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LRDE (EPITA Research & Development Lab http://www.lrde.epita.fr/) Seminar: A Generic and Dynamic Approach to Image Processing Abstract: "Climb is a generic image processing library. A case study of the erosion algorithm from mathematical morphology highlights the issues of a non-generic implementation. Structures such as Image, Site Set and Accumulator are defined to solve them. Genericity is even increased by the concept of Morphers: a way to alter the communication between an object and the outside world. All these additions are done using the dynamic aspect of Lisp that allows for rapid prototyping." Olena - http://olena.lrde.epita.fr/
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ClimbA Generic and Dynamic Approach to Image Processing
Christopher Chedeau
June 09, 2010
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
Introduction
I Climb: Common Lisp image processing
I Same Genericity as Olena1
I With more Interactivity
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
ErosionDefinitionNaive VersionGenericity IssuesFinal Version
MorpherMorpher DefinitionContent MorpherCombination
Demonstration
ConclusionConclusionQuestionsBibliography
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
ErosionDefinitionNaive VersionGenericity IssuesFinal Version
MorpherMorpher DefinitionContent MorpherCombination
Demonstration
ConclusionConclusionQuestionsBibliography
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
Erosion Definition
”All the pixels are replaced by the minimum value of thepixels around.”
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
Erosion Example
http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/rbf/HIPR2/erode.htm
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
Dilation Example
http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/rbf/HIPR2/dilate.htm
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
Naive Boolean 2D Version
// Loop through a l l t h e v a l i d image p i x e l sf o r ( x = 0 ; x < i mg w id t h ; ++x )
f o r ( y = 0 ; y < i m g h e i g h t ; ++y )
// I n i t i a l i z e t h e output imagenew image [ x ] [ y ] = TRUE;
// Loop through a l l t h e n e i g h b o r h o o d p i x e l sn e i g h b o r h o o d :
f o r ( i = −n e i g h b w i d t h ; i <= n e i g h b w i d t h ; ++i )f o r ( j = −n e i g h b h e i g h t ; j <= n e i g h b h e i g h t ; ++j )
i f ( ( x + i >= 0 && x + i < i mg w id t h ) &&( y + j >= 0 && y + j < i m g h e i g h t ) )
/∗ A l g o r i t h m ∗/i f ( o l d i m a g e [ x + i ] [ y + j ] == FALSE)
new image [ x ] [ y ] = FALSE ;b r e a k n e i g h b o r h o o d ;
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
Genericity Issues
I Image Structure
I Neighborhood
8-connexity 4-connexity Custom
I Algorithm• Difference between erosion and dilation? Min / Max• Accumulator• Black Box: Many inputs, Compute a result
I Value Type• Bool, Gray, RGB, ...• Specialize the Accumulator
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
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Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
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Bibliography
Final Version
( de fun e r o s i o n ( img n e i g h b )( image−map img
( accu−r e d u c e n e i g h b( min−accu ) ) ) )
I Readable Algorithm
I Small Functions: Easily Unit Testable
I Extensible
I Write Once, Support Everything
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
ErosionDefinitionNaive VersionGenericity IssuesFinal Version
MorpherMorpher DefinitionContent MorpherCombination
Demonstration
ConclusionConclusionQuestionsBibliography
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Definition
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Final Version
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Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
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Bibliography
Definition
I Alter communication protocol
I Non intrusive, Transparent, Memory Free
I Glue between Objects
Value Morpher
Image
Accumulator
Site Set
f Update
f get value
next
result
Query set value
take
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Erosion
Definition
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Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
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Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
RGB to Gray Implementation
( make−direct−value−morpher− imageimage( lambda ( g r a y ) ( v e c t o r g r a y g r a y g r a y ) )( lambda ( rgb ) (/ ( r e d u c e #’+ rgb ) 3 ) )
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Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
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Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
Content MorpherI Work on SetsI Restriction
Content Morpher
Restriction
f
Site Set
Site
Site
Site
Site
• Custom-shaped Site Set• Cropped Image
I Addition• Image Border
I Ordering14 / 21
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Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
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Conclusion
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Combination
Available Value Morphers
Available Content Morphers
Available Concrete Objects
Object 2
Object 1
I Possibilities: Combination of ...• Concrete Objects• Value Morpher• Content Morpher• Repetition
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Definition
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Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
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Conclusion
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Bibliography
ErosionDefinitionNaive VersionGenericity IssuesFinal Version
MorpherMorpher DefinitionContent MorpherCombination
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Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
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Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
Demonstration
( d e f p a r a m e t e r l e n a ( load− image ” l e n a . png” : magick ) )
( d e f p a r a m e t e r g r a y( make−direct−value−morpher− image l e n a
( lambda ( g r a y ) ( v e c t o r g r a y g r a y g r a y ) )( lambda ( rgb ) (/ ( r e d u c e #’+ rgb ) 3 ) ) ) )
( d e f p a r a m e t e r c8 ( make−box ( make−point −1 −1) ( make−point 1 1 ) ) )( d e f p a r a m e t e r c4 ( site−set−mask c8 #∗010111010))
( d e f p a r a m e t e r e r o ( e r o s i o n g r a y c4 ) )( d e f p a r a m e t e r d i l ( d i l a t i o n g r a y c4 ) )( d e f p a r a m e t e r d i f f ( image−combine−values #’− d i l e r o ) )
( d e f p a r a m e t e r f i n a l ( image−combine−values( lambda ( rgb edge )
( i f (> edge 50) ( v e c t o r 255 0 0) rgb ) )l e n a d i f f ) )
( save− image f i n a l ” f i n a l . png” : png )
Lena Gray Erosion Dilation Diff Final
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
ErosionDefinitionNaive VersionGenericity IssuesFinal Version
MorpherMorpher DefinitionContent MorpherCombination
Demonstration
ConclusionConclusionQuestionsBibliography
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Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
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Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
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Conclusion
I Personal Additions:• Fusion of Olena Concepts with Functionnal and
Dynamic Programming• Developer Friendly
I Current• Basic Morphological Operators• Morpher System
I Future• Genericity on Value Types• More Algorithms and Image Types• Performance
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Erosion
Definition
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Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
Questions
Questions ?
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Climb
Erosion
Definition
Naive Version
Genericity Issues
Final Version
Morpher
Morpher Definition
Content Morpher
Combination
Demonstration
Conclusion
Conclusion
Questions
Bibliography
Bibliography
I Soille, P. (1999). Morphological Image Analysis -Principles and Applications. Springer-Verlag.
I Geraud, T. and Levillain, R. (2008). Semantics-drivengenericity: A sequel to the static c++ object-orientedprogramming paradigm (Scoop 2). In 6th InternationalWorkshop on Multiparadigm Programming withObject-Oriented Languages.
I Ballas, N. (2008). Image taxonomy in milena.Technical report, EPITA Research and DevelopmentLaboratory (LRDE).
I Denuziere, L. (2009). CLIMB: A dynamic approach togeneric image processing. Technical report, EPITAResearch and Development Laboratory (LRDE).
I Denuziere, L. (2010). Property-based genericity: Adynamic approach. Technical report, EPITA Researchand Development Laboratory (LRDE).
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