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EY4106SUBJECT PEDAGOGICS 1:TECHNOLOGY WOODUnit 9 – Week 10:Health & Safety

Department of Design & Manufacturing TechnologyLecturer/Teacher: Mr. Joseph Lyster Teaching Assistant 1: Mr. Jonathan SpillaneTeaching Assistant 2: Mr. James O’HalloranAcademic Year 2011: Spring SemesterTechnical Support: Mr. Joe Murray

Notes prepared by: Mr. Joseph Lyster

HEALTH & SAFETY

Department of Design & Manufacturing Technology

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• Section 8(2)e of the 2005 Act states that it is the duty of every employer“to provide systems of work that are planned, organised, performed and maintained so as to be, so far as is reasonably practicable, safe and without risk to health.”

• Health and safety management is a practical and systematic approach to identifying hazards and evaluating the extent of associated risk

Health & Safety Management

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Can be identified by:▫High accident/injury rates.▫Poor machinery guarding.▫Poor cleaning and housekeeping arrangements.▫Limited interest of OHS by employers/management.▫Lack of care/respect for safety rules.▫Poor safety culture.

Unsafe Workplaces

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Can be identified by:

•Regular inspection of workplace•Consultation between employer and employees.•Clearly defined structure of responsibilities….•Employees are trained…•Exceeds the specific requirements of the law –

manages safety not for fear of being reprimanded but for the employees.

Safe Workplaces

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The Key steps of any Health & Safety Management scheme are:

1. Policy2. Hazard identification3. Risk Assessment4. Control Measures.5. Recording Findings (Safety Statement)6. Monitoring, Review and Auditing

Safety Management

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Required Reading

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The Safety Management Process

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Health & Safety Policy

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Health & Safety Policy

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More information can be found byconsulting manufacturer’s manual

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Health & Safety at Work Act 2005

Pg. 30 of Health & Safety at Work Act

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Identify Hazards (Hazard Identification)

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Common Machinery/Mechanical Hazards

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Wrap Point: (Entanglement)

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Shear Point and Cutting Hazards

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Crush Points

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Ejection Hazards

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Other Hazards

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Hazards

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• You will need to develop a template for your lesson risk assessment.• Strategies will need to be developed to:

Reduce or eliminate risk Demonstrate safe use of machine(s) Teach key learning points relating to machine or process Assess and record pupil learning and competence Ensure adequate supervision of activities

Classroom Risk Assessment:

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Room Layout

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Room Layout

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Room Layout

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Room Layout

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Assess Risk (Risk Assessment)

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Risk Magnitude

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Risk Assessment

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• Hazard • means anything that can cause harm (eg

chemicals, electricity, working from ladders, etc)

• Risk • is the chance, high or low, that

somebody will be harmed by the hazard.

Difference Between A Hazard & Risk

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A. Eliminate the Hazard Completely.B. Substitute Hazard with a safer alternative.C. Isolate the Hazard.D. Use engineering controls to reduce risk at the source

(Guarding).E. Provide training on how to avoid risks.& if all that fails…F. Use PPE.

Hierarchy of Risk Control

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Importance of being able to Assess Risk

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•Exposure to hazard

▫Very Infrequent (< once per annum or less)▫Quite Infrequent (annually/biannually)▫Frequent (quarterly/monthly)▫Quite Frequent (weekly/daily)▫Highly Frequent (continuous daily)

Risk Assessment Considerations

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•Likelihood▫Highly Unlikely (practically impossible)▫Quite Unlikely (conceivable but very unlikely)▫Likely (conceivable and could possibly happen)▫Quite Likely (almost certain to happen)▫Highly Likely (certain to happen)

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• Consequences

▫Minor Injury/Ill Health ( minor cuts, abrasions etc.)▫ Injury/Ill Health (burns, sprains, minor fractures etc.)▫Serious Injury/Ill Health (breaks, deafness etc.)▫Major Injury/Ill Health (amputations, cancer, multiple breaks

etc.)▫Fatality (one or more fatalities)

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▫Knowledge▫Skills▫Training▫Experience▫Attitude

▫Motivation▫Risk perception▫Mental condition▫Physical condition▫Accident proneness

Factors Effecting Likelihood & OccurrenceIndividual Factors

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▫Condition of equipment/tools

▫Maintenance regime▫Guarding/hazard

controls▫Workload▫Patterns of work

▫Emergency arrangements

▫Training/ information/ instruction

▫Supervision▫Communications▫PPE

Task factorsFactors Effecting Likelihood & Occurrence

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Factors Effecting Likelihood of Occurrence

Department of Design & Manufacturing TechnologyDepartment of Design & Manufacturing Technology

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Risk Magnitude Matrix

Department of Design & Manufacturing TechnologyDepartment of Design & Manufacturing Technology

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Which Poses the Greatest Risk?

