than irregularly shaped standard viscose rayon.
• Care factors- May be laundered or dry cleaned;
easy to iron- But gradually fibrillate on wet
processing
Cross-section of modal fibres
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Lyocell
• Comfort factors
- More absorbent than cotton
• Care factors- May be laundered or dry cleaned;
easy to iron- But gradually fibrillate on abrasion in
wet state• Produced by Acordis and Lenzing AG.
More costly than viscose rayon
Cross section of lyocell
Surface view of lyocell
Fibrillation of lyocell fibre
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Cellulose acetate
• Comfort factors- Moisture regain is lower than viscose
rayon
• Care factors- Dry cleaning is recommended; easy
to iron, dries quickly- Shrinkage can occur during
laundering
• Applications- The use of acetate fibre has declined
in the past three decades but it can be used for medical gauze, ribbons, home furnishings, woven velvets, tricot knits, men's linings, circular knits, woven satins, woven women's linings.
- Thermoplastic fibre –can be heat set
SEM mage of cellulose acetate cross-section
Polarized microscope image of cellulose acetate filament- striations on surface
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Cellulose acetate- properties• Microscopic appearance
• Crystallinity : 40%
• Tenacity: 2.5 g/d
• Elongation 16-18%
• Moisture regain: 6.5 %
• Thermal properties: Heat sensitive, softens at 175-1900C
• Chemical properties: More sensitive to acids than cotton
– Effect of acids: Acids hydrolyze
– Effect of alkalis: Resistant to alkalies
– Effect of bleaches: Same as cotton fibres
• Effect of sunlight:
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Regenerated protein fibre- soybean protein fibre
• Soybean protein fibre (SPF) is produced from the residual cake after oil is extracted from soybean seeds.
• SPF fabrics have cashmere feel but is softer and smoother than cashmere.
• The moisture absorption is similar to that of cotton
• It has silk like luster and elegant drape.
• The elastic recovery rate is 55.4% where for other fibres it is 60-70%.
• Good colour fastness
Soybean seeds
Soybean fibre products
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Man made fibres from synthetic polymers
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Polyester fibre ( polyethylene terepthalate)
• Comfort factors- Most popular and common fibre
used in active wear and sportswear.
- Wicking is faster than cotton through hydrophobic in nature
- Hydrophilic finish can be applied when worn next to skin
• Care factors
- Easy care fibre
Normal polyester fibre
Antibacterial polyester fibre (zeolite added)
Hollow polyester filament
‘Eskimotech’ blanket from hollow polyester fibre
Coolmax (INVISTA) microchannel polyester fibre for sportwear
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Polyester-properties• Structure: Normal cross-section is circular
• Crystallinity: 65-85% crystalline
• Moisture regain: 0.4%
• Tenacity: Strong fibre (2.4-7 g/d) Wet tenacity is the same.
• Wrinkle resistance/ Crease resistance: The extreme crystallinity of the polymer system prevents the polyester filament from bending readily.
• Thermoplastic nature:
• Chemical properties:
– Effect of acids: ester groups of polyester are resistant to acid hydrolysis
– Effect of alkalis: Alkanine hydrolysis at the ester groups ( finer & silkier with regular laundering)
– Effect of bleaches: Sodium chlorite
• Effect of sunlight: Resistant to sunlight
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Nylon- polyamide polymer• Comfort factors- Trilobal and multilobal nylon
has good wicking properties
- High abrasion resistance
- High flexibility and elasticity
- Used in swimwear, cycling shorts, sports socks, etc.
• Care factors- Easily laundered, dries fast
- Fabrics have high tensile, tear and burst strength, even at low fabric weight
Nylon filament of different cross-sectional shapes
Silver incorporated antibacterial nylon filament
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Nylon -properties Structure: Normal cross-section is trilobal/ circular/ Density: 1.14 g/cc ( light weight) Crystallinity: 65-85% crystalline Moisture regain: 4% Tenacity: Strong fibre (3.5-7.2 g/d) Wet tenacity is the same. Wrinkle resistance/ Crease resistance: The high crystallinity of the
polymer system makes nylon crease resistant. Thermoplastic nature: Chemical properties: More sensitive to acids than cotton
Effect of acids: Less resistant to acid (amide groups- hydrolysis) Effect of alkalis: Frequent exposure causes alkanine hydrolysis
Effect of bleaches: hydrogen peroxide ,Sodium chlorite Effect of sunlight: Fair resistant to sunlight
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Acrylic
• Comfort factors- Acrylics have a soft handle
- The slight waviness of the acrylic fibres provides slight bulkiness to the yarns and warmth
• Care factors- Easily laundered, machine
washable, dries fastGeneral cross-section and surface view of acrylic fibre
Modacrylic winterwear
Blankets
Police vestsInflight products
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Properties-acrylic• Structure: Normal cross-section dog bone
• Density: 1.17 g/cc ( light weight)
• Crystallinity: 65-85% crystalline
• Moisture regain: 2.5 %
• Tenacity: 2.0-3.6 g/d
• Thermoplastic nature:
• Chemical properties: More sensitive to acids than cotton
– Effect of acids: Less resistant to acid
– Effect of alkalis: Weak alkalies do not affect acrylics
• Effect of sunlight: Fair resistant to sunlight
• End uses: blankets, carpets, socks, knitted sweaters, sportswear fabric
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Polypropylene ( Olefin Fibres)
• Different types of yarn, tapes, sheets and nonwoven products can be made
• Used widely in the production of disposable medical protective apparels, carpets and industrial textiles
PP products
Polarized microscope image of PP filament
Grass mats
Crop covers Bags Antiweed fabric
Carpets
Medical products
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Properties -olefin• Density: 0.91 g/cc ( light weight)
• Crystallinity: 65-85% crystalline
• Moisture regain: 0-0.05 % ( Doesn't absorb moisture, helps in quick transport of moisture)
• Tenacity: 1.5-7 g/d
• Thermoplastic nature:
• Chemical properties: generally excellent
• Effect of sunlight: Resistant to sunlight after incorporation of stabilizers
• Electric insulation : excellent
• Resistant to mildew, moth: Excellent
• End uses: carpets, socks, blankets, ropes, woven sacks, packing material, soft luggage, surgical disposables, etc.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
UHMWPE
• Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)
e.g. Dyneema
Spectra ( Allied signal)
Bullet proof vest
Bullet proof helmet04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Polyurethane
• Properties- Can be stretched to 600 times, elastic
property is unaffected by moisture due to its hydrophobic nature
• Comfort factors- Doesnot contribute to comfort
• Care factors- Hot water should not be used during
laundering. Should not be exposed to direct sunlight
Spandex is a generic term used in USA for elastomeric fibre.
