European exploration 10 11
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- 1. Era of European Exploration1500-1600God, Gold, GloryGod-
spread ChristianityGold-find gold for the countryGlory- receive
recognition for exploration in New World
- 2. Europe Eyes the Americas Christopher Columbus lived during a
time when Spain was at war and many people were in poverty. Queen
Isabella and King Ferdinand paid for Columbus to go on an
expedition to find a new passage to China.Expedition: a journey
undertaken by a group of people with a definite purpose.
- 3. Christopher ColumbusKing Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of
Spain
- 4. Columbus saw land and thought it wasthe Indies (Asia).He got
off the boat and named thefriendly people indios.He wasnt in the
IndiesHe was inwhat we now know as the Bahamas!He continued to sail
on to find theriches he had promised the Spanishmonarch.
- 5. In 1492, COLUMBUS Sailed the Ocean Blue Columbus believed
that the earth was round. He thought he could sail to Asia
(referred to as the Indies) faster and easier by traveling westward
rather than eastward. He could then establish profitable routes to
Asia. (He could trade along the way.) Queen Isabella thought this
would be a great idea because it would establish trade with Asia
($) and would help spread the Catholic faith.
- 6. On his voyages, Columbus established the first permanent
colony on Hispaniola (named Santo Domingo). Columbus did not find
gold or the new passage to Asia, but his voyages did inspire others
to seek
- 7. COLUMBUSS FOUR VOYAGES
- 8. Columbuss Impact Is credited with discovering the Americas
Called the people he saw the Indios Established the first permanent
colony in the Americas on Hispanola and called it Santo Domingo Co
Columbuss voyages led to further European exploration and
colonization, forever changing the Americas.
- 9. Following Columbuss lead, Spain established colonies in the
Caribbean and Mexico. Reports of riches drew the explorers north to
Texas where they established a successful mission.
- 10. From 1492-1519, Spain focused on establishing colonies in
what they thought was the Indies. Spanish explorers heard there
were great civilizations in the interior, which included great
wealth. Explorers looking for wealth were known as
conquistadors.
- 11. Important Spanish Explorers: Hernando Cortes Alonzo Alvarez
de Pineda Cabeza de Vaca/Estavanico (Esteban) Friar Marcos De Niza
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado Hernando de Soto/Luis De Moscoso
Alonso de Leon
- 12. Cortes conquered theHernando Aztecs easily because Cortes
he had cannons, guns, and Indian allies Gained control of Mexico
Cortes brought back gold and silver=Spanish leaders more eager to
explore New Spain
- 13. Alonzo Alvarez de Pineda and Hernando Cortes Pinedas
mission was to map the coastline of the Gulf of Mexico and
establish a Spanish colony. He was the first European to explore
and map the Texas coastline.Later, Cortes cut Pinedasjourney short.
He sawPineda as a threat to hisjourney, so he arrested someof
Pinedas men!
- 14. Panfilo de Narvaez In 1526, Narvaez was granted land from
Florida to Mexico Went to meet his supply ships in Gulf they werent
there. Hurricane caused all but 4 people to die De Vaca and
Estavanico survived
- 15. Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca The survivors, DeVaca and
Estevanico, from the 1528 hurricane beached at Galveston Bay and
were captured by the Karankawas. At first, they were little more
than slaves, but Cabeza de Vaca learned to use native herbs for
healing and how to perform surgery After 18 months, de Vaca and
Estevanico(first African in Texas), were able to escape
- 16. As a result of the capture, Cabeza de Vaca and his men
became the first Europeans to see the interior of Texas. He also
told of the legends of the 7 cities of Cibola that he had heard
from the Native Americans. These tales excited the Spanish
officials.
- 17. Cabeza de Vaca He also wrote about his life with the Native
Americans in a work of literature called La relacion. This was the
first written work of Texas literature.
- 18. The Search for the 7 Cities of Gold Fray Marcos led an
expedition to the north to find the 7 cities of Cibola. Estevanico
was ordered to be the guide. Estevanico and a few others marched
ahead and reported back to that they had found one of the cities.