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Risk Magnitude Matrix

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RISK ASSESSMENTLocation: SR2-047 Date: 24-09-2010 Assessment Carried out by: Mr. Joe Lyster

Assessment of: PILLAR DRILL CE Marking (Machines): Yes □ No □

of 1 Assessment Review Date: 24-09-2010

HAZARD RISK MAGNITUDE PERSONS AT RISK EXISTING CONTROLS REQUIRED CONTROLS PERSONS RESPONSIBLE TARGET DATE

Weekly etc…

Risk Assessment Template

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Assessment of: PILLAR DRILL CE Marking (Machines): Yes □ No □

1. Entanglement

2. Violent Ejection

3. Piece Spinning

4. Electric Shock Hazards

5. Cuts

6. Inadvertent Starting

7. Space around Machine

8. Tripping/Slipping

9. Pinch Point

10. Falling Table

11. Noise Levels

12. Crushing

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1. ENTANGLEMENTSEVERITY

Slightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

Highly Unlikely Trivial Tolerable Tolerable Moderate Moderate

Quiet Unlikely Tolerable Tolerable Moderate Moderate Substantial

Likely Tolerable Moderate Moderate Substantial Substantial

Quite Likely Moderate Moderate Substantial Substantial Intolerable

Highly Likely Moderate Substantial Substantial Intolerable Intolerable

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2. VIOLENT EJECTIONSEVERITY

Slightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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3. PIECE SPINNINGSEVERITY

Slightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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4. ELECTRIC SHOCKSEVERITY

Slightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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5. CUTSSEVERITY

Slightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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6. INADVERTENT STARTING

SEVERITYSlightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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7. SPACE AROUND MACHINE

SEVERITYSlightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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8. TRIPPING/SLIPPINGSEVERITY

Slightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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9. PINCH POINTSEVERITY

Slightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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10. FALLING TABLESEVERITY

Slightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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11. NOISE LEVELSSEVERITY

Slightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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12. CrushingSEVERITY

Slightly Harmful

Moderately Harmful

Quite Harmful

Very Harmful

Extremely Harmful

LIKELIHOO

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Assessment of: PILLAR DRILL CE Marking (Machines): Yes No □□̷�

1. Entanglement Intolerable User of Machine Securing Clothes/Hair Chuck Guard Teacher/Students 24-09-2010

2. Violent Ejection Moderate All in Class Spring Loaded Chuck Chuck Guard Teacher/Students 24-09-2010

3. Piece Spinning Moderate All in Vicinity Clamp Correct Clamping Teacher/Students 24-09-2010

4. Electric Shock Hazards Moderate User of Machine Inspection of

EquipmentRegular Inspection of electrical components

Teacher/Students 24-09-2010

5. CutsModerate User of Machine Training

Exclusion zones marked clearly in

relation to work areaTeacher/Students 24-09-2010

6. Inadvertent Starting Moderate All in Vicinity Lockable Isolator

SwitchLock isolator in the off position when not in

useTeacher/Students 24-09-2010

7. Space around Machine Substantial User of Machine Nothing

Safe work area exclusion zone marked

around machineTeacher/Students 24-09-2010

8. Tripping/Slipping Moderate User of Machine Nothing Sign posts Teacher/Students 24-09-2010

9. Pinch Point Substantial User of Machine Nothing Chuck Guard Teacher/Students 24-09-2010

10. Falling Table Moderate User of Machine Pillar Post Lock Handle Correct Locking/Clamp Teacher/Students 24-09-2010

11. Noise Levels Trivial All in Class Nothing PPE & Sign posts Teacher/Students 24-09-2010

12. Crushing Intolerable All in Vicinity Nothing Secure Fixing Teacher/Students 24-09-2010

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CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT:

Health & Safety…

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• Students should only work in a high risk area when it is fully under the control of a person competent to work in and supervise that area.

• Close monitoring of students using machinery.• Students must not be permitted to use equipment while

unsupervised.• It is the responsibility of the schools to ensure that the

machines are not accessible to unauthorised persons▫Cleaners▫Visitors▫Unsupervised students.

Supervision & Access

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• An assessment of each workshop should be carried out in order to determine the safe operational area around each machine.

• Hard wearing and clearly visible markings should be set down on the floor to indicate these safe operation areas.

• If necessary, machines should be moved to accommodate this safe operational area.

Exclusion Zones

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Emergency Isolators and Emergency Stops

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Start/Stop• Are there appropriate start / stop controls ?• Location• Colour• Flush mounted• Mushroom head

▫ Turn release▫ Key release

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Stop control must have priority over the Start control.

Start Control Flush Recessed

Stop Control Mushroom Head Push Bar

Start/Stop

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Some machines may have two stopping devices.

Hand Operated

Foot/Knee Operated

Emergency Stop

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Material Preparation

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Machine guards must:▫ Be of robust construction.▫ Not give rise to any additional hazard.▫ Not be easily removed or rendered inoperative.

(Removed with the use of a tool)▫ Be situated a sufficient distance from the danger zone.▫ Not restrict more than necessary the view of the operating cycle of the

equipment

Guarding

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Lighting

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Push Sticks

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Maintenance of Machinery

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Preventative Maintenance

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Maintenance Records

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Inspection of Machinery

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Inadvertent Starting

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Machinery Rundown Time

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The CE Marking is not a mark indicating conformity to a standard but rather a mark indicating conformity to the legal requirements of EU Directives.

CE Mark

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• CE Marking is the symbol as shown on the top of this page. • The letters "CE" are the abbreviation of French phrase

"Conformité Européene" which literally means "European Conformity". • The term initially used was "EC Mark" and it was

officially replaced by "CE Marking" in the Directive 93/68/EEC in 1993.

CE Mark

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• Machinery must bear the “CE” mark in order to be deemed in compliance with these regulations.

• Must not add to machinery – must be there… criminal offence to try to add it.

• Also an offence to reduce the visibility of the “CE” Marking on a machine.

CE Mark

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The existence of the “CE” marking on a piece of machinery should indicate that its manufacturer has met all relevant standards and requirements.

CE Mark

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Never assume that machinery is safe just because it has a “CE” marking

CE Mark

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Mandatory/Action

Regulatory/Prohibited

Emergency/Permission

Warning/Caution-Danger

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