LYCRA® is a registered trademark of INVISTA for premium stretch fibers and fabrics
Discovered in 1959 at Dupont by Joseph Shivers, spandex sprang in the market as an replacement for rubber
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Properties -Polyurethane
• Density: 1.2-1.35 g/cc ( light weight)• Crystallinity: amorphous• Moisture regain: 0-0.3 % • Tenacity: 1.5 g/d • Thermal properties: High temperature affects the fibre • Advantages over rubber: Prolonged exposure to sunlight hardens
& discolours rubber, it doesnot damage spandex. Body oils and dry-cleaning solvents damage rubber not spandex.
• Sensitive to high concentrations of chlorine.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Man made fibres from refractory and related
materials
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Glass• Properties- Brittle in nature- Resistant to very high
temperature- Resistant to chemicals - Limiting oxygen index (LOI) >100- Best utilized by embedding in
matrix forms
• Applications- Aircraft interiors- Glass reinforced composites- e.g. boat hulls, car bodies - Insulating material
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Carbon fibres
• Properties- High strength and modulus- Low extensibility and light weight- Usable temperature 315-3700C- Carbon nanotube incorporated
fibres are conductive in nature, with extremely high tensile strength
• Applications- Used for manufacture of
structural composites, used in aerospace, military, transportation and for industrial applications.
Carbon nanotubes
Carbon fibre
Carbon Fabric
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Ceramic fibre
Properties:
• Low thermal conductivity
• Thermal shock resistant
• Light weight
• Excellent sound absorption
• Resists most chemical attack
• Unaffected by water & steam
• Very low heat storage
• Resilient
• Uses:
Fire screen made from ceramic fibres
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Metallic fibre
• Metallic fibre, are composed of metal, metal-coated plastic, or of a core covered by metal (usually aluminum).
• Trademarked names include Chromeflex, Lurex, and Melora.
• Foil types are made with a metal foil that is coated with a plain or coloured plastic film and then cut into strips.
Protective coat with reflectors Comingled
conductive yarn04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Classification of fibres based on end uses
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Conventional fibres• Natural
e.g. cotton, wool, silk, jute, etc.
• Regenerated
e.g. viscose, lyocel, soybean
• Synthetic man made
e.g. polyamide, polyester, polyacrylics, polyurethanes, polyolefins (PP)
• Applications
- Apparel
- Furnishings
- Technical textiles
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
High strength, high modulus organic fibres
• Para-aramids
e.g. Kevlar (Dupont)
Twaron ( Acordis)
• Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)
e.g. Dyneema
Spectra ( Allied signal)
Applications
Bullet proof helmetBullet proof vest
Kevlar and PTFE rope
Dyneema cut resistant gloves
Cut resistant gloves using yarn made of kevlar sheath and spandex core
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Kevlar -properties
• Outstanding strength
• Temperature resistance
• Its resistance to chemicals and temperature extremes make Kevlar® an ideal component for ropes and cables under severe loads in harsh environments.
• Other uses: Belting in radial tyres, protective apparels, pressure vessels, helicopter parts.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
High chemical and combustion resistant organic fibres
Fire Breaker - Innovative Design & High-Tech MaterialsAn appealing design, optimum freedom of movement combined with highest level of protection – that has not automatically to be a difference!
Meta-aramids
e.g. Nomex (Dupont), Conex (Teijin)
Uses:
Texport04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
High performance inorganic fibre
• Carbon• Cearmics- high temperature
performance
• Tungsten• Silicon carbide
Silicon carbide fibre
Silicon carbide fibre with tungsten core
Fire screens made of ceramic fibres
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Microfilaments
• Linear density of approximately 1.0 dtex or less
• Usually made from polyester/nylon
• Brand names: Mitrelle, Setila, Micrell, Tactel
• Used for production of fashionable clothing and also bacteria barrier fabric for medical applications
• Split technique of production produces microfilaments that can be used for wiping cloth for optical and microelectronic industriesSplittable
microfibre
( Kanebo Japan,Elaston)
Sea island type microfibre manufactured by Toray Japan
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Microfilament products
Microfilament spunlace nonwoven : Soft, drapable and much lighter than traditional textiles. Highly dense and compact fibre structure, very good barrier properties, thermal insulation, wind resistance and UV protection and highly breathable with very good moisture management.
Microfilament fabric can be constructed to be impermeable to water droplets while allowing air and moisture vapour circulation, with good wicking properties.
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
Bath Products
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
04/11/23 Fabric Styling - Neha Singh
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