As the rest of the group caught up, they heard that Estevanico had
been killed by the Zuni Indians who lived in the city called
Cibola. In spite of the tragedy, Fray Marcos pressed on.
- 19. The Search Continues When they arrived at the golden city,
they saw the buildings shimmering in the sun. In reality, the
buildings were made of adobe which sparkled as the sun shone upon
it. Not realizing the city was adobe and not gold, Fray Marcos
returned to Mexico with news of golden cities. Excitement abounded
and a larger expedition was formed.
- 20. Francisco Vasquez de Coronado Coronado was commissioned to
find these legendary Seven Cities of Cibola.Coronadoand his
menbecame thefirstEuropeans tosee WestTexas andPalo
DuroCanyon.
- 21. Francisco Vasquez de Coronado Coronado was the leader of
the 2nd and the largest expedition for 7 cities of Cibola. Fray
Marcos went along as the guide. Coronado felt ashamed not like a
conqueror when he killed the Zuni Indians and realized there was no
gold.
- 22. Francisco Vasquez de Coronado He refused to give up his
quest for gold. He met a native named El Turco (the Turk) who told
stories of a place farther east called Quivira. It supposedly had
fabulous riches. Coronado searched for Quivira and never found it.
He had El Turco killed when he found out that the Turk lied to him.
Not wanting to return with no riches, he then traveled across
Texas, New Mexico and Arizona looking for the Seven Cities of
Cibola.
- 23. Coronados Report Coronados report to the Spanish officials
stated that the land was harsh, but that it was similar to parts of
Spain. He was impressed by the possible wealth in the huge herds of
buffalo. He stated that no riches could be found, so the land was
of little use to the Spaniards. He also told about how the Native
Americans had lied about the golden cities to get the Spaniards off
of their land and leave them in peace.
- 24. and Luis de Moscoso While Coronado searched for Cibola and
Quivira, Spain sent another expedition in search of gold. Hernando
de Sotos expedition also did not find any gold, but they explored
East Texas and encountered the Caddos They were the first
exploration into the interior of North America.
- 25. De Soto explored present-day Georgia, theCarolinas,
Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, andArkansas.When he and his
expedition reached theMississippi River, they were discouraged
andrunning out of supplies. They turned back home.De Soto never
made it back home. He died of anillness. His successor, Luis de
Moscoso deAlvarado set out to find an overland route back
toMexico.
- 26. Spains Interest in Texas Declines It was almost 60 years
before another Spanish expedition was sent into Texas. This
expedition was the sent because an English explorer named Sir
Francis Drake came to explore America. In 1610 the Spanish sent
Juan de Onate to establish the colony of Santa Fe in New Mexico.
For around 75 years, few other Spanish explorers entered the land
of Texas.
- 27. Results of the Expeditions1. Spain had a strong claim to TX
land as a result of the expeditions.2. Knowledge of the land saw
and mapped much of TX3. Spain still decided not to settle. no gold,
etc. Indian problems / raids too far from other Spanish settlements
(in current day Mexico) land was too dry and rugged there were no
large cities to conquer4. Texas was used as a barrier between New
Spain and violent Indians and other advancing countries.
- 28. Spain Establishes Missions To compete with other nations
and to make a name for themselves, they established several
missions in the Americas. A mission is a settlement founded to
spread Christianity to the people of the area.
rootsweb.com/~txgenweb/ postcards/SanAntonio.html
- 29. Spain Establishes Missions The first mission in Texas was
near El Paso (Corpus Christi de la Ysleta). The purpose of this
mission was to spread Christianity to Native Americans in the area.
The mission was a success and more were to come.
anderson.mine.nu/.../ 2000texastrip.htm
- 30. French Ambitions (France and Spain are European rivals) The
French wanted to compete with Spains quest for riches. They couldnt
get them without claiming the land.
- 31. The French Explore Texas The international competition for
land in the New World was intense. In 1682, La Salle mapped the
Mississippi River and claimed it, all of the lands it watered, and
its branches for France. He called it La Louisiane
(Louisiana).
