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Dark Diamond
Gang YangIpsit Dash
Development in Africa
The Dark ContinentHome of Human
Species, AIDS, Cannibals
54 Countries,1500 languages, 1 Billion People
Highest Debt Profiles,
Lowest Rankings in Human Development
Index 25 million HIV +,90% world
Malaria,
Largest Juvenile Army in operation, Highest Drug Trafficking
Average income =
$ 0.70 /person/day
46% world diamonds, 21% world gold,
16% world uranium, 62% world Platinum
•Most countries have struggling Economy, especially Mid- Africa.
•Snail paced GDP with Mounting Inflation.
•Zimbabwe, Congo D.R, Liberia have Negative GDP and Rising Inflation !
•Western Sahara, South Sudan, Guinea- Bissaue have Negative Inflation Rates
Lower Income 0- $ 995
Lower Middle $ 996- $ 3945
Upper Middle $ 3946- $ 12195
Higher Income $ 12196 ++
Declining Economy
MDGs not fulfilled•Health Care•Poverty•Education
Rise of Local Mafia•Increased Juvenile Crime•Drug Trafficking•Control of Diamond Mines and Oil Fields. Ex- RUF
Increased Privatization•Less Democracy and More Bureaucracy• Top 1% population have access to 90 % resources. China owns 40% Sudan Oil reserves•High Corruption
Late Independence•Colonization•Dictatorship•Slave Trade•Religious- Ethnic Group conflicts
Demographic Features•High Population•Disease prone•Hostile Environment•Lack of Support for development
Clipped Development•Limited Urban development•No infrastructure for Technology•No sustainable resource extraction
•Almost all African Countries have Low Harmony Index.
•Majorities of Refugees in Africa originate from Middle Africa. (Evident from map)
•This most violent area is just the area with the lowest income group .
•Africa has largest reserves of Crude Oil and Diamonds.
•Some countries have + BOT•Due to Large reserves of minerals( gold, diamond) and crude oil etc.•Improving infrastructure.
•But majority of countries have – BOT even they have plenty of mineral reserves( Congo, Namibia) and oil deposits( Sudan, Egypt)
•Surprisingly, Most corrupt countries have better standards of living indicating unequal resource allocations!
•Least corrupt countries have majority of population below poverty line.
•Millennium Development Goals not fulfilled (even after 12 years of implementation).
•High rates of HIV, Malaria, Infant Mortality rates in mid Africa.
Points to Ponder!!
• Better Organized Governance System to facilitate proper resource allocation. Ex- African Union
• Heavy investment in Public Sector to improvise Infrastructure, health and Education.
• Combined military efforts to curb Violence and Local Uprisings.
• Treating the problem of Africa as our own problem and cooperating for its sustainable development.
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