Digital Age Learning

Steve WheelerInstitute of EducationPlymouth University

United Kingdom

Digital Age LearningThe Changing Face of Digital Learning

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Albert_Einstein_1947.jpg

“I never teach my students. I only provide the conditions in which they can learn.”

- Albert Einstein

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Surface Learning

Deep Learning

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Source: Marton and SaljoGraphic by Steve Wheeler

Strategic Learning

Knowledge

Wisdom

Transformation

http://slated.org

Knowing that

Knowing how

Knowing why

Cognition

Application

Analysis

Evaluation

Declarative

Procedural

Critical

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Data

Information

Knowledge

Wisdom

Transformation

ENGAGEMENT

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Graphic by Steve Wheeler

Quiz question: When was the first attempt at distance learning ?

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Image sources: Wikimedia Commons

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1840

Image Source https://www.flickr.com/photos/bking/258331658/

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Photo by Brandon King

1968: Stanford

Instructional TV Network

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1970

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1976

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1982

http://www.spacetoday.org

http://www.gamersmint.com

http://www.techdigest.tv

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Image source: http://www.masterlink.com/blog

“This is for everyone”

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Funnels of Webs

“The current search for new educational funnels must be reversed into the search for their institutional

inverse: educational webs which heighten the opportunity for each one to transform each moment

of his living into one of learning, sharing, and caring.” Illich (1972)

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Funnels or Webs?

My PLE

My e-portfolio

My PLN

Other Tools

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Personal Learning Environments

Graphic by Steve Wheeler

Personal Learning Environment

Source: http://steve-wheeler.blogspot.com/2010/07/anatomy-of-ple.html

Steve Wheeler & Manish Malik (2010)

XC

Embedded MOOCs?

The Future...?

• 1989: ‘The future is multi-media’• 1999: ‘The future is the Web’

hof.povray.org

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Social, political, and economic systems change incrementally, but technology changes exponentially.

Larry Downes

Law of Disruption

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The Future...?

• 1989: ‘The future is multi-media’• 1999: ‘The future is the Web’• 2009: ‘The future is smart mobile’hof.povray.org

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‘Change is not linear – it’s exponential’ - Kurzweil

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The First Mobile Phone

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http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/communications/internet-minute-infographic.html

Social Media use in 2013

>1.15 Billion (>100 billion connections)

>500 Million >238 Million

>14 million articles

>6 Billion images (87 Million users)

Sources from service providers and also http://econsultancy.com (Correct in Feb/March 2013)

3.5 Billion views/day60 hours/minute

>500 Million

>139 Million(55 million posts per day)

Personal Learning NetworksPhoto by Steve Wheeler

Personal Learning NetworksPhoto by Steve Wheeler

Personal Learning NetworksPhoto by Steve Wheeler

Personal Learning NetworksPhoto by Steve Wheeler

Personal Learning NetworksPhoto by Steve Wheeler

I store my knowledge with my friends

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Connectivism Paragogy Distributed Cognition

Ubiquitous connection

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http://i.imwx.com

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Students taking notesPhoto: Lori Cullen

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http://web.media.mit.edu/~papert/

“I am convinced that the best learning takes place when the learner takes charge.”

– Seymour Papert Stev

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We learn by doing (Piaget, 1950)

Photo by Steve Wheeler

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We learn by making (Papert, 1960)Photo by Steve Wheeler

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Learning 2.0

User generated

content

Learning by making

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http://sellyourstoryuk.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Old-and-Young-Computer.jpg

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Blogging and Tweeting

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We are familyhttp://pro.corbis.com

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Wii are family!

http://wiifitnessdepot.com

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Flow Channel

CHAL

LEN

GE

SKILLSLow High

Low

High

Anxiety

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Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi, 1991

Graphic by Steve Wheeler

CHAL

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SKILLSLow High

Low

High

Anxiety

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Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi (1991) and Killi (2009)

P1

P2

P3

P4

Graphic by Steve Wheeler

Beyond my reach

What I can learn with help(ZPD)

ZPD and scaffolding

What I can learn on my

own

Technology and toolsKnowledgeable others

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Graphic by Steve Wheeler

Zone of Proxim

al Development (Z

PD)CH

ALLE

NGE

SKILLSLow High

Low

High

Anxiety

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Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi (1991) and Killi (2009)

Graphic by Steve Wheeler

http://thirdmonth.blogspot.co.uk

Computers as ‘mind tools’ for the engaging of learners in critical thinking

- David Jonassen

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Learning 2.0

CurationCollaborating

Sharing and Amplifying

Voting

Networking

User generated

content

Architecture of participation

Tagging and Bookmarking

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Aggregation

‘New’ learners are...• more self-directed• better equipped to capture information• more reliant on feedback from peers• more inclined to collaborate• more oriented toward being their own “nodes of production”.

Education Trends | Featured NewsJohn K. Waters—13 December 2011

http://coolshots.blogspot.com/2007_02_01_archive.html

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http://thesocietypages.org/cyborgology

“Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man's character, give him an iPhone.”

- Abraham Lincoln (on the ‘selfie’)

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“60% of all Internet pages

contain misleading

information.”

- Thomas Edison

Learners need ‘digital literacies’

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Learners will need new ‘literacies’

• Social networking• Privacy maintenance• Identity management• Creating content• Organising content• Reusing and repurposing• Filtering and selecting• Self presention• Transliteracy

http://www.mopocket.com/

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Leaning 2.0 – Digital Literacies

Mastery

Literacies

Competencies

Skills

Graphic by Steve Wheeler (2013)

Web 3.0Semantic Web

Web 1.0The Web

Web x.0Meta Web

Web 2.0Social Web

Degree of Social Connectivity

Degr

ee o

f Inf

orm

ation

Con

necti

vity

Adapted from : Nova Spivak

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Web 3.0Semantic Web

Web 1.0The Web

Web x.0Meta Web

Web 2.0Social Web

Degree of Social Connectivity

Degr

ee o

f Inf

orm

ation

Con

necti

vity

Connects information Connects people

Connects knowledge Connects intelligence

The (Smart) eXtended Web

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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”

- Socrates Stev

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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”

- SocratesPlato Stev

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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”

- SocratesPlato

http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-713124904

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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”

- SocratesPlato

http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-713124904

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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”

- SocratesPlato

http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-713124904

Darwikianism Stev

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“All too often we are giving young people cut flowers when we should be teaching them to grow their own plants.”

- John W. Gardner

http://picsnwall.com/wp-content/uploads

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Photo by Joyce Seitzinger