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Brain Research - LTCY 199 - Summer 2009 - Remember to Repeat
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Remember to RepeatBy: Clark Higgins
A memory storage system Unlimited capacity A few weeks to an entire life span
(Warren, 1997)
Long-term Memory
Memories of procedures, skills, and “how to”
Slow to acquire, but hard to lose Repetition develops memory Examples 1. Tying your shoe’s strings 2. Riding a bike 3. Practicing a musical
instrument
(Farndon, 2003)
Non-Declarative Memory
Two types: Episodic and Semantic Storage of facts Examples 1. First car 2. Birthday
(Farndon, 2003)
Declarative Memory
Episodic Striking
experiences Sensations Examples
1. Breaking your arm2. First real date
(Farndon, 2003)
Semantic Dates Examples
1.Christmas Day2. Your mother’s
birthday
Episodic and Semantic Memories
Short-term memory to long-term memory through the hippocampus
Shape of a seahorse Makes the long-term memories, but doesn’t
store them If both hippocampi are destroyed, then you can
never learn anything new
(Dongier, 2002)
Hippocampus
New facts or memories are remembered by running them through the hippocampus many times over.
Repeating Mnemonic devices
(Dongier, 2002)
Remember to Repeat
These memories are not lost, instead are misplaced
Memories that have been restored did not form new forebrain neurons.
These neurons just grew new connections to the others.
This rewiring will bring back lost memories.
(Shay, 2007)
Lost Memories
Memories are divided up and stored in many regions inside the brain.
Memories make up the connections between neurons
This is why a smell might trigger an old memory
Storage of Memories
The process in which we find information in our long-term memory, then transfer it back to the working memory
We retrieve these long-term memories triggered by the new information, then store both of them together.
Two types: recall and recognize
(Wagner, 2005)
Retrieval of Memories
Retrieval methods
Recall Recognition
We get information from our memory without seeing the memory.
Example A short answer
question.
(Wagner,2005)
Revolves around recognizing the information after seeing it before.
ExampleA quiz where you
choose one of the choices to be the correct one.
Warren, S. (1997). Remember this: Memory and the brain. Retrieved July 8, 2009, from Serendip Web site: http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/biology/b103/f97/projects97/Warren.html
Farndon, J. (2003). 1000 Things you should know about the human body. (p. 61). Essex, United Kingdom: Miles Kelly Publishing.
Shay, S. (2007, July). Memories misplaced, not lost. New Insight into Alzheimer’s, 110(4), 3-4. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier database.
Dongier, M. (2002). Long-term memory. Retrieved July 8, 2009, from The Brain from Top to Bottom Web site: http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/d/d_07/d_07_cr/d_07_cr_tra/d_07_cr_tra.html
Wagner, K. (2005).Memory Retrieval. Retrieved July 10, 2009, from About.com Psychology Web site: http://psychology.about.com/od/cognitivepsychology/a/memory_retrival.htm
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