Curriculum & learning

Curriculum & learning

Competence based or traditional subject/program based

Theory and tipractice

Competence-based learningg

NoNo

Certificate!!!!Certificate!!!!

Competence-based learninggThe way we do it normally:

Psychology 7 (2)Pedagogy 7 (2)Mathematics 7 (2)Mathematics 7 (2)Language 7 (2)

Congratulations!!! Certifictate!

Competence based learning

Competence based teachingCompetence based teaching

C t b d i lCompetence based curriculum

What does ‘learning’ mean anyway?

Learning is: increasing knowledgeLearning is: increasing skillsLearning is: increasing skillsLearning is: building attitudesLearning is: developing personalLearning is: developing personal concepts Learning is: developing professional competence

Learning is: experiencing life (FreinetLearning is: experiencing life (Freinet, Iederwijs)

Types of learning

Self directedlearning

Partly teacher and learner

directed learning

Program or teacher directed

g

teacher directed learning

Learning

What is the right sequence?

What’s your choice? And why?What s your choice? And why?

And why should we learn?

Motivation on learningIntrinsic:

the need/drive to learnthe need/drive to learnexpected competencei t tinterestmeaningfull within own experience

d ibili lexpected possibility laterNot enough generated in traditional education

Motivation on learning

Extrinsic: /expected/promised reward

mark/diplomlearning by orderexpected possibility laterexpected possibility later

Not enough generated in traditional education

Learning & teaching

Behaviouristic approachCognitive psychologyConstructionistConstructionist

Vygotsky, Piaget

Jean Piaget

Concrete operations stage (7-12 years)

Equalty of men

Everybody has the right to have the same t itiopportunities.

Everybody must be treated in the sameEverybody must be treated in the same wayE b d h t th t tEverybody has to pass the same tests

The forest school story

They started a new school for all children

They formed the board

The headmaster

The childrenThe childrenCyrus the duck J i th i lCyrus the duck Jasmin the squirrel

Hamid the hare Lena the eagle

Madonna the eel

The final test

At the end of the 8 years at the Forest S h l th h d t th fi lSchool they had to pass the final examination (and they are all treated the same):

They had to climb the top of the big oak tree within an hour.

The examiners

The results

O l th i l d th l d thOnly the squirrel and the eel passed the testThe eagle was disqualifiedTh d k d th h did f ilThe duck and the hare did fail

Ad tiAdaptive educationeducation

ChildChild

trusttrust

And when we look at the children

We see they’re all different

In the way they lookI h h hi kIn the way they thinkIn the way they actIn the way they feel

In the way they are!

Difference in intelligenceMultiple intelligence (H. Gardner)

verbal / linguïstic logisch / mathematic visual / spacialvisual / spacial musical / ritmic physical I kinestheticphysical I kinesthetic interpersonal intrapersonalnaturalistic existential

Learning styles (Vermunt)

Reproductive: to achieve the result Application focussed: to useSignificance focussed: to understandSignificance focussed: to understandUnfocussed: no goal

Differences in learningKolb (learning cycle)

Activist (experience)( g y )

Reflector (critical

Pragmatist (active (

reflection)experimentation)

Theorizer (abstract thi ki )thinking)

Differences in learningVisual learners:

learn through seeinglearn through seeing...*need to see the teacher's body language and f i l ifacial expression *prefer sitting at the front of the classroom *they may think in pictures They learn best from visual displays including: diagrams, illustrated text books, overhead transparencies, videos, flipcharts and hand-outs. During a lecture or classroom discussion, visual learners often prefer to take detailed notes to absorb the information.

Differences in learningTactile/Kinesthetic learners:

learn through moving, doing and touching... Tactile/Kinesthetic persons learn best through

*hands-on approach, *active exploring, They may find it hard to sit still for long periods and may become distracted by their need for activity and exploration.

Differences in learningTactile/Kinesthetic learners:

learn through moving, doing and touching... Tactile/Kinesthetic persons learn best through

*hands-on approach, *active exploring, They may find it hard to sit still for long periods and may become distracted by their need for activity and exploration.

FLOW

So ??????

THE LEARNER IN THE CENTER?

and?/or?and?/or?

THE PROGRAM IN THE CENTER?

Competence-based learning What does ‘competence’ mean:g p

Knowledge (cognitive head)Knowledge (cognitive-head)Skills (effective-hands)Values (affective-heart)

Competence-based learningg

VALUESVALUES

SKILLS KNOWLEDGE

Cyclic developmentCyclic development

Competence-based learning

A matter of what you already have in your backpackyour backpack

And what you need to put to in

To become a ‘professional’With professional competence

Curriculum modelsLearner directed

Variousmodules

Demand driven

Self directedwithin

professionaldemands

IntegrationFragmentation

Integratedmodules

Program based

DifferentsubjectsProgrambased

Teacher directed

Competence building is traditionally:

Milles pyramidmodel

DOES ACTING

SHOWS HOW

uthe

ntic

ityut

hent

icity

KNOWS

KNOWS HOW

ofes

sion

al a

ofes

sion

al a

COGNITION

competentiemodel: Milles GE. The assessment of clinical skills/compentency/performance. Academic Medicine (supplement) 1990; 65: S63-S7.

Pro

Pro

Competence building is

Training-school model Life long learning

show

show how

k h

show

skills knowledge

know howshow howknow how

Tests/assessmentsFormative tests

Portfolio

Performance assessmentsPerformance assessments

Self assessment

Peer assessment

Skills-labsAnd (also, but not too much…….) a summative test

Competence-based learningActive learning: focussed on practice;Active learning: focussed on practice;Self directed learning; Reflection as engine for development;

Building further on ’knowledge and skills’ you’re already have;According to what you want;According to what you want;

Performance assessment as measurement;Portfolio as a proofPortfolio as a proofUsing high standards;

Development to positive self image.Development to professional quality.

Competence-based learningg

What about:

The teacher’s role?

Competence-based learningg

In primary schools

Book: The learner in the centre!

Video:Video:TOM

Competence based learning inCompetence-based learning in teacher trainings colleges and other educationin the Netherlandsin the Netherlands

What do you think is the best curriculum for teacher trainingcurriculum for teacher training

colleges?

And You……. Who are you?

As a human being…………?

As a professional teacher ?As a professional teacher………..?

In what kind of school…………?

And remember:

Most learning takes place outsideMost learning takes place outside controlled classroom

environmentenvironment..

In real life situations!

But also a lot in schools!

Everywhere in Europe