- 32. King Louis XIV funded LaSalles next adventure because he
was impressed with LaSalles ability to map the river. This
adventure was to establish a colony near the Mississippi River.
LaSalle convinced the monarch that the French missionaries could
teach the Catholic religion to the natives. He also stated that
crops would grow well in the regions rich soil. Most importantly, a
French colony at the mouth of the Mississippi River could control
trade in the Gulf and the interior of North America.
- 33. So, off he went. With 4 ships, 300 colonists, 100 soldiers,
and supplies.
- 34. The problem was One ship was captured by buccaneers
(pirates). One ship rebelled and returned to France with supplies.
One ship sank.
- 35. Also The maps that LaSalle used were correct concerning
latitude, but entirely wrong concerning longitude. o. The longitude
was off by 7 They missed the mouth of the Mississippi River by 400
miles and ended up shipwrecked (hit sandbar) on Matagorda Island
near Galveston Bay in Texas. Which Native American tribe did they
encounter here?
- 36. Fort St. Louis La Salle established the first French colony
in Texas near present-day Garcitas Creek in Victoria County. The
colony had trouble from the beginning because they lost valuable
supplies at sea. They were helped for a while by the Indians, but
fighting soon broke out.
- 37. FRENCH AND SPANISHCLAIMS ON NORTH AMERICA, 16821688
- 38. Why did the Natives turn against LaSalle and his men? The
Native Americans found the supplies that washed up on shore after
La Belle sank. The French took the supplies back without asking for
them or explaining what happened.
- 39. Fort St. Louis La Salle tried to find a way back to the
Mississippi River, but was unsuccessful. While he was gone, many of
his men died from diseases and Indian attacks. The crops also began
to fail and there was little food. Fort St. Louis failed, but
thiscolony played upon Spanish fearsthat France would claim
theAmericas for itself. Out of competition, the Spaniards renewed
their exploration of the Gulf Coast Region. THE RACE WAS ON TO
CONTROL TEXAS!!!!!
- 40. Results of LaSalles Adventure It gave France a weak claim
to Texas. It presented a challenge to Spains empire north of the
Rio Grande. The Spanish realized that if they did not build
settlements in Texas, the French might gain control of the region
and they would not become the worlds greatest nation.
- 41. Consequences for the Native Americans www.rangerdj.com/
clipart/indian/indian.jpg Native Americans lived in Texas long
before the Europeans explored there. The arrival of the Spanish and
French explorers to Texas brought Native Americans severe
consequences. Diseases such as smallpox killed thousands of Native
Americans.
- 42. Europe Eyes theAmericasColumbus came to the NewWorld
looking for gold and a new The French Explore Texastrade route to
Asia. Although he Spains claims on Texas landsfound neither, his
four voyages prompted France to establish ainspired others to seek
theirfortunes in the Americas. colony of its own. Although La
Salles Texas colony did not survive, Frances presence renewed
Spains interest in settling Texas. Spanish Explorers Come to
TexasFollowing Columbuss lead, Spainestablished colonies in the
Caribbean andMexico. Reports of riches drew theexplorers north to
Texas where they
- 43. European ExploresColumbus?Launched the European exploration
and colonization of AmericaCortes?Conquered (Aztecs) for
SpainDeVaca?Explored Texas, captured/met Native Americans, and
reported about in his bookRelacion.Estevanico?First African
American in TexasCoronado?Explored the Southwest/ plains for Spain
looking for riches = reported little valuefor Spain,named the
settlement of AmarilloLaSalle?Established Fort St. Louis for
French, failedPineda?Explored and mapped the Texas coast for
SpainDeSoto/Moscoso?Expedition to East Texas, met Caddos
- 44. TIMELINE 14921700 1492 Columbus reaches the Americas 1519
lvarez de Pieda explores Gulf Coast of Texas 1537 Cabeza de Vaca
reports on Texas 1541 Coronado leads expedition into Texas 1542 De
SotoMoscoso expedition reaches East 1610 Juan de Oate establishes
Santa Fe Texas 1682 Spaniards establish the first Texas mission,
Corpus Christi de la Ysleta 1685 La Salle establishes Fort St.
